Microbiota in intestinal digesta of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), observed from late freshwater stage until one year in seawater, and effects of functional ingredients: a case study from a commercial sized research site in the Arctic region
BACKGROUND: The importance of the gut microbiota for health and wellbeing is well established for humans and some land animals. The gut microbiota is supposedly as important for fish, but existing knowledge has many gaps, in particular for fish in the Arctic areas. This study addressed the dynamics...
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Online Access: | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7841887/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33509296 https://doi.org/10.1186/s42523-021-00075-7 |
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7841887 2023-05-15T14:58:12+02:00 Microbiota in intestinal digesta of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), observed from late freshwater stage until one year in seawater, and effects of functional ingredients: a case study from a commercial sized research site in the Arctic region Wang, Jie Jaramillo-Torres, Alexander Li, Yanxian Kortner, Trond M. Gajardo, Karina Brevik, Øyvind Jakobsen Jakobsen, Jan Vidar Krogdahl, Åshild 2021-01-28 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7841887/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33509296 https://doi.org/10.1186/s42523-021-00075-7 en eng BioMed Central http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7841887/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33509296 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s42523-021-00075-7 © The Author(s) 2021 Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. CC-BY Anim Microbiome Research Article Text 2021 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1186/s42523-021-00075-7 2021-02-07T01:41:13Z BACKGROUND: The importance of the gut microbiota for health and wellbeing is well established for humans and some land animals. The gut microbiota is supposedly as important for fish, but existing knowledge has many gaps, in particular for fish in the Arctic areas. This study addressed the dynamics of Atlantic salmon digesta-associated gut microbiota assemblage and its associations with host responses from freshwater to seawater life stages under large-scale, commercial conditions in the Arctic region of Norway, and explored the effects of functional ingredients. The microbiota was characterized by 16S rRNA gene sequencing in distal intestinal digesta at four time points: 2 weeks before seawater transfer (in May, FW); 4 weeks after seawater transfer (in June, SW1); in November (SW2), and in April (SW3) the following year. Two series of diets were fed, varying throughout the observation time in nutrient composition according to the requirements of fish, one without (Ref diet), and the other with functional ingredients (Test diet). The functional ingredients, i.e. nucleotides, yeast cell walls, one prebiotic and essential fatty acids, were supplemented as single or mixtures based on the strategies from the feed company. RESULTS: Overall, the fish showed higher microbial richness and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) abundance after seawater transfer, while Simpson’s diversity decreased throughout the observation period. At SW1, the gut microbiota was slightly different from those at FW, and was dominated by the genera Lactobacillus and Photobacterium. As the fish progressed towards SW2 and SW3, the genera Lactobacillus and Mycoplasma became more prominent, with a corresponding decline in genus Photobacterium. The overall bacterial profiles at these time points showed a clear distinction from those at FW. A significant effect of functional ingredients (a mixture of nucleotides, yeast cell walls and essential fatty acids) was observed at SW2, where Test-fed fish showed lower microbial richness, Shannon’s diversity, and LAB ... Text Arctic Atlantic salmon Salmo salar PubMed Central (PMC) Arctic Norway Animal Microbiome 3 1 |
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Research Article Wang, Jie Jaramillo-Torres, Alexander Li, Yanxian Kortner, Trond M. Gajardo, Karina Brevik, Øyvind Jakobsen Jakobsen, Jan Vidar Krogdahl, Åshild Microbiota in intestinal digesta of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), observed from late freshwater stage until one year in seawater, and effects of functional ingredients: a case study from a commercial sized research site in the Arctic region |
topic_facet |
Research Article |
description |
BACKGROUND: The importance of the gut microbiota for health and wellbeing is well established for humans and some land animals. The gut microbiota is supposedly as important for fish, but existing knowledge has many gaps, in particular for fish in the Arctic areas. This study addressed the dynamics of Atlantic salmon digesta-associated gut microbiota assemblage and its associations with host responses from freshwater to seawater life stages under large-scale, commercial conditions in the Arctic region of Norway, and explored the effects of functional ingredients. The microbiota was characterized by 16S rRNA gene sequencing in distal intestinal digesta at four time points: 2 weeks before seawater transfer (in May, FW); 4 weeks after seawater transfer (in June, SW1); in November (SW2), and in April (SW3) the following year. Two series of diets were fed, varying throughout the observation time in nutrient composition according to the requirements of fish, one without (Ref diet), and the other with functional ingredients (Test diet). The functional ingredients, i.e. nucleotides, yeast cell walls, one prebiotic and essential fatty acids, were supplemented as single or mixtures based on the strategies from the feed company. RESULTS: Overall, the fish showed higher microbial richness and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) abundance after seawater transfer, while Simpson’s diversity decreased throughout the observation period. At SW1, the gut microbiota was slightly different from those at FW, and was dominated by the genera Lactobacillus and Photobacterium. As the fish progressed towards SW2 and SW3, the genera Lactobacillus and Mycoplasma became more prominent, with a corresponding decline in genus Photobacterium. The overall bacterial profiles at these time points showed a clear distinction from those at FW. A significant effect of functional ingredients (a mixture of nucleotides, yeast cell walls and essential fatty acids) was observed at SW2, where Test-fed fish showed lower microbial richness, Shannon’s diversity, and LAB ... |
format |
Text |
author |
Wang, Jie Jaramillo-Torres, Alexander Li, Yanxian Kortner, Trond M. Gajardo, Karina Brevik, Øyvind Jakobsen Jakobsen, Jan Vidar Krogdahl, Åshild |
author_facet |
Wang, Jie Jaramillo-Torres, Alexander Li, Yanxian Kortner, Trond M. Gajardo, Karina Brevik, Øyvind Jakobsen Jakobsen, Jan Vidar Krogdahl, Åshild |
author_sort |
Wang, Jie |
title |
Microbiota in intestinal digesta of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), observed from late freshwater stage until one year in seawater, and effects of functional ingredients: a case study from a commercial sized research site in the Arctic region |
title_short |
Microbiota in intestinal digesta of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), observed from late freshwater stage until one year in seawater, and effects of functional ingredients: a case study from a commercial sized research site in the Arctic region |
title_full |
Microbiota in intestinal digesta of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), observed from late freshwater stage until one year in seawater, and effects of functional ingredients: a case study from a commercial sized research site in the Arctic region |
title_fullStr |
Microbiota in intestinal digesta of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), observed from late freshwater stage until one year in seawater, and effects of functional ingredients: a case study from a commercial sized research site in the Arctic region |
title_full_unstemmed |
Microbiota in intestinal digesta of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), observed from late freshwater stage until one year in seawater, and effects of functional ingredients: a case study from a commercial sized research site in the Arctic region |
title_sort |
microbiota in intestinal digesta of atlantic salmon (salmo salar), observed from late freshwater stage until one year in seawater, and effects of functional ingredients: a case study from a commercial sized research site in the arctic region |
publisher |
BioMed Central |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7841887/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33509296 https://doi.org/10.1186/s42523-021-00075-7 |
geographic |
Arctic Norway |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Norway |
genre |
Arctic Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
genre_facet |
Arctic Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
op_source |
Anim Microbiome |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7841887/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33509296 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s42523-021-00075-7 |
op_rights |
© The Author(s) 2021 Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s42523-021-00075-7 |
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Animal Microbiome |
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3 |
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