Forelimb joints contribute to locomotor performance in reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) by maintaining stability and storing energy
Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) have lengthy seasonal migrations on land and their feet possess excellent locomotor characteristics that can adapt to complex terrains. In this study, the kinematics and vertical ground reaction force (GRF) of reindeer forelimb joints (interphalangeal joint b, metacarpop...
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7666566 2023-05-15T18:04:16+02:00 Forelimb joints contribute to locomotor performance in reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) by maintaining stability and storing energy Li, Guoyu Zhang, Rui Han, Dianlei Pang, Hao Yu, Guolong Cao, Qingqiu Wang, Chen Kong, Lingxi Chengjin, Wang Dong, Wenchao Li, Tao Li, Jianqiao 2020-11-11 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7666566/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33240627 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.10278 en eng PeerJ Inc. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7666566/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33240627 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.10278 ©2020 Li et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, reproduction and adaptation in any medium and for any purpose provided that it is properly attributed. For attribution, the original author(s), title, publication source (PeerJ) and either DOI or URL of the article must be cited. CC-BY PeerJ Animal Behavior Text 2020 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.10278 2020-11-29T01:18:48Z Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) have lengthy seasonal migrations on land and their feet possess excellent locomotor characteristics that can adapt to complex terrains. In this study, the kinematics and vertical ground reaction force (GRF) of reindeer forelimb joints (interphalangeal joint b, metacarpophalangeal joint c, and wrist joint d) under walk, trot 1, and trot 2 were measured using a motion tracking system and Footscan pressure plates. Significant differences among different locomotor activities were observed in the joint angles, but not in changes of the joint angles (α(b), α(c), α(d)) during the stance phase. Peak vertical GRF increased as locomotor speed increased. Net joint moment, power, and work at the forelimb joints were calculated via inverse dynamics. The peak joint moment and net joint power related to the vertical GRF increased as locomotor speed increased. The feet absorbed and generated more energy at the joints. During different locomotor activities, the contribution of work of the forelimbs changed with both gait and speed. In the stance phase, the metacarpophalangeal joint absorbed more energy than the other two joints while trotting and thus performed better in elastic energy storage. The joint angles changed very little (∼5°) from 0 to 75% of the stance phase, which reflected the stability of reindeer wrist joints. Compared to typical ungulates, reindeer toe joints are more stable and the stability and energy storage of forelimb joints contribute to locomotor performance in reindeer. Text Rangifer tarandus PubMed Central (PMC) PeerJ 8 e10278 |
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PubMed Central (PMC) |
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English |
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Animal Behavior |
spellingShingle |
Animal Behavior Li, Guoyu Zhang, Rui Han, Dianlei Pang, Hao Yu, Guolong Cao, Qingqiu Wang, Chen Kong, Lingxi Chengjin, Wang Dong, Wenchao Li, Tao Li, Jianqiao Forelimb joints contribute to locomotor performance in reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) by maintaining stability and storing energy |
topic_facet |
Animal Behavior |
description |
Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) have lengthy seasonal migrations on land and their feet possess excellent locomotor characteristics that can adapt to complex terrains. In this study, the kinematics and vertical ground reaction force (GRF) of reindeer forelimb joints (interphalangeal joint b, metacarpophalangeal joint c, and wrist joint d) under walk, trot 1, and trot 2 were measured using a motion tracking system and Footscan pressure plates. Significant differences among different locomotor activities were observed in the joint angles, but not in changes of the joint angles (α(b), α(c), α(d)) during the stance phase. Peak vertical GRF increased as locomotor speed increased. Net joint moment, power, and work at the forelimb joints were calculated via inverse dynamics. The peak joint moment and net joint power related to the vertical GRF increased as locomotor speed increased. The feet absorbed and generated more energy at the joints. During different locomotor activities, the contribution of work of the forelimbs changed with both gait and speed. In the stance phase, the metacarpophalangeal joint absorbed more energy than the other two joints while trotting and thus performed better in elastic energy storage. The joint angles changed very little (∼5°) from 0 to 75% of the stance phase, which reflected the stability of reindeer wrist joints. Compared to typical ungulates, reindeer toe joints are more stable and the stability and energy storage of forelimb joints contribute to locomotor performance in reindeer. |
format |
Text |
author |
Li, Guoyu Zhang, Rui Han, Dianlei Pang, Hao Yu, Guolong Cao, Qingqiu Wang, Chen Kong, Lingxi Chengjin, Wang Dong, Wenchao Li, Tao Li, Jianqiao |
author_facet |
Li, Guoyu Zhang, Rui Han, Dianlei Pang, Hao Yu, Guolong Cao, Qingqiu Wang, Chen Kong, Lingxi Chengjin, Wang Dong, Wenchao Li, Tao Li, Jianqiao |
author_sort |
Li, Guoyu |
title |
Forelimb joints contribute to locomotor performance in reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) by maintaining stability and storing energy |
title_short |
Forelimb joints contribute to locomotor performance in reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) by maintaining stability and storing energy |
title_full |
Forelimb joints contribute to locomotor performance in reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) by maintaining stability and storing energy |
title_fullStr |
Forelimb joints contribute to locomotor performance in reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) by maintaining stability and storing energy |
title_full_unstemmed |
Forelimb joints contribute to locomotor performance in reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) by maintaining stability and storing energy |
title_sort |
forelimb joints contribute to locomotor performance in reindeer (rangifer tarandus) by maintaining stability and storing energy |
publisher |
PeerJ Inc. |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7666566/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33240627 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.10278 |
genre |
Rangifer tarandus |
genre_facet |
Rangifer tarandus |
op_source |
PeerJ |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7666566/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33240627 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.10278 |
op_rights |
©2020 Li et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, reproduction and adaptation in any medium and for any purpose provided that it is properly attributed. For attribution, the original author(s), title, publication source (PeerJ) and either DOI or URL of the article must be cited. |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.10278 |
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8 |
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e10278 |
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