Comparison of anadromous and landlocked Atlantic salmon genomes reveals signatures of parallel and relaxed selection across the Northern Hemisphere
Most Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) populations follow an anadromous life cycle, spending early life in freshwater, migrating to the sea for feeding, and returning to rivers to spawn. At the end of the last ice age ~10,000 years ago, several populations of Atlantic salmon became landlocked. Compar...
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7896726 2023-05-15T15:29:58+02:00 Comparison of anadromous and landlocked Atlantic salmon genomes reveals signatures of parallel and relaxed selection across the Northern Hemisphere Kjærner‐Semb, Erik Edvardsen, Rolf B. Ayllon, Fernando Vogelsang, Petra Furmanek, Tomasz Rubin, Carl Johan Veselov, Alexey E. Nilsen, Tom Ole McCormick, Stephen D. Primmer, Craig R. Wargelius, Anna 2020-09-23 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7896726/ https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.13129 en eng John Wiley and Sons Inc. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7896726/ http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/eva.13129 © 2020 The Authors. Evolutionary Applications published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. CC-BY Evol Appl Original Articles Text 2020 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.13129 2021-03-07T01:43:58Z Most Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) populations follow an anadromous life cycle, spending early life in freshwater, migrating to the sea for feeding, and returning to rivers to spawn. At the end of the last ice age ~10,000 years ago, several populations of Atlantic salmon became landlocked. Comparing their genomes to their anadromous counterparts can help identify genetic variation related to either freshwater residency or anadromy. The objective of this study was to identify consistently divergent loci between anadromous and landlocked Atlantic salmon strains throughout their geographical distribution, with the long‐term aim of identifying traits relevant for salmon aquaculture, including fresh and seawater growth, omega‐3 metabolism, smoltification, and disease resistance. We used a Pool‐seq approach (n = 10–40 individuals per population) to sequence the genomes of twelve anadromous and six landlocked Atlantic salmon populations covering a large part of the Northern Hemisphere and conducted a genomewide association study to identify genomic regions having been under different selection pressure in landlocked and anadromous strains. A total of 28 genomic regions were identified and included cadm1 on Chr 13 and ppargc1a on Chr 18. Seven of the regions additionally displayed consistently reduced heterozygosity in fish obtained from landlocked populations, including the genes gpr132, cdca4, and sertad2 on Chr 15. We also found 16 regions, including igf1 on Chr 17, which consistently display reduced heterozygosity in the anadromous populations compared to the freshwater populations, indicating relaxed selection on traits associated with anadromy in landlocked salmon. In conclusion, we have identified 37 regions which may harbor genetic variation relevant for improving fish welfare and quality in the salmon farming industry and for understanding life‐history traits in fish. Text Atlantic salmon Salmo salar PubMed Central (PMC) Evolutionary Applications 14 2 446 461 |
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English |
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Original Articles |
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Original Articles Kjærner‐Semb, Erik Edvardsen, Rolf B. Ayllon, Fernando Vogelsang, Petra Furmanek, Tomasz Rubin, Carl Johan Veselov, Alexey E. Nilsen, Tom Ole McCormick, Stephen D. Primmer, Craig R. Wargelius, Anna Comparison of anadromous and landlocked Atlantic salmon genomes reveals signatures of parallel and relaxed selection across the Northern Hemisphere |
topic_facet |
Original Articles |
description |
Most Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) populations follow an anadromous life cycle, spending early life in freshwater, migrating to the sea for feeding, and returning to rivers to spawn. At the end of the last ice age ~10,000 years ago, several populations of Atlantic salmon became landlocked. Comparing their genomes to their anadromous counterparts can help identify genetic variation related to either freshwater residency or anadromy. The objective of this study was to identify consistently divergent loci between anadromous and landlocked Atlantic salmon strains throughout their geographical distribution, with the long‐term aim of identifying traits relevant for salmon aquaculture, including fresh and seawater growth, omega‐3 metabolism, smoltification, and disease resistance. We used a Pool‐seq approach (n = 10–40 individuals per population) to sequence the genomes of twelve anadromous and six landlocked Atlantic salmon populations covering a large part of the Northern Hemisphere and conducted a genomewide association study to identify genomic regions having been under different selection pressure in landlocked and anadromous strains. A total of 28 genomic regions were identified and included cadm1 on Chr 13 and ppargc1a on Chr 18. Seven of the regions additionally displayed consistently reduced heterozygosity in fish obtained from landlocked populations, including the genes gpr132, cdca4, and sertad2 on Chr 15. We also found 16 regions, including igf1 on Chr 17, which consistently display reduced heterozygosity in the anadromous populations compared to the freshwater populations, indicating relaxed selection on traits associated with anadromy in landlocked salmon. In conclusion, we have identified 37 regions which may harbor genetic variation relevant for improving fish welfare and quality in the salmon farming industry and for understanding life‐history traits in fish. |
format |
Text |
author |
Kjærner‐Semb, Erik Edvardsen, Rolf B. Ayllon, Fernando Vogelsang, Petra Furmanek, Tomasz Rubin, Carl Johan Veselov, Alexey E. Nilsen, Tom Ole McCormick, Stephen D. Primmer, Craig R. Wargelius, Anna |
author_facet |
Kjærner‐Semb, Erik Edvardsen, Rolf B. Ayllon, Fernando Vogelsang, Petra Furmanek, Tomasz Rubin, Carl Johan Veselov, Alexey E. Nilsen, Tom Ole McCormick, Stephen D. Primmer, Craig R. Wargelius, Anna |
author_sort |
Kjærner‐Semb, Erik |
title |
Comparison of anadromous and landlocked Atlantic salmon genomes reveals signatures of parallel and relaxed selection across the Northern Hemisphere |
title_short |
Comparison of anadromous and landlocked Atlantic salmon genomes reveals signatures of parallel and relaxed selection across the Northern Hemisphere |
title_full |
Comparison of anadromous and landlocked Atlantic salmon genomes reveals signatures of parallel and relaxed selection across the Northern Hemisphere |
title_fullStr |
Comparison of anadromous and landlocked Atlantic salmon genomes reveals signatures of parallel and relaxed selection across the Northern Hemisphere |
title_full_unstemmed |
Comparison of anadromous and landlocked Atlantic salmon genomes reveals signatures of parallel and relaxed selection across the Northern Hemisphere |
title_sort |
comparison of anadromous and landlocked atlantic salmon genomes reveals signatures of parallel and relaxed selection across the northern hemisphere |
publisher |
John Wiley and Sons Inc. |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7896726/ https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.13129 |
genre |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
genre_facet |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
op_source |
Evol Appl |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7896726/ http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/eva.13129 |
op_rights |
© 2020 The Authors. Evolutionary Applications published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.13129 |
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Evolutionary Applications |
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14 |
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2 |
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446 |
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461 |
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1766360423084326912 |