Distinctive microbial communities in subzero hypersaline brines from Arctic coastal sea ice and rarely sampled cryopegs
Hypersaline aqueous environments at subzero temperatures are known to be inhabited by microorganisms, yet information on community structure in subzero brines is very limited. Near Utqiaġvik, Alaska, we sampled subzero brines (–6°C, 115–140 ppt) from cryopegs, i.e. unfrozen sediments within permafro...
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:6859516 2023-05-15T15:06:30+02:00 Distinctive microbial communities in subzero hypersaline brines from Arctic coastal sea ice and rarely sampled cryopegs Cooper, Zachary S Rapp, Josephine Z Carpenter, Shelly D Iwahana, Go Eicken, Hajo Deming, Jody W 2019-10-18 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6859516/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31626297 https://doi.org/10.1093/femsec/fiz166 en eng Oxford University Press http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6859516/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31626297 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/femsec/fiz166 © FEMS 2019. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com CC-BY-NC Research Article Text 2019 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1093/femsec/fiz166 2019-11-24T01:42:33Z Hypersaline aqueous environments at subzero temperatures are known to be inhabited by microorganisms, yet information on community structure in subzero brines is very limited. Near Utqiaġvik, Alaska, we sampled subzero brines (–6°C, 115–140 ppt) from cryopegs, i.e. unfrozen sediments within permafrost that contain relic (late Pleistocene) seawater brine, as well as nearby sea-ice brines to examine microbial community composition and diversity using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. We also quantified the communities microscopically and assessed environmental parameters as possible determinants of community structure. The cryopeg brines harbored surprisingly dense bacterial communities (up to 10(8) cells mL(–1)) and millimolar levels of dissolved and particulate organic matter, extracellular polysaccharides and ammonia. Community composition and diversity differed between the two brine environments by alpha- and beta-diversity indices, with cryopeg brine communities appearing less diverse and dominated by one strain of the genus Marinobacter, also detected in other cold, hypersaline environments, including sea ice. The higher density and trend toward lower diversity in the cryopeg communities suggest that long-term stability and other features of a subzero brine are more important selective forces than in situ temperature or salinity, even when the latter are extreme. Text Arctic Ice permafrost Sea ice Alaska PubMed Central (PMC) Arctic FEMS Microbiology Ecology 95 12 |
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Research Article Cooper, Zachary S Rapp, Josephine Z Carpenter, Shelly D Iwahana, Go Eicken, Hajo Deming, Jody W Distinctive microbial communities in subzero hypersaline brines from Arctic coastal sea ice and rarely sampled cryopegs |
topic_facet |
Research Article |
description |
Hypersaline aqueous environments at subzero temperatures are known to be inhabited by microorganisms, yet information on community structure in subzero brines is very limited. Near Utqiaġvik, Alaska, we sampled subzero brines (–6°C, 115–140 ppt) from cryopegs, i.e. unfrozen sediments within permafrost that contain relic (late Pleistocene) seawater brine, as well as nearby sea-ice brines to examine microbial community composition and diversity using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. We also quantified the communities microscopically and assessed environmental parameters as possible determinants of community structure. The cryopeg brines harbored surprisingly dense bacterial communities (up to 10(8) cells mL(–1)) and millimolar levels of dissolved and particulate organic matter, extracellular polysaccharides and ammonia. Community composition and diversity differed between the two brine environments by alpha- and beta-diversity indices, with cryopeg brine communities appearing less diverse and dominated by one strain of the genus Marinobacter, also detected in other cold, hypersaline environments, including sea ice. The higher density and trend toward lower diversity in the cryopeg communities suggest that long-term stability and other features of a subzero brine are more important selective forces than in situ temperature or salinity, even when the latter are extreme. |
format |
Text |
author |
Cooper, Zachary S Rapp, Josephine Z Carpenter, Shelly D Iwahana, Go Eicken, Hajo Deming, Jody W |
author_facet |
Cooper, Zachary S Rapp, Josephine Z Carpenter, Shelly D Iwahana, Go Eicken, Hajo Deming, Jody W |
author_sort |
Cooper, Zachary S |
title |
Distinctive microbial communities in subzero hypersaline brines from Arctic coastal sea ice and rarely sampled cryopegs |
title_short |
Distinctive microbial communities in subzero hypersaline brines from Arctic coastal sea ice and rarely sampled cryopegs |
title_full |
Distinctive microbial communities in subzero hypersaline brines from Arctic coastal sea ice and rarely sampled cryopegs |
title_fullStr |
Distinctive microbial communities in subzero hypersaline brines from Arctic coastal sea ice and rarely sampled cryopegs |
title_full_unstemmed |
Distinctive microbial communities in subzero hypersaline brines from Arctic coastal sea ice and rarely sampled cryopegs |
title_sort |
distinctive microbial communities in subzero hypersaline brines from arctic coastal sea ice and rarely sampled cryopegs |
publisher |
Oxford University Press |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6859516/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31626297 https://doi.org/10.1093/femsec/fiz166 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic Ice permafrost Sea ice Alaska |
genre_facet |
Arctic Ice permafrost Sea ice Alaska |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6859516/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31626297 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/femsec/fiz166 |
op_rights |
© FEMS 2019. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY-NC |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1093/femsec/fiz166 |
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FEMS Microbiology Ecology |
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95 |
container_issue |
12 |
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1766338092762923008 |