Enhanced glacial discharge from the eastern Antarctic Peninsula since the 1700s associated with a positive Southern Annular Mode
The Antarctic Peninsula Ice Sheet is currently experiencing sustained and accelerating loss of ice. Determining when these changes were initiated and identifying the main drivers is hampered by the short instrumental record (1992 to present). Here we present a 6,250 year record of glacial discharge...
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:6813350 2023-05-15T13:38:32+02:00 Enhanced glacial discharge from the eastern Antarctic Peninsula since the 1700s associated with a positive Southern Annular Mode Dickens, W. A. Kuhn, G. Leng, M. J. Graham, A. G. C. Dowdeswell, J. A. Meredith, M. P. Hillenbrand, C.-D. Hodgson, D. A. Roberts, S. J. Sloane, H. Smith, J. A. 2019-10-24 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6813350/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31649324 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-50897-4 en eng Nature Publishing Group UK http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6813350/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31649324 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-50897-4 © The Author(s) 2019 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. CC-BY Article Text 2019 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-50897-4 2019-11-03T02:01:01Z The Antarctic Peninsula Ice Sheet is currently experiencing sustained and accelerating loss of ice. Determining when these changes were initiated and identifying the main drivers is hampered by the short instrumental record (1992 to present). Here we present a 6,250 year record of glacial discharge based on the oxygen isotope composition of diatoms (δ(18)O(diatom)) from a marine core located at the north-eastern tip of the Antarctic Peninsula. We find that glacial discharge - sourced primarily from ice shelf and iceberg melting along the eastern Antarctic Peninsula – remained largely stable between ~6,250 to 1,620 cal. yr BP, with a slight increase in variability until ~720 cal. yr. BP. An increasing trend in glacial discharge occurs after 550 cal. yr BP (A.D. 1400), reaching levels unprecedented during the past 6,250 years after 244 cal. yr BP (A.D. 1706). A marked acceleration in the rate of glacial discharge is also observed in the early part of twentieth century (after A.D. 1912). Enhanced glacial discharge, particularly after the 1700s is linked to a positive Southern Annular Mode (SAM). We argue that a positive SAM drove stronger westerly winds, atmospheric warming and surface ablation on the eastern Antarctic Peninsula whilst simultaneously entraining more warm water into the Weddell Gyre, potentially increasing melting on the undersides of ice shelves. A possible implication of our data is that ice shelves in this region have been thinning for at least ~300 years, potentially predisposing them to collapse under intensified anthropogenic warming. Text Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Ice Sheet Ice Shelf Ice Shelves Iceberg* PubMed Central (PMC) Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula The Antarctic Weddell Scientific Reports 9 1 |
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Article Dickens, W. A. Kuhn, G. Leng, M. J. Graham, A. G. C. Dowdeswell, J. A. Meredith, M. P. Hillenbrand, C.-D. Hodgson, D. A. Roberts, S. J. Sloane, H. Smith, J. A. Enhanced glacial discharge from the eastern Antarctic Peninsula since the 1700s associated with a positive Southern Annular Mode |
topic_facet |
Article |
description |
The Antarctic Peninsula Ice Sheet is currently experiencing sustained and accelerating loss of ice. Determining when these changes were initiated and identifying the main drivers is hampered by the short instrumental record (1992 to present). Here we present a 6,250 year record of glacial discharge based on the oxygen isotope composition of diatoms (δ(18)O(diatom)) from a marine core located at the north-eastern tip of the Antarctic Peninsula. We find that glacial discharge - sourced primarily from ice shelf and iceberg melting along the eastern Antarctic Peninsula – remained largely stable between ~6,250 to 1,620 cal. yr BP, with a slight increase in variability until ~720 cal. yr. BP. An increasing trend in glacial discharge occurs after 550 cal. yr BP (A.D. 1400), reaching levels unprecedented during the past 6,250 years after 244 cal. yr BP (A.D. 1706). A marked acceleration in the rate of glacial discharge is also observed in the early part of twentieth century (after A.D. 1912). Enhanced glacial discharge, particularly after the 1700s is linked to a positive Southern Annular Mode (SAM). We argue that a positive SAM drove stronger westerly winds, atmospheric warming and surface ablation on the eastern Antarctic Peninsula whilst simultaneously entraining more warm water into the Weddell Gyre, potentially increasing melting on the undersides of ice shelves. A possible implication of our data is that ice shelves in this region have been thinning for at least ~300 years, potentially predisposing them to collapse under intensified anthropogenic warming. |
format |
Text |
author |
Dickens, W. A. Kuhn, G. Leng, M. J. Graham, A. G. C. Dowdeswell, J. A. Meredith, M. P. Hillenbrand, C.-D. Hodgson, D. A. Roberts, S. J. Sloane, H. Smith, J. A. |
author_facet |
Dickens, W. A. Kuhn, G. Leng, M. J. Graham, A. G. C. Dowdeswell, J. A. Meredith, M. P. Hillenbrand, C.-D. Hodgson, D. A. Roberts, S. J. Sloane, H. Smith, J. A. |
author_sort |
Dickens, W. A. |
title |
Enhanced glacial discharge from the eastern Antarctic Peninsula since the 1700s associated with a positive Southern Annular Mode |
title_short |
Enhanced glacial discharge from the eastern Antarctic Peninsula since the 1700s associated with a positive Southern Annular Mode |
title_full |
Enhanced glacial discharge from the eastern Antarctic Peninsula since the 1700s associated with a positive Southern Annular Mode |
title_fullStr |
Enhanced glacial discharge from the eastern Antarctic Peninsula since the 1700s associated with a positive Southern Annular Mode |
title_full_unstemmed |
Enhanced glacial discharge from the eastern Antarctic Peninsula since the 1700s associated with a positive Southern Annular Mode |
title_sort |
enhanced glacial discharge from the eastern antarctic peninsula since the 1700s associated with a positive southern annular mode |
publisher |
Nature Publishing Group UK |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6813350/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31649324 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-50897-4 |
geographic |
Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula The Antarctic Weddell |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula The Antarctic Weddell |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Ice Sheet Ice Shelf Ice Shelves Iceberg* |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Ice Sheet Ice Shelf Ice Shelves Iceberg* |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6813350/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31649324 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-50897-4 |
op_rights |
© The Author(s) 2019 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-50897-4 |
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Scientific Reports |
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9 |
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