Specific shifts in the endocannabinoid system in hibernating brown bears
In small hibernators, global downregulation of the endocannabinoid system (ECS), which is involved in modulating neuronal signaling, feeding behavior, energy metabolism, and circannual rhythms, has been reported to possibly drive physiological adaptation to the hibernating state. In hibernating brow...
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7681968 2023-05-15T18:42:12+02:00 Specific shifts in the endocannabinoid system in hibernating brown bears Boyer, Christian Cussonneau, Laura Brun, Charlotte Deval, Christiane Pais de Barros, Jean-Paul Chanon, Stéphanie Bernoud-Hubac, Nathalie Daira, Patricia Evans, Alina L. Arnemo, Jon M. Swenson, Jon E. Gauquelin-Koch, Guillemette Simon, Chantal Blanc, Stéphane Combaret, Lydie Bertile, Fabrice Lefai, Etienne 2020-11-23 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7681968/ https://doi.org/10.1186/s12983-020-00380-y en eng BioMed Central http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7681968/ http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12983-020-00380-y © The Author(s) 2020 Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. CC0 PDM CC-BY Front Zool Research Text 2020 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1186/s12983-020-00380-y 2020-11-29T01:31:02Z In small hibernators, global downregulation of the endocannabinoid system (ECS), which is involved in modulating neuronal signaling, feeding behavior, energy metabolism, and circannual rhythms, has been reported to possibly drive physiological adaptation to the hibernating state. In hibernating brown bears (Ursus arctos), we hypothesized that beyond an overall suppression of the ECS, seasonal shift in endocannabinoids compounds could be linked to bear’s peculiar features that include hibernation without arousal episodes and capacity to react to external disturbance. We explored circulating lipids in serum and the ECS in plasma and metabolically active tissues in free-ranging subadult Scandinavian brown bears when both active and hibernating. In winter bear serum, in addition to a 2-fold increase in total fatty acid concentration, we found significant changes in relative proportions of circulating fatty acids, such as a 2-fold increase in docosahexaenoic acid C22:6 n-3 and a decrease in arachidonic acid C20:4 n-6. In adipose and muscle tissues of hibernating bears, we found significant lower concentrations of 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), a major ligand of cannabinoid receptors 1 (CB1) and 2 (CB2). Lower mRNA level for genes encoding CB1 and CB2 were also found in winter muscle and adipose tissue, respectively. The observed reduction in ECS tone may promote fatty acid mobilization from body fat stores, and favor carbohydrate metabolism in skeletal muscle of hibernating bears. Additionally, high circulating level of the endocannabinoid-like compound N-oleoylethanolamide (OEA) in winter could favor lipolysis and fatty acid oxidation in peripheral tissues. We also speculated on a role of OEA in the conservation of an anorexigenic signal and in the maintenance of torpor during hibernation, while sustaining the capacity of bears to sense stimuli from the environment. Text Ursus arctos PubMed Central (PMC) Frontiers in Zoology 17 1 |
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English |
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Research |
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Research Boyer, Christian Cussonneau, Laura Brun, Charlotte Deval, Christiane Pais de Barros, Jean-Paul Chanon, Stéphanie Bernoud-Hubac, Nathalie Daira, Patricia Evans, Alina L. Arnemo, Jon M. Swenson, Jon E. Gauquelin-Koch, Guillemette Simon, Chantal Blanc, Stéphane Combaret, Lydie Bertile, Fabrice Lefai, Etienne Specific shifts in the endocannabinoid system in hibernating brown bears |
topic_facet |
Research |
description |
In small hibernators, global downregulation of the endocannabinoid system (ECS), which is involved in modulating neuronal signaling, feeding behavior, energy metabolism, and circannual rhythms, has been reported to possibly drive physiological adaptation to the hibernating state. In hibernating brown bears (Ursus arctos), we hypothesized that beyond an overall suppression of the ECS, seasonal shift in endocannabinoids compounds could be linked to bear’s peculiar features that include hibernation without arousal episodes and capacity to react to external disturbance. We explored circulating lipids in serum and the ECS in plasma and metabolically active tissues in free-ranging subadult Scandinavian brown bears when both active and hibernating. In winter bear serum, in addition to a 2-fold increase in total fatty acid concentration, we found significant changes in relative proportions of circulating fatty acids, such as a 2-fold increase in docosahexaenoic acid C22:6 n-3 and a decrease in arachidonic acid C20:4 n-6. In adipose and muscle tissues of hibernating bears, we found significant lower concentrations of 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), a major ligand of cannabinoid receptors 1 (CB1) and 2 (CB2). Lower mRNA level for genes encoding CB1 and CB2 were also found in winter muscle and adipose tissue, respectively. The observed reduction in ECS tone may promote fatty acid mobilization from body fat stores, and favor carbohydrate metabolism in skeletal muscle of hibernating bears. Additionally, high circulating level of the endocannabinoid-like compound N-oleoylethanolamide (OEA) in winter could favor lipolysis and fatty acid oxidation in peripheral tissues. We also speculated on a role of OEA in the conservation of an anorexigenic signal and in the maintenance of torpor during hibernation, while sustaining the capacity of bears to sense stimuli from the environment. |
format |
Text |
author |
Boyer, Christian Cussonneau, Laura Brun, Charlotte Deval, Christiane Pais de Barros, Jean-Paul Chanon, Stéphanie Bernoud-Hubac, Nathalie Daira, Patricia Evans, Alina L. Arnemo, Jon M. Swenson, Jon E. Gauquelin-Koch, Guillemette Simon, Chantal Blanc, Stéphane Combaret, Lydie Bertile, Fabrice Lefai, Etienne |
author_facet |
Boyer, Christian Cussonneau, Laura Brun, Charlotte Deval, Christiane Pais de Barros, Jean-Paul Chanon, Stéphanie Bernoud-Hubac, Nathalie Daira, Patricia Evans, Alina L. Arnemo, Jon M. Swenson, Jon E. Gauquelin-Koch, Guillemette Simon, Chantal Blanc, Stéphane Combaret, Lydie Bertile, Fabrice Lefai, Etienne |
author_sort |
Boyer, Christian |
title |
Specific shifts in the endocannabinoid system in hibernating brown bears |
title_short |
Specific shifts in the endocannabinoid system in hibernating brown bears |
title_full |
Specific shifts in the endocannabinoid system in hibernating brown bears |
title_fullStr |
Specific shifts in the endocannabinoid system in hibernating brown bears |
title_full_unstemmed |
Specific shifts in the endocannabinoid system in hibernating brown bears |
title_sort |
specific shifts in the endocannabinoid system in hibernating brown bears |
publisher |
BioMed Central |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7681968/ https://doi.org/10.1186/s12983-020-00380-y |
genre |
Ursus arctos |
genre_facet |
Ursus arctos |
op_source |
Front Zool |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7681968/ http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12983-020-00380-y |
op_rights |
© The Author(s) 2020 Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. |
op_rightsnorm |
CC0 PDM CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12983-020-00380-y |
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Frontiers in Zoology |
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17 |
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