Phages Actively Challenge Niche Communities in Antarctic Soils
By modulating the structure, diversity, and trophic outputs of microbial communities, phages play crucial roles in many biomes. In oligotrophic polar deserts, the effects of katabatic winds, constrained nutrients, and low water availability are known to limit microbial activity. Although phages may...
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Online Access: | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7205518/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32371471 https://doi.org/10.1128/mSystems.00234-20 |
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7205518 2023-05-15T14:05:02+02:00 Phages Actively Challenge Niche Communities in Antarctic Soils Bezuidt, Oliver K. I. Lebre, Pedro Humberto Pierneef, Rian León-Sobrino, Carlos Adriaenssens, Evelien M. Cowan, Don A. Van de Peer, Yves Makhalanyane, Thulani P. 2020-05-05 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7205518/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32371471 https://doi.org/10.1128/mSystems.00234-20 en eng American Society for Microbiology http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7205518/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32371471 http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mSystems.00234-20 Copyright © 2020 Bezuidt et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . CC-BY mSystems Research Article Text 2020 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1128/mSystems.00234-20 2020-05-24T00:21:53Z By modulating the structure, diversity, and trophic outputs of microbial communities, phages play crucial roles in many biomes. In oligotrophic polar deserts, the effects of katabatic winds, constrained nutrients, and low water availability are known to limit microbial activity. Although phages may substantially govern trophic interactions in cold deserts, relatively little is known regarding the precise ecological mechanisms. Here, we provide the first evidence of widespread antiphage innate immunity in Antarctic environments using metagenomic sequence data from hypolith communities as model systems. In particular, immunity systems such as DISARM and BREX are shown to be dominant systems in these communities. Additionally, we show a direct correlation between the CRISPR-Cas adaptive immunity and the metavirome of hypolith communities, suggesting the existence of dynamic host-phage interactions. In addition to providing the first exploration of immune systems in cold deserts, our results suggest that phages actively challenge niche communities in Antarctic polar deserts. We provide evidence suggesting that the regulatory role played by phages in this system is an important determinant of bacterial host interactions in this environment. IMPORTANCE In Antarctic environments, the combination of both abiotic and biotic stressors results in simple trophic levels dominated by microbiomes. Although the past two decades have revealed substantial insights regarding the diversity and structure of microbiomes, we lack mechanistic insights regarding community interactions and how phages may affect these. By providing the first evidence of widespread antiphage innate immunity, we shed light on phage-host dynamics in Antarctic niche communities. Our analyses reveal several antiphage defense systems, including DISARM and BREX, which appear to dominate in cold desert niche communities. In contrast, our analyses revealed that genes which encode antiphage adaptive immunity were underrepresented in these communities, suggesting ... Text Antarc* Antarctic PubMed Central (PMC) Antarctic mSystems 5 3 |
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Research Article Bezuidt, Oliver K. I. Lebre, Pedro Humberto Pierneef, Rian León-Sobrino, Carlos Adriaenssens, Evelien M. Cowan, Don A. Van de Peer, Yves Makhalanyane, Thulani P. Phages Actively Challenge Niche Communities in Antarctic Soils |
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Research Article |
description |
By modulating the structure, diversity, and trophic outputs of microbial communities, phages play crucial roles in many biomes. In oligotrophic polar deserts, the effects of katabatic winds, constrained nutrients, and low water availability are known to limit microbial activity. Although phages may substantially govern trophic interactions in cold deserts, relatively little is known regarding the precise ecological mechanisms. Here, we provide the first evidence of widespread antiphage innate immunity in Antarctic environments using metagenomic sequence data from hypolith communities as model systems. In particular, immunity systems such as DISARM and BREX are shown to be dominant systems in these communities. Additionally, we show a direct correlation between the CRISPR-Cas adaptive immunity and the metavirome of hypolith communities, suggesting the existence of dynamic host-phage interactions. In addition to providing the first exploration of immune systems in cold deserts, our results suggest that phages actively challenge niche communities in Antarctic polar deserts. We provide evidence suggesting that the regulatory role played by phages in this system is an important determinant of bacterial host interactions in this environment. IMPORTANCE In Antarctic environments, the combination of both abiotic and biotic stressors results in simple trophic levels dominated by microbiomes. Although the past two decades have revealed substantial insights regarding the diversity and structure of microbiomes, we lack mechanistic insights regarding community interactions and how phages may affect these. By providing the first evidence of widespread antiphage innate immunity, we shed light on phage-host dynamics in Antarctic niche communities. Our analyses reveal several antiphage defense systems, including DISARM and BREX, which appear to dominate in cold desert niche communities. In contrast, our analyses revealed that genes which encode antiphage adaptive immunity were underrepresented in these communities, suggesting ... |
format |
Text |
author |
Bezuidt, Oliver K. I. Lebre, Pedro Humberto Pierneef, Rian León-Sobrino, Carlos Adriaenssens, Evelien M. Cowan, Don A. Van de Peer, Yves Makhalanyane, Thulani P. |
author_facet |
Bezuidt, Oliver K. I. Lebre, Pedro Humberto Pierneef, Rian León-Sobrino, Carlos Adriaenssens, Evelien M. Cowan, Don A. Van de Peer, Yves Makhalanyane, Thulani P. |
author_sort |
Bezuidt, Oliver K. I. |
title |
Phages Actively Challenge Niche Communities in Antarctic Soils |
title_short |
Phages Actively Challenge Niche Communities in Antarctic Soils |
title_full |
Phages Actively Challenge Niche Communities in Antarctic Soils |
title_fullStr |
Phages Actively Challenge Niche Communities in Antarctic Soils |
title_full_unstemmed |
Phages Actively Challenge Niche Communities in Antarctic Soils |
title_sort |
phages actively challenge niche communities in antarctic soils |
publisher |
American Society for Microbiology |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7205518/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32371471 https://doi.org/10.1128/mSystems.00234-20 |
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Antarctic |
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Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic |
op_source |
mSystems |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7205518/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32371471 http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mSystems.00234-20 |
op_rights |
Copyright © 2020 Bezuidt et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
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CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1128/mSystems.00234-20 |
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