Deep rotating convection generates the polar hexagon on Saturn
Numerous land- and space-based observations have established that Saturn has a persistent hexagonal flow pattern near its north pole. While observations abound, the physics behind its formation is still uncertain. Although several phenomenological models have been able to reproduce this feature, a s...
| Published in: | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences |
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| Main Authors: | , |
| Format: | Text |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
National Academy of Sciences
2020
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7322008/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32513703 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2000317117 |
| Summary: | Numerous land- and space-based observations have established that Saturn has a persistent hexagonal flow pattern near its north pole. While observations abound, the physics behind its formation is still uncertain. Although several phenomenological models have been able to reproduce this feature, a self-consistent model for how such a large-scale polygonal jet forms in the highly turbulent atmosphere of Saturn is lacking. Here, we present a three-dimensional (3D) fully nonlinear anelastic simulation of deep thermal convection in the outer layers of gas giant planets that spontaneously generates giant polar cyclones, fierce alternating zonal flows, and a high-latitude eastward jet with a polygonal pattern. The analysis of the simulation suggests that self-organized turbulence in the form of giant vortices pinches the eastward jet, forming polygonal shapes. We argue that a similar mechanism is responsible for exciting Saturn’s hexagonal flow pattern. |
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