Differential expression of olfactory genes in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) during the parr–smolt transformation
The anadromous salmon life cycle includes two migratory events, downstream smolt migration and adult homing migration, during which they must navigate with high precision. During homing migration, olfactory cues are used for navigation in coastal and freshwater areas, and studies have suggested that...
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:6953650 2023-05-15T15:31:52+02:00 Differential expression of olfactory genes in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) during the parr–smolt transformation Madsen, Steffen S. Winther, Sara S. T. Bollinger, Rebecca J. Steiner, Ulrich Larsen, Martin H. 2019-11-28 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6953650/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31938505 https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.5845 en eng John Wiley and Sons Inc. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6953650/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31938505 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.5845 © 2019 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. CC-BY Original Research Text 2019 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.5845 2020-01-19T01:26:40Z The anadromous salmon life cycle includes two migratory events, downstream smolt migration and adult homing migration, during which they must navigate with high precision. During homing migration, olfactory cues are used for navigation in coastal and freshwater areas, and studies have suggested that the parr–smolt transformation has a sensitive period for imprinting. Accordingly, we hypothesized that there would be significant changes in gene expression in the olfactory epithelium specifically related to smoltification and sampled olfactory rosettes from hatchery‐reared upper growth modal juvenile Atlantic salmon at 3‐week intervals from January to June, using lower growth modal nonsmolting siblings as controls. A suite of olfactory receptors and receptor‐specific proteins involved in functional aspects of olfaction and peripheral odor memorization was analyzed by qPCR. Gene expression in juveniles was compared with mature adult salmon of the same genetic strain caught in the river Gudenaa. All mRNAs displayed significant variation over time in both modal groups. Furthermore, five receptor genes (olfc13.1, olfc15.1, sorb, ora2, and asor1) and four olfactory‐specific genes (soig, ependymin, gst, and omp2) were differentially regulated between modal groups, suggesting altered olfactory function during smoltification. Several genes were differentially regulated in mature salmon compared with juveniles, suggesting that homing and odor recollection involve a different set of genes than during imprinting. Thyroid hormone receptors thrα and thrβ mRNAs were elevated during smolting, suggesting increased sensitivity to thyroid hormones. Treatment of presmolts with triiodothyronine in vivo and ex vivo had, however, only subtle effects on the investigated olfactory targets, questioning the hypothesis that thyroid hormones directly regulate gene expression in the olfactory epithelium. Text Atlantic salmon Salmo salar PubMed Central (PMC) Ecology and Evolution 9 24 14085 14100 |
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Original Research Madsen, Steffen S. Winther, Sara S. T. Bollinger, Rebecca J. Steiner, Ulrich Larsen, Martin H. Differential expression of olfactory genes in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) during the parr–smolt transformation |
topic_facet |
Original Research |
description |
The anadromous salmon life cycle includes two migratory events, downstream smolt migration and adult homing migration, during which they must navigate with high precision. During homing migration, olfactory cues are used for navigation in coastal and freshwater areas, and studies have suggested that the parr–smolt transformation has a sensitive period for imprinting. Accordingly, we hypothesized that there would be significant changes in gene expression in the olfactory epithelium specifically related to smoltification and sampled olfactory rosettes from hatchery‐reared upper growth modal juvenile Atlantic salmon at 3‐week intervals from January to June, using lower growth modal nonsmolting siblings as controls. A suite of olfactory receptors and receptor‐specific proteins involved in functional aspects of olfaction and peripheral odor memorization was analyzed by qPCR. Gene expression in juveniles was compared with mature adult salmon of the same genetic strain caught in the river Gudenaa. All mRNAs displayed significant variation over time in both modal groups. Furthermore, five receptor genes (olfc13.1, olfc15.1, sorb, ora2, and asor1) and four olfactory‐specific genes (soig, ependymin, gst, and omp2) were differentially regulated between modal groups, suggesting altered olfactory function during smoltification. Several genes were differentially regulated in mature salmon compared with juveniles, suggesting that homing and odor recollection involve a different set of genes than during imprinting. Thyroid hormone receptors thrα and thrβ mRNAs were elevated during smolting, suggesting increased sensitivity to thyroid hormones. Treatment of presmolts with triiodothyronine in vivo and ex vivo had, however, only subtle effects on the investigated olfactory targets, questioning the hypothesis that thyroid hormones directly regulate gene expression in the olfactory epithelium. |
format |
Text |
author |
Madsen, Steffen S. Winther, Sara S. T. Bollinger, Rebecca J. Steiner, Ulrich Larsen, Martin H. |
author_facet |
Madsen, Steffen S. Winther, Sara S. T. Bollinger, Rebecca J. Steiner, Ulrich Larsen, Martin H. |
author_sort |
Madsen, Steffen S. |
title |
Differential expression of olfactory genes in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) during the parr–smolt transformation |
title_short |
Differential expression of olfactory genes in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) during the parr–smolt transformation |
title_full |
Differential expression of olfactory genes in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) during the parr–smolt transformation |
title_fullStr |
Differential expression of olfactory genes in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) during the parr–smolt transformation |
title_full_unstemmed |
Differential expression of olfactory genes in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) during the parr–smolt transformation |
title_sort |
differential expression of olfactory genes in atlantic salmon (salmo salar) during the parr–smolt transformation |
publisher |
John Wiley and Sons Inc. |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6953650/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31938505 https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.5845 |
genre |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
genre_facet |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6953650/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31938505 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.5845 |
op_rights |
© 2019 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.5845 |
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Ecology and Evolution |
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9 |
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24 |
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14085 |
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14100 |
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1766362370213412864 |