Carnivore Contact: A Species Fracture Zone Delineated Amongst Genetically Structured North American Marten Populations (Martes americana and Martes caurina)
North American martens are forest dependent, influenced by human activity, and climate vulnerable. They have long been managed and harvested throughout their range as the American marten (Martes americana). Recent work has expanded evidence for the original description of two species in North Americ...
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7370953 2023-05-15T13:21:51+02:00 Carnivore Contact: A Species Fracture Zone Delineated Amongst Genetically Structured North American Marten Populations (Martes americana and Martes caurina) Lucid, Michael Cushman, Sam Robinson, Lacy Kortello, Andrea Hausleitner, Doris Mowat, Garth Ehlers, Shannon Gillespie, Sara Svancara, Leona K. Sullivan, Jack Rankin, Andrew Paetkau, David 2020-07-13 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7370953/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32754203 https://doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2020.00735 en eng Frontiers Media S.A. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7370953/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32754203 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2020.00735 Copyright © 2020 Lucid, Cushman, Robinson, Kortello, Hausleitner, Mowat, Ehlers, Gillespie, Svancara, Sullivan, Rankin and Paetkau. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. CC-BY Front Genet Genetics Text 2020 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2020.00735 2020-08-09T00:22:47Z North American martens are forest dependent, influenced by human activity, and climate vulnerable. They have long been managed and harvested throughout their range as the American marten (Martes americana). Recent work has expanded evidence for the original description of two species in North America — M. americana and the Pacific Coast marten, M. caurina — but the geographic boundary between these groups has not been described in detail. From 2010 to 2016 we deployed 734 multi-taxa winter bait stations across a 53,474 km(2) study area spanning seven mountain ranges within the anticipated contact zone along the border of Canada and the United States. We collected marten hair samples and developed genotypes for 15 polymorphic microsatellite loci for 235 individuals, and 493 base-pair sequences of the mtDNA gene COI for 175 of those individuals. Both nuclear and mitochondrial genetic structure identified a sharp break across the Clark Fork Valley, United States with M. americana and M. caurina occurring north and south of the break, respectively. We estimated global effective population size (N(e)) for each mountain range, clinal genetic neighborhood sizes (NS), calculated observed (H(o)) and expected (H(e)) heterozygosity, fixation index (F(ST)()), and clinal measures of allelic richness (Ar), H(o), and inbreeding coefficient (F(IS)). Despite substantial genetic structure, we detected hybridization along the fracture zone with both contemporary (nuclear DNA) and historic (mtDNA) gene flow. Marten populations in our study area are highly structured and the break across the fracture zone being the largest documented in North America (F(ST) range 0.21–0.34, mean = 0.27). With the exception of the Coeur d’Alene Mountains, marten were well distributed across higher elevation portions of our sampling area. Clinal NS values were variable suggesting substantial heterogeneity in marten density and movement. For both M. americana and M. caurina, elevationaly dependent gene flow and high genetic population structure suggest ... Text American marten Martes americana PubMed Central (PMC) Canada Pacific Frontiers in Genetics 11 |
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PubMed Central (PMC) |
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ftpubmed |
language |
English |
topic |
Genetics |
spellingShingle |
Genetics Lucid, Michael Cushman, Sam Robinson, Lacy Kortello, Andrea Hausleitner, Doris Mowat, Garth Ehlers, Shannon Gillespie, Sara Svancara, Leona K. Sullivan, Jack Rankin, Andrew Paetkau, David Carnivore Contact: A Species Fracture Zone Delineated Amongst Genetically Structured North American Marten Populations (Martes americana and Martes caurina) |
topic_facet |
Genetics |
description |
North American martens are forest dependent, influenced by human activity, and climate vulnerable. They have long been managed and harvested throughout their range as the American marten (Martes americana). Recent work has expanded evidence for the original description of two species in North America — M. americana and the Pacific Coast marten, M. caurina — but the geographic boundary between these groups has not been described in detail. From 2010 to 2016 we deployed 734 multi-taxa winter bait stations across a 53,474 km(2) study area spanning seven mountain ranges within the anticipated contact zone along the border of Canada and the United States. We collected marten hair samples and developed genotypes for 15 polymorphic microsatellite loci for 235 individuals, and 493 base-pair sequences of the mtDNA gene COI for 175 of those individuals. Both nuclear and mitochondrial genetic structure identified a sharp break across the Clark Fork Valley, United States with M. americana and M. caurina occurring north and south of the break, respectively. We estimated global effective population size (N(e)) for each mountain range, clinal genetic neighborhood sizes (NS), calculated observed (H(o)) and expected (H(e)) heterozygosity, fixation index (F(ST)()), and clinal measures of allelic richness (Ar), H(o), and inbreeding coefficient (F(IS)). Despite substantial genetic structure, we detected hybridization along the fracture zone with both contemporary (nuclear DNA) and historic (mtDNA) gene flow. Marten populations in our study area are highly structured and the break across the fracture zone being the largest documented in North America (F(ST) range 0.21–0.34, mean = 0.27). With the exception of the Coeur d’Alene Mountains, marten were well distributed across higher elevation portions of our sampling area. Clinal NS values were variable suggesting substantial heterogeneity in marten density and movement. For both M. americana and M. caurina, elevationaly dependent gene flow and high genetic population structure suggest ... |
format |
Text |
author |
Lucid, Michael Cushman, Sam Robinson, Lacy Kortello, Andrea Hausleitner, Doris Mowat, Garth Ehlers, Shannon Gillespie, Sara Svancara, Leona K. Sullivan, Jack Rankin, Andrew Paetkau, David |
author_facet |
Lucid, Michael Cushman, Sam Robinson, Lacy Kortello, Andrea Hausleitner, Doris Mowat, Garth Ehlers, Shannon Gillespie, Sara Svancara, Leona K. Sullivan, Jack Rankin, Andrew Paetkau, David |
author_sort |
Lucid, Michael |
title |
Carnivore Contact: A Species Fracture Zone Delineated Amongst Genetically Structured North American Marten Populations (Martes americana and Martes caurina) |
title_short |
Carnivore Contact: A Species Fracture Zone Delineated Amongst Genetically Structured North American Marten Populations (Martes americana and Martes caurina) |
title_full |
Carnivore Contact: A Species Fracture Zone Delineated Amongst Genetically Structured North American Marten Populations (Martes americana and Martes caurina) |
title_fullStr |
Carnivore Contact: A Species Fracture Zone Delineated Amongst Genetically Structured North American Marten Populations (Martes americana and Martes caurina) |
title_full_unstemmed |
Carnivore Contact: A Species Fracture Zone Delineated Amongst Genetically Structured North American Marten Populations (Martes americana and Martes caurina) |
title_sort |
carnivore contact: a species fracture zone delineated amongst genetically structured north american marten populations (martes americana and martes caurina) |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7370953/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32754203 https://doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2020.00735 |
geographic |
Canada Pacific |
geographic_facet |
Canada Pacific |
genre |
American marten Martes americana |
genre_facet |
American marten Martes americana |
op_source |
Front Genet |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7370953/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32754203 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2020.00735 |
op_rights |
Copyright © 2020 Lucid, Cushman, Robinson, Kortello, Hausleitner, Mowat, Ehlers, Gillespie, Svancara, Sullivan, Rankin and Paetkau. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2020.00735 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Genetics |
container_volume |
11 |
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