Temporal changes in the gut microbiota in farmed Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) outweigh the response to diet supplementation with macroalgae
BACKGROUND: Aquaculture successfully meets global food demands for many fish species. However, aquaculture production of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) is just 2.5% of total market production. For cod farming to be a viable economic venture specific challenges on how to increase growth, health and farm...
Published in: | Animal Microbiome |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Text |
Language: | English |
Published: |
BioMed Central
2021
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7934267/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33500003 https://doi.org/10.1186/s42523-020-00065-1 |
id |
ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7934267 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7934267 2023-05-15T15:27:10+02:00 Temporal changes in the gut microbiota in farmed Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) outweigh the response to diet supplementation with macroalgae Keating, C. Bolton-Warberg, M. Hinchcliffe, J. Davies, R. Whelan, S. Wan, A. H. L. Fitzgerald, R. D. Davies, S. J. Ijaz, U. Z. Smith, C. J. 2021-01-07 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7934267/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33500003 https://doi.org/10.1186/s42523-020-00065-1 en eng BioMed Central http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7934267/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33500003 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s42523-020-00065-1 © The Author(s) 2021 Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. CC-BY Anim Microbiome Research Article Text 2021 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1186/s42523-020-00065-1 2021-03-14T01:52:46Z BACKGROUND: Aquaculture successfully meets global food demands for many fish species. However, aquaculture production of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) is just 2.5% of total market production. For cod farming to be a viable economic venture specific challenges on how to increase growth, health and farming productivity need to be addressed. Feed ingredients play a key role here. Macroalgae (seaweeds) have been suggested as a functional feed supplement with both health and economic benefits for terrestrial farmed animals and fish. The impact of such dietary supplements to cod gut integrity and microbiota, which contribute to overall fish robustness is unknown. The objective of this study was to supplement the diet of juvenile Atlantic cod with macroalgae and determine the impacts on fish condition and growth, gut morphology and hindgut microbiota composition (16S rRNA amplicon sequencing). Fish were fed one of three diets: control (no macroalgal inclusion), 10% inclusion of either egg wrack (Ascophyllum nodosum) or sea lettuce (Ulva rigida) macroalgae in a 12-week trial. RESULTS: The results demonstrated there was no significant difference in fish condition, gut morphology or hindgut microbiota between the U. rigida supplemented fish group and the control group at any time-point. This trend was not observed with the A. nodosum treatment. Fish within this group were further categorised as either ‘Normal’ or ‘Lower Growth’. ‘Lower Growth’ individuals found the diet unpalatable resulting in reduced weight and condition factor combined with an altered gut morphology and microbiome relative to the other treatments. Excluding this group, our results show that the hindgut microbiota was largely driven by temporal pressures with the microbial communities becoming more similar over time irrespective of dietary treatment. The core microbiome at the final time-point consisted of the orders Vibrionales (Vibrio and Photobacterium), Bacteroidales (Bacteroidetes and Macellibacteroides) and Clostridiales (Lachnoclostridium). ... Text atlantic cod Gadus morhua PubMed Central (PMC) Animal Microbiome 3 1 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
PubMed Central (PMC) |
op_collection_id |
ftpubmed |
language |
English |
topic |
Research Article |
spellingShingle |
Research Article Keating, C. Bolton-Warberg, M. Hinchcliffe, J. Davies, R. Whelan, S. Wan, A. H. L. Fitzgerald, R. D. Davies, S. J. Ijaz, U. Z. Smith, C. J. Temporal changes in the gut microbiota in farmed Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) outweigh the response to diet supplementation with macroalgae |
topic_facet |
Research Article |
description |
BACKGROUND: Aquaculture successfully meets global food demands for many fish species. However, aquaculture production of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) is just 2.5% of total market production. For cod farming to be a viable economic venture specific challenges on how to increase growth, health and farming productivity need to be addressed. Feed ingredients play a key role here. Macroalgae (seaweeds) have been suggested as a functional feed supplement with both health and economic benefits for terrestrial farmed animals and fish. The impact of such dietary supplements to cod gut integrity and microbiota, which contribute to overall fish robustness is unknown. The objective of this study was to supplement the diet of juvenile Atlantic cod with macroalgae and determine the impacts on fish condition and growth, gut morphology and hindgut microbiota composition (16S rRNA amplicon sequencing). Fish were fed one of three diets: control (no macroalgal inclusion), 10% inclusion of either egg wrack (Ascophyllum nodosum) or sea lettuce (Ulva rigida) macroalgae in a 12-week trial. RESULTS: The results demonstrated there was no significant difference in fish condition, gut morphology or hindgut microbiota between the U. rigida supplemented fish group and the control group at any time-point. This trend was not observed with the A. nodosum treatment. Fish within this group were further categorised as either ‘Normal’ or ‘Lower Growth’. ‘Lower Growth’ individuals found the diet unpalatable resulting in reduced weight and condition factor combined with an altered gut morphology and microbiome relative to the other treatments. Excluding this group, our results show that the hindgut microbiota was largely driven by temporal pressures with the microbial communities becoming more similar over time irrespective of dietary treatment. The core microbiome at the final time-point consisted of the orders Vibrionales (Vibrio and Photobacterium), Bacteroidales (Bacteroidetes and Macellibacteroides) and Clostridiales (Lachnoclostridium). ... |
format |
Text |
author |
Keating, C. Bolton-Warberg, M. Hinchcliffe, J. Davies, R. Whelan, S. Wan, A. H. L. Fitzgerald, R. D. Davies, S. J. Ijaz, U. Z. Smith, C. J. |
author_facet |
Keating, C. Bolton-Warberg, M. Hinchcliffe, J. Davies, R. Whelan, S. Wan, A. H. L. Fitzgerald, R. D. Davies, S. J. Ijaz, U. Z. Smith, C. J. |
author_sort |
Keating, C. |
title |
Temporal changes in the gut microbiota in farmed Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) outweigh the response to diet supplementation with macroalgae |
title_short |
Temporal changes in the gut microbiota in farmed Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) outweigh the response to diet supplementation with macroalgae |
title_full |
Temporal changes in the gut microbiota in farmed Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) outweigh the response to diet supplementation with macroalgae |
title_fullStr |
Temporal changes in the gut microbiota in farmed Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) outweigh the response to diet supplementation with macroalgae |
title_full_unstemmed |
Temporal changes in the gut microbiota in farmed Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) outweigh the response to diet supplementation with macroalgae |
title_sort |
temporal changes in the gut microbiota in farmed atlantic cod (gadus morhua) outweigh the response to diet supplementation with macroalgae |
publisher |
BioMed Central |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7934267/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33500003 https://doi.org/10.1186/s42523-020-00065-1 |
genre |
atlantic cod Gadus morhua |
genre_facet |
atlantic cod Gadus morhua |
op_source |
Anim Microbiome |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7934267/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33500003 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s42523-020-00065-1 |
op_rights |
© The Author(s) 2021 Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s42523-020-00065-1 |
container_title |
Animal Microbiome |
container_volume |
3 |
container_issue |
1 |
_version_ |
1766357615437152256 |