Racial discrimination and allostatic load among First Nations Australians: a nationally representative cross-sectional study
BACKGROUND: Increased allostatic load is linked with racial discrimination exposure, providing a mechanism for the biological embedding of racism as a psychosocial stressor. We undertook an examination of how racial discrimination interacts with socioecological, environmental, and health conditions...
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7720631 2023-05-15T16:15:59+02:00 Racial discrimination and allostatic load among First Nations Australians: a nationally representative cross-sectional study Cave, Leah Cooper, Matthew N. Zubrick, Stephen R. Shepherd, Carrington C. J. 2020-12-07 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7720631/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33287764 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-09978-7 en eng BioMed Central http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7720631/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33287764 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-09978-7 © The Author(s) 2020 Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. CC0 PDM CC-BY BMC Public Health Research Article Text 2020 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-09978-7 2020-12-13T01:43:07Z BACKGROUND: Increased allostatic load is linked with racial discrimination exposure, providing a mechanism for the biological embedding of racism as a psychosocial stressor. We undertook an examination of how racial discrimination interacts with socioecological, environmental, and health conditions to affect multisystem dysregulation in a First Nations population. METHODS: We conducted latent class analysis (LCA) using indicators of life stress, socioeconomic background, and physical and mental health from a nationally representative sample of Australian Aboriginal adults (N = 2056). We used LCA with distal outcomes to estimate the effect of the latent class variable on our derived allostatic load index and conducted a stratified analysis to test whether allostatic load varied based on exposure to racial discrimination across latent classes. RESULTS: Our psychosocial, environmental, and health measures informed a four-class structure; ‘Low risk’, ‘Challenged but healthy’, ‘Mental health risk’ and ‘Multiple challenges’. Mean allostatic load was highest in ‘Multiple challenges’ compared to all other classes, both in those exposed (4.5; 95% CI: 3.9, 5.0) and not exposed (3.9; 95% CI: 3.7, 4.2) to racial discrimination. Allostatic load was significantly higher for those with exposure to racial discrimination in the ‘Multiple challenges’ class (t = 1.74, p = .04) and significantly lower in the ‘Mental health risk’ class (t = − 1.67, p = .05). CONCLUSIONS: Racial discrimination may not always modify physiological vulnerability to disease. Social and economic contexts must be considered when addressing the impact of racism, with a focus on individuals and sub-populations experiencing co-occurring life challenges. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-020-09978-7. Text First Nations PubMed Central (PMC) BMC Public Health 20 1 |
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Research Article Cave, Leah Cooper, Matthew N. Zubrick, Stephen R. Shepherd, Carrington C. J. Racial discrimination and allostatic load among First Nations Australians: a nationally representative cross-sectional study |
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Research Article |
description |
BACKGROUND: Increased allostatic load is linked with racial discrimination exposure, providing a mechanism for the biological embedding of racism as a psychosocial stressor. We undertook an examination of how racial discrimination interacts with socioecological, environmental, and health conditions to affect multisystem dysregulation in a First Nations population. METHODS: We conducted latent class analysis (LCA) using indicators of life stress, socioeconomic background, and physical and mental health from a nationally representative sample of Australian Aboriginal adults (N = 2056). We used LCA with distal outcomes to estimate the effect of the latent class variable on our derived allostatic load index and conducted a stratified analysis to test whether allostatic load varied based on exposure to racial discrimination across latent classes. RESULTS: Our psychosocial, environmental, and health measures informed a four-class structure; ‘Low risk’, ‘Challenged but healthy’, ‘Mental health risk’ and ‘Multiple challenges’. Mean allostatic load was highest in ‘Multiple challenges’ compared to all other classes, both in those exposed (4.5; 95% CI: 3.9, 5.0) and not exposed (3.9; 95% CI: 3.7, 4.2) to racial discrimination. Allostatic load was significantly higher for those with exposure to racial discrimination in the ‘Multiple challenges’ class (t = 1.74, p = .04) and significantly lower in the ‘Mental health risk’ class (t = − 1.67, p = .05). CONCLUSIONS: Racial discrimination may not always modify physiological vulnerability to disease. Social and economic contexts must be considered when addressing the impact of racism, with a focus on individuals and sub-populations experiencing co-occurring life challenges. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-020-09978-7. |
format |
Text |
author |
Cave, Leah Cooper, Matthew N. Zubrick, Stephen R. Shepherd, Carrington C. J. |
author_facet |
Cave, Leah Cooper, Matthew N. Zubrick, Stephen R. Shepherd, Carrington C. J. |
author_sort |
Cave, Leah |
title |
Racial discrimination and allostatic load among First Nations Australians: a nationally representative cross-sectional study |
title_short |
Racial discrimination and allostatic load among First Nations Australians: a nationally representative cross-sectional study |
title_full |
Racial discrimination and allostatic load among First Nations Australians: a nationally representative cross-sectional study |
title_fullStr |
Racial discrimination and allostatic load among First Nations Australians: a nationally representative cross-sectional study |
title_full_unstemmed |
Racial discrimination and allostatic load among First Nations Australians: a nationally representative cross-sectional study |
title_sort |
racial discrimination and allostatic load among first nations australians: a nationally representative cross-sectional study |
publisher |
BioMed Central |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7720631/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33287764 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-09978-7 |
genre |
First Nations |
genre_facet |
First Nations |
op_source |
BMC Public Health |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7720631/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33287764 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-09978-7 |
op_rights |
© The Author(s) 2020 Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. |
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CC0 PDM CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-09978-7 |
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BMC Public Health |
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20 |
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1 |
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