Rates of increase in gray seal (Halichoerus grypus atlantica) pupping at recolonized sites in the United States, 1988–2019
Gray seals were historically distributed along the northeastern coast of the United States, but bounties and lack of protection reduced numbers and they were rarely observed for most of the 20th century. Once protections were enacted, the population started to rebound. Here, we describe the recoloni...
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Online Access: | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7035213/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32099265 https://doi.org/10.1093/jmammal/gyz184 |
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7035213 2023-05-15T17:45:37+02:00 Rates of increase in gray seal (Halichoerus grypus atlantica) pupping at recolonized sites in the United States, 1988–2019 Wood, Stephanie A Murray, Kimberly T Josephson, Elizabeth Gilbert, James 2020-02-21 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7035213/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32099265 https://doi.org/10.1093/jmammal/gyz184 en eng Oxford University Press http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7035213/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32099265 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jmammal/gyz184 © The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of American Society of Mammalogists. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com CC-BY-NC Feature Articles Text 2020 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1093/jmammal/gyz184 2020-03-01T01:35:50Z Gray seals were historically distributed along the northeastern coast of the United States, but bounties and lack of protection reduced numbers and they were rarely observed for most of the 20th century. Once protections were enacted, the population started to rebound. Here, we describe the recolonization and recovery of gray seals in the United States, focusing on the re-establishment of pupping sites. We fit individual generalized linear models to various time series (1988–2019) to estimate rates of increase in observed pup counts at four of the more data-rich sites. Annual rate of increase at individual sites ranged from −0.2% (95% CI: −2.3–1.9%) to 26.3% (95% CI: 21.6–31.4%). The increase in sites and number of pups born in the United States is driven by population growth and immigration from Canadian colonies and is part of a larger recovery of the Northwest Atlantic population. Wildlife protection, a healthy source population, habitat availability, and species traits that allow for dispersal and high productivity were all important factors in this recovery. Text Northwest Atlantic PubMed Central (PMC) Journal of Mammalogy 101 1 121 128 |
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Feature Articles |
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Feature Articles Wood, Stephanie A Murray, Kimberly T Josephson, Elizabeth Gilbert, James Rates of increase in gray seal (Halichoerus grypus atlantica) pupping at recolonized sites in the United States, 1988–2019 |
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Feature Articles |
description |
Gray seals were historically distributed along the northeastern coast of the United States, but bounties and lack of protection reduced numbers and they were rarely observed for most of the 20th century. Once protections were enacted, the population started to rebound. Here, we describe the recolonization and recovery of gray seals in the United States, focusing on the re-establishment of pupping sites. We fit individual generalized linear models to various time series (1988–2019) to estimate rates of increase in observed pup counts at four of the more data-rich sites. Annual rate of increase at individual sites ranged from −0.2% (95% CI: −2.3–1.9%) to 26.3% (95% CI: 21.6–31.4%). The increase in sites and number of pups born in the United States is driven by population growth and immigration from Canadian colonies and is part of a larger recovery of the Northwest Atlantic population. Wildlife protection, a healthy source population, habitat availability, and species traits that allow for dispersal and high productivity were all important factors in this recovery. |
format |
Text |
author |
Wood, Stephanie A Murray, Kimberly T Josephson, Elizabeth Gilbert, James |
author_facet |
Wood, Stephanie A Murray, Kimberly T Josephson, Elizabeth Gilbert, James |
author_sort |
Wood, Stephanie A |
title |
Rates of increase in gray seal (Halichoerus grypus atlantica) pupping at recolonized sites in the United States, 1988–2019 |
title_short |
Rates of increase in gray seal (Halichoerus grypus atlantica) pupping at recolonized sites in the United States, 1988–2019 |
title_full |
Rates of increase in gray seal (Halichoerus grypus atlantica) pupping at recolonized sites in the United States, 1988–2019 |
title_fullStr |
Rates of increase in gray seal (Halichoerus grypus atlantica) pupping at recolonized sites in the United States, 1988–2019 |
title_full_unstemmed |
Rates of increase in gray seal (Halichoerus grypus atlantica) pupping at recolonized sites in the United States, 1988–2019 |
title_sort |
rates of increase in gray seal (halichoerus grypus atlantica) pupping at recolonized sites in the united states, 1988–2019 |
publisher |
Oxford University Press |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7035213/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32099265 https://doi.org/10.1093/jmammal/gyz184 |
genre |
Northwest Atlantic |
genre_facet |
Northwest Atlantic |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7035213/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32099265 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jmammal/gyz184 |
op_rights |
© The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of American Society of Mammalogists. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com |
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CC-BY-NC |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1093/jmammal/gyz184 |
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Journal of Mammalogy |
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101 |
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1 |
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121 |
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128 |
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