Increasing intensities of Anisakis simplex third-stage larvae (L3) in Atlantic salmon of coastal waters of Scotland

BACKGROUND: Red Vent Syndrome (RVS), a haemorrhagic inflammation of the vent region in Atlantic salmon, is associated with high abundance of Anisakis simplex (s.s.) third-stage larvae (L3) in the vent region. Despite evidence suggesting that increasing A. simplex (s.s.) intensity is a causative fact...

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Published in:Parasites & Vectors
Main Authors: Kent, Alexander J., Pert, Campbell C., Briers, Robert A., Diele, Karen, Rueckert, Sonja
Format: Text
Language:English
Published: BioMed Central 2020
Subjects:
Research
Atlantic salmon
Online Access:http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7017554/
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32051019
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-020-3942-5
id ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7017554
record_format openpolar
spelling ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7017554 2023-05-15T15:29:34+02:00 Increasing intensities of Anisakis simplex third-stage larvae (L3) in Atlantic salmon of coastal waters of Scotland Kent, Alexander J. Pert, Campbell C. Briers, Robert A. Diele, Karen Rueckert, Sonja 2020-02-12 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7017554/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32051019 https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-020-3942-5 en eng BioMed Central http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7017554/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32051019 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13071-020-3942-5 © The Author(s) 2020 Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. CC0 PDM CC-BY Research Text 2020 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-020-3942-5 2020-02-23T01:26:28Z BACKGROUND: Red Vent Syndrome (RVS), a haemorrhagic inflammation of the vent region in Atlantic salmon, is associated with high abundance of Anisakis simplex (s.s.) third-stage larvae (L3) in the vent region. Despite evidence suggesting that increasing A. simplex (s.s.) intensity is a causative factor in RVS aetiology, the definitive cause remains unclear. METHODS: A total of 117 Atlantic salmon were sampled from commercial fisheries on the East, West, and North coasts of Scotland and examined for ascaridoid parasites. Genetic identification of a subsample of Anisakis larvae was performed using the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of ribosomal DNA. To assess the extent of differentiation of feeding grounds and dietary composition, stable isotope analysis of carbon and nitrogen was carried out on Atlantic salmon muscle tissue. RESULTS: In the present study, the obtained ITS rDNA sequences matched A. simplex (s.s.) sequences deposited in GenBank at 99–100%. Not all isolated larvae (n = 30,406) were genetically identified. Therefore, the morphotype found in this study is referred to as A. simplex (sensu lato). Anisakis simplex (s.l.) was the most prevalent (100%) nematode with the highest mean intensity (259.9 ± 197.3), in comparison to Hysterothylacium aduncum (66.7%, 6.4 ± 10.2) and Pseudoterranova decipiens (s.l.) (14.5%, 1.4 ± 0.6). The mean intensity of A. simplex (s.l.) represents a four-fold increase compared to published data (63.6 ± 31.9) from salmon captured in Scotland in 2009. Significant positive correlations between A. simplex (s.l.) larvae intensities from the body and the vent suggest that they play a role in the emergence of RVS. The lack of a significant variation in stable isotope ratios of Atlantic salmon indicates that diet or feeding ground are not driving regional differences in A. simplex (s.l.) intensities. CONCLUSIONS: This paper presents the most recent survey for ascaridoid parasites of wild Atlantic salmon from three coastal regions in Scotland. A significant rise in A. simplex ... Text Atlantic salmon PubMed Central (PMC) Parasites & Vectors 13 1
institution Open Polar
collection PubMed Central (PMC)
op_collection_id ftpubmed
language English
topic Research
spellingShingle Research
Kent, Alexander J.
Pert, Campbell C.
Briers, Robert A.
Diele, Karen
Rueckert, Sonja
Increasing intensities of Anisakis simplex third-stage larvae (L3) in Atlantic salmon of coastal waters of Scotland
topic_facet Research
description BACKGROUND: Red Vent Syndrome (RVS), a haemorrhagic inflammation of the vent region in Atlantic salmon, is associated with high abundance of Anisakis simplex (s.s.) third-stage larvae (L3) in the vent region. Despite evidence suggesting that increasing A. simplex (s.s.) intensity is a causative factor in RVS aetiology, the definitive cause remains unclear. METHODS: A total of 117 Atlantic salmon were sampled from commercial fisheries on the East, West, and North coasts of Scotland and examined for ascaridoid parasites. Genetic identification of a subsample of Anisakis larvae was performed using the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of ribosomal DNA. To assess the extent of differentiation of feeding grounds and dietary composition, stable isotope analysis of carbon and nitrogen was carried out on Atlantic salmon muscle tissue. RESULTS: In the present study, the obtained ITS rDNA sequences matched A. simplex (s.s.) sequences deposited in GenBank at 99–100%. Not all isolated larvae (n = 30,406) were genetically identified. Therefore, the morphotype found in this study is referred to as A. simplex (sensu lato). Anisakis simplex (s.l.) was the most prevalent (100%) nematode with the highest mean intensity (259.9 ± 197.3), in comparison to Hysterothylacium aduncum (66.7%, 6.4 ± 10.2) and Pseudoterranova decipiens (s.l.) (14.5%, 1.4 ± 0.6). The mean intensity of A. simplex (s.l.) represents a four-fold increase compared to published data (63.6 ± 31.9) from salmon captured in Scotland in 2009. Significant positive correlations between A. simplex (s.l.) larvae intensities from the body and the vent suggest that they play a role in the emergence of RVS. The lack of a significant variation in stable isotope ratios of Atlantic salmon indicates that diet or feeding ground are not driving regional differences in A. simplex (s.l.) intensities. CONCLUSIONS: This paper presents the most recent survey for ascaridoid parasites of wild Atlantic salmon from three coastal regions in Scotland. A significant rise in A. simplex ...
format Text
author Kent, Alexander J.
Pert, Campbell C.
Briers, Robert A.
Diele, Karen
Rueckert, Sonja
author_facet Kent, Alexander J.
Pert, Campbell C.
Briers, Robert A.
Diele, Karen
Rueckert, Sonja
author_sort Kent, Alexander J.
title Increasing intensities of Anisakis simplex third-stage larvae (L3) in Atlantic salmon of coastal waters of Scotland
title_short Increasing intensities of Anisakis simplex third-stage larvae (L3) in Atlantic salmon of coastal waters of Scotland
title_full Increasing intensities of Anisakis simplex third-stage larvae (L3) in Atlantic salmon of coastal waters of Scotland
title_fullStr Increasing intensities of Anisakis simplex third-stage larvae (L3) in Atlantic salmon of coastal waters of Scotland
title_full_unstemmed Increasing intensities of Anisakis simplex third-stage larvae (L3) in Atlantic salmon of coastal waters of Scotland
title_sort increasing intensities of anisakis simplex third-stage larvae (l3) in atlantic salmon of coastal waters of scotland
publisher BioMed Central
publishDate 2020
url http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7017554/
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32051019
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-020-3942-5
genre Atlantic salmon
genre_facet Atlantic salmon
op_relation http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7017554/
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32051019
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13071-020-3942-5
op_rights © The Author(s) 2020
Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
op_rightsnorm CC0
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CC-BY
op_doi https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-020-3942-5
container_title Parasites & Vectors
container_volume 13
container_issue 1
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