Factors driving the seasonal and hourly variability of sea-spray aerosol number in the North Atlantic
Four North Atlantic Aerosol and Marine Ecosystems Study (NAAMES) field campaigns from winter 2015 through spring 2018 sampled an extensive set of oceanographic and atmospheric parameters during the annual phytoplankton bloom cycle. This unique dataset provides four seasons of open-ocean observations...
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:6789830 2023-05-15T17:31:30+02:00 Factors driving the seasonal and hourly variability of sea-spray aerosol number in the North Atlantic Saliba, Georges Chen, Chia-Li Lewis, Savannah Russell, Lynn M. Rivellini, Laura-Helena Lee, Alex K. Y. Quinn, Patricia K. Bates, Timothy S. Haëntjens, Nils Boss, Emmanuel S. Karp-Boss, Lee Baetge, Nicholas Carlson, Craig A. Behrenfeld, Michael J. 2019-10-08 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6789830/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31548411 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1907574116 en eng National Academy of Sciences http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6789830/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31548411 http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1907574116 https://www.pnas.org/site/aboutpnas/licenses.xhtmlPublished under the PNAS license (https://www.pnas.org/site/aboutpnas/licenses.xhtml) . Physical Sciences Text 2019 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1907574116 2020-03-29T01:15:43Z Four North Atlantic Aerosol and Marine Ecosystems Study (NAAMES) field campaigns from winter 2015 through spring 2018 sampled an extensive set of oceanographic and atmospheric parameters during the annual phytoplankton bloom cycle. This unique dataset provides four seasons of open-ocean observations of wind speed, sea surface temperature (SST), seawater particle attenuation at 660 nm (c(p,660), a measure of ocean particulate organic carbon), bacterial production rates, and sea-spray aerosol size distributions and number concentrations (N(SSA)). The NAAMES measurements show moderate to strong correlations (0.56 < R < 0.70) between N(SSA) and local wind speeds in the marine boundary layer on hourly timescales, but this relationship weakens in the campaign averages that represent each season, in part because of the reduction in range of wind speed by multiday averaging. N(SSA) correlates weakly with seawater c(p,660) (R = 0.36, P << 0.01), but the correlation with c(p,660), is improved (R = 0.51, P < 0.05) for periods of low wind speeds. In addition, NAAMES measurements provide observational dependence of SSA mode diameter (d(m)) on SST, with d(m) increasing to larger sizes at higher SST (R = 0.60, P << 0.01) on hourly timescales. These results imply that climate models using bimodal SSA parameterizations to wind speed rather than a single SSA mode that varies with SST may overestimate SSA number concentrations (hence cloud condensation nuclei) by a factor of 4 to 7 and may underestimate SSA scattering (hence direct radiative effects) by a factor of 2 to 5, in addition to overpredicting variability in SSA scattering from wind speed by a factor of 5. Text North Atlantic PubMed Central (PMC) Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116 41 20309 20314 |
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Physical Sciences Saliba, Georges Chen, Chia-Li Lewis, Savannah Russell, Lynn M. Rivellini, Laura-Helena Lee, Alex K. Y. Quinn, Patricia K. Bates, Timothy S. Haëntjens, Nils Boss, Emmanuel S. Karp-Boss, Lee Baetge, Nicholas Carlson, Craig A. Behrenfeld, Michael J. Factors driving the seasonal and hourly variability of sea-spray aerosol number in the North Atlantic |
topic_facet |
Physical Sciences |
description |
Four North Atlantic Aerosol and Marine Ecosystems Study (NAAMES) field campaigns from winter 2015 through spring 2018 sampled an extensive set of oceanographic and atmospheric parameters during the annual phytoplankton bloom cycle. This unique dataset provides four seasons of open-ocean observations of wind speed, sea surface temperature (SST), seawater particle attenuation at 660 nm (c(p,660), a measure of ocean particulate organic carbon), bacterial production rates, and sea-spray aerosol size distributions and number concentrations (N(SSA)). The NAAMES measurements show moderate to strong correlations (0.56 < R < 0.70) between N(SSA) and local wind speeds in the marine boundary layer on hourly timescales, but this relationship weakens in the campaign averages that represent each season, in part because of the reduction in range of wind speed by multiday averaging. N(SSA) correlates weakly with seawater c(p,660) (R = 0.36, P << 0.01), but the correlation with c(p,660), is improved (R = 0.51, P < 0.05) for periods of low wind speeds. In addition, NAAMES measurements provide observational dependence of SSA mode diameter (d(m)) on SST, with d(m) increasing to larger sizes at higher SST (R = 0.60, P << 0.01) on hourly timescales. These results imply that climate models using bimodal SSA parameterizations to wind speed rather than a single SSA mode that varies with SST may overestimate SSA number concentrations (hence cloud condensation nuclei) by a factor of 4 to 7 and may underestimate SSA scattering (hence direct radiative effects) by a factor of 2 to 5, in addition to overpredicting variability in SSA scattering from wind speed by a factor of 5. |
format |
Text |
author |
Saliba, Georges Chen, Chia-Li Lewis, Savannah Russell, Lynn M. Rivellini, Laura-Helena Lee, Alex K. Y. Quinn, Patricia K. Bates, Timothy S. Haëntjens, Nils Boss, Emmanuel S. Karp-Boss, Lee Baetge, Nicholas Carlson, Craig A. Behrenfeld, Michael J. |
author_facet |
Saliba, Georges Chen, Chia-Li Lewis, Savannah Russell, Lynn M. Rivellini, Laura-Helena Lee, Alex K. Y. Quinn, Patricia K. Bates, Timothy S. Haëntjens, Nils Boss, Emmanuel S. Karp-Boss, Lee Baetge, Nicholas Carlson, Craig A. Behrenfeld, Michael J. |
author_sort |
Saliba, Georges |
title |
Factors driving the seasonal and hourly variability of sea-spray aerosol number in the North Atlantic |
title_short |
Factors driving the seasonal and hourly variability of sea-spray aerosol number in the North Atlantic |
title_full |
Factors driving the seasonal and hourly variability of sea-spray aerosol number in the North Atlantic |
title_fullStr |
Factors driving the seasonal and hourly variability of sea-spray aerosol number in the North Atlantic |
title_full_unstemmed |
Factors driving the seasonal and hourly variability of sea-spray aerosol number in the North Atlantic |
title_sort |
factors driving the seasonal and hourly variability of sea-spray aerosol number in the north atlantic |
publisher |
National Academy of Sciences |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6789830/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31548411 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1907574116 |
genre |
North Atlantic |
genre_facet |
North Atlantic |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6789830/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31548411 http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1907574116 |
op_rights |
https://www.pnas.org/site/aboutpnas/licenses.xhtmlPublished under the PNAS license (https://www.pnas.org/site/aboutpnas/licenses.xhtml) . |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1907574116 |
container_title |
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences |
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116 |
container_issue |
41 |
container_start_page |
20309 |
op_container_end_page |
20314 |
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1766129138858459136 |