Divergence between genes but limited allelic polymorphism in two MHC class II A genes in Leach’s storm-petrels Oceanodroma leucorhoa
The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is critical to host-pathogen interactions. Class II MHC is a heterodimer, with α and β subunits encoded by different genes. The peptide binding groove is formed by the first domain of both subunits (α(1) and β(1)), but studies of class II variation or natur...
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7050443 2023-05-15T17:52:21+02:00 Divergence between genes but limited allelic polymorphism in two MHC class II A genes in Leach’s storm-petrels Oceanodroma leucorhoa Rand, Laura M. Woodward, Carla May, Rose Ackerman, Ross A. Tweedie, Bridget Zicarelli, T. Bruno Dearborn, Donald C. 2019-09-10 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7050443/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31506710 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00251-019-01130-z en eng http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7050443/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31506710 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00251-019-01130-z Article Text 2019 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1007/s00251-019-01130-z 2020-03-08T01:48:11Z The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is critical to host-pathogen interactions. Class II MHC is a heterodimer, with α and β subunits encoded by different genes. The peptide binding groove is formed by the first domain of both subunits (α(1) and β(1)), but studies of class II variation or natural selection focus primarily on the β subunit and II B genes. We explored MHC II A in Leach’s storm-petrel, a seabird with two expressed, polymorphic II B genes. We found two II A genes, Ocle-DAA and Ocle-DBA, in contrast to the single II A gene in chicken and duck. In exon 2 which encodes the α(1) domain, the storm-petrel II A genes differed strongly from each other but showed little within-gene polymorphism in 30 individuals: just one Ocle-DAA allele, and three Ocle-DBA alleles differing from each other by single non-synonymous substitutions. In a comparable sample, the two II B genes had nine markedly diverged alleles each. Differences between the α(1) domains of Ocle-DAA and Ocle-DBA showed signatures of positive selection, but mainly at non-peptide binding site (PBS) positions. In contrast, positive selection within and between the II B genes corresponded to putative PBS codons. Phylogenetic analysis of the conserved α(2) domain did not reveal deep or well supported lineages of II A genes in birds, in contrast to the pronounced differentiation of DQA, DPA, and DRA isotypes in mammals. This uncertain homology complicates efforts to compare levels of functional variation and modes of evolution of II A genes across taxa. Text Oceanodroma leucorhoa PubMed Central (PMC) Immunogenetics 71 8-9 561 573 |
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Article Rand, Laura M. Woodward, Carla May, Rose Ackerman, Ross A. Tweedie, Bridget Zicarelli, T. Bruno Dearborn, Donald C. Divergence between genes but limited allelic polymorphism in two MHC class II A genes in Leach’s storm-petrels Oceanodroma leucorhoa |
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The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is critical to host-pathogen interactions. Class II MHC is a heterodimer, with α and β subunits encoded by different genes. The peptide binding groove is formed by the first domain of both subunits (α(1) and β(1)), but studies of class II variation or natural selection focus primarily on the β subunit and II B genes. We explored MHC II A in Leach’s storm-petrel, a seabird with two expressed, polymorphic II B genes. We found two II A genes, Ocle-DAA and Ocle-DBA, in contrast to the single II A gene in chicken and duck. In exon 2 which encodes the α(1) domain, the storm-petrel II A genes differed strongly from each other but showed little within-gene polymorphism in 30 individuals: just one Ocle-DAA allele, and three Ocle-DBA alleles differing from each other by single non-synonymous substitutions. In a comparable sample, the two II B genes had nine markedly diverged alleles each. Differences between the α(1) domains of Ocle-DAA and Ocle-DBA showed signatures of positive selection, but mainly at non-peptide binding site (PBS) positions. In contrast, positive selection within and between the II B genes corresponded to putative PBS codons. Phylogenetic analysis of the conserved α(2) domain did not reveal deep or well supported lineages of II A genes in birds, in contrast to the pronounced differentiation of DQA, DPA, and DRA isotypes in mammals. This uncertain homology complicates efforts to compare levels of functional variation and modes of evolution of II A genes across taxa. |
format |
Text |
author |
Rand, Laura M. Woodward, Carla May, Rose Ackerman, Ross A. Tweedie, Bridget Zicarelli, T. Bruno Dearborn, Donald C. |
author_facet |
Rand, Laura M. Woodward, Carla May, Rose Ackerman, Ross A. Tweedie, Bridget Zicarelli, T. Bruno Dearborn, Donald C. |
author_sort |
Rand, Laura M. |
title |
Divergence between genes but limited allelic polymorphism in two MHC class II A genes in Leach’s storm-petrels Oceanodroma leucorhoa |
title_short |
Divergence between genes but limited allelic polymorphism in two MHC class II A genes in Leach’s storm-petrels Oceanodroma leucorhoa |
title_full |
Divergence between genes but limited allelic polymorphism in two MHC class II A genes in Leach’s storm-petrels Oceanodroma leucorhoa |
title_fullStr |
Divergence between genes but limited allelic polymorphism in two MHC class II A genes in Leach’s storm-petrels Oceanodroma leucorhoa |
title_full_unstemmed |
Divergence between genes but limited allelic polymorphism in two MHC class II A genes in Leach’s storm-petrels Oceanodroma leucorhoa |
title_sort |
divergence between genes but limited allelic polymorphism in two mhc class ii a genes in leach’s storm-petrels oceanodroma leucorhoa |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7050443/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31506710 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00251-019-01130-z |
genre |
Oceanodroma leucorhoa |
genre_facet |
Oceanodroma leucorhoa |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7050443/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31506710 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00251-019-01130-z |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00251-019-01130-z |
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Immunogenetics |
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71 |
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8-9 |
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561 |
op_container_end_page |
573 |
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1766159741865689088 |