A new varanopid synapsid from the early Permian of Oklahoma and the evolutionary stasis in this clade
Varanopids are a basal clade of small- to medium-sized non-therapsid synapsids, whose range extends from the late Pennsylvanian to the late middle Permian, and are found in North America, Russia, Europe and South Africa. The greatest varanopid diversity is observed at the fossiliferous cave deposits...
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:6837192 2023-05-15T17:12:21+02:00 A new varanopid synapsid from the early Permian of Oklahoma and the evolutionary stasis in this clade Maho, Sigi Gee, Bryan M. Reisz, Robert R. 2019-10-23 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6837192/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31824730 https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.191297 en eng The Royal Society http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6837192/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31824730 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.191297 © 2019 The Authors. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Published by the Royal Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, which permits unrestricted use, provided the original author and source are credited. CC-BY Biology (Whole Organism) Text 2019 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.191297 2019-12-15T01:14:56Z Varanopids are a basal clade of small- to medium-sized non-therapsid synapsids, whose range extends from the late Pennsylvanian to the late middle Permian, and are found in North America, Russia, Europe and South Africa. The greatest varanopid diversity is observed at the fossiliferous cave deposits near Richards Spur, Oklahoma, well known for the preservation of a complex early Permian upland community. Two previously described varanopids, Mycterosaurus and Varanops, are known only from fragmentary disarticulated material at Richards Spur. A third putative varanopid, Basicranodon fortsillensis, represented by a partial parasphenoid, has been synonymized with Mycterosaurus longiceps. This study reports on a new varanopid taxon, represented by substantially more complete material, including three nearly complete skulls. Such comprehensive cranial material allows for a detailed study of the taxon and its relationship to other varanopids. This new varanopid bears great morphological similarity to Mesenosaurus romeri from the middle Permian Mezen River Basin of northern Russia. Phylogenetic analysis recovers a sister relationship between this taxon and Me. romeri. This relationship, in conjunction with a detailed morphological comparison, supports the placement of this taxon within Mesenosaurus, as a new species, Me. efremovi. These results reveal an unexpected extension of the geographical and temporal range of Mesenosaurus, contributing to our understanding of varanopid dispersal. The extended persistence of this basal clade of predatory synapsids, underscored by the apparent evolutionary stasis of this genus, is unusual among Palaeozoic tetrapods. This phenomenon implies an exceptionally high degree of extended ecological resilience across major faunal and environmental transitions. Text Mezen Mezen' PubMed Central (PMC) Royal Society Open Science 6 10 191297 |
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Biology (Whole Organism) |
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Biology (Whole Organism) Maho, Sigi Gee, Bryan M. Reisz, Robert R. A new varanopid synapsid from the early Permian of Oklahoma and the evolutionary stasis in this clade |
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Biology (Whole Organism) |
description |
Varanopids are a basal clade of small- to medium-sized non-therapsid synapsids, whose range extends from the late Pennsylvanian to the late middle Permian, and are found in North America, Russia, Europe and South Africa. The greatest varanopid diversity is observed at the fossiliferous cave deposits near Richards Spur, Oklahoma, well known for the preservation of a complex early Permian upland community. Two previously described varanopids, Mycterosaurus and Varanops, are known only from fragmentary disarticulated material at Richards Spur. A third putative varanopid, Basicranodon fortsillensis, represented by a partial parasphenoid, has been synonymized with Mycterosaurus longiceps. This study reports on a new varanopid taxon, represented by substantially more complete material, including three nearly complete skulls. Such comprehensive cranial material allows for a detailed study of the taxon and its relationship to other varanopids. This new varanopid bears great morphological similarity to Mesenosaurus romeri from the middle Permian Mezen River Basin of northern Russia. Phylogenetic analysis recovers a sister relationship between this taxon and Me. romeri. This relationship, in conjunction with a detailed morphological comparison, supports the placement of this taxon within Mesenosaurus, as a new species, Me. efremovi. These results reveal an unexpected extension of the geographical and temporal range of Mesenosaurus, contributing to our understanding of varanopid dispersal. The extended persistence of this basal clade of predatory synapsids, underscored by the apparent evolutionary stasis of this genus, is unusual among Palaeozoic tetrapods. This phenomenon implies an exceptionally high degree of extended ecological resilience across major faunal and environmental transitions. |
format |
Text |
author |
Maho, Sigi Gee, Bryan M. Reisz, Robert R. |
author_facet |
Maho, Sigi Gee, Bryan M. Reisz, Robert R. |
author_sort |
Maho, Sigi |
title |
A new varanopid synapsid from the early Permian of Oklahoma and the evolutionary stasis in this clade |
title_short |
A new varanopid synapsid from the early Permian of Oklahoma and the evolutionary stasis in this clade |
title_full |
A new varanopid synapsid from the early Permian of Oklahoma and the evolutionary stasis in this clade |
title_fullStr |
A new varanopid synapsid from the early Permian of Oklahoma and the evolutionary stasis in this clade |
title_full_unstemmed |
A new varanopid synapsid from the early Permian of Oklahoma and the evolutionary stasis in this clade |
title_sort |
new varanopid synapsid from the early permian of oklahoma and the evolutionary stasis in this clade |
publisher |
The Royal Society |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6837192/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31824730 https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.191297 |
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Mezen Mezen' |
genre_facet |
Mezen Mezen' |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6837192/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31824730 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.191297 |
op_rights |
© 2019 The Authors. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Published by the Royal Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, which permits unrestricted use, provided the original author and source are credited. |
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CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.191297 |
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Royal Society Open Science |
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10 |
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191297 |
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