Arctic marine fungi: biomass, functional genes, and putative ecological roles
Recent molecular evidence suggests a global distribution of marine fungi; however, the ecological relevance and corresponding biological contributions of fungi to marine ecosystems remains largely unknown. We assessed fungal biomass from the open Arctic Ocean by applying novel biomass conversion fac...
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:6775997 2023-05-15T14:59:14+02:00 Arctic marine fungi: biomass, functional genes, and putative ecological roles Hassett, B. T Borrego, E. J. Vonnahme, T. R. Rämä, T. Kolomiets, M. V. Gradinger, R. 2019-02-11 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6775997/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30745572 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41396-019-0368-1 en eng Nature Publishing Group UK http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6775997/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30745572 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41396-019-0368-1 © International Society for Microbial Ecology 2019 ISME J Article Text 2019 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1038/s41396-019-0368-1 2020-06-07T00:26:52Z Recent molecular evidence suggests a global distribution of marine fungi; however, the ecological relevance and corresponding biological contributions of fungi to marine ecosystems remains largely unknown. We assessed fungal biomass from the open Arctic Ocean by applying novel biomass conversion factors from cultured isolates to environmental sterol and CARD-FISH data. We found an average of 16.54 nmol m(−3) of ergosterol in sea ice and seawater, which corresponds to 1.74 mg C m(−3) (444.56 mg C m(−2) in seawater). Using Chytridiomycota-specific probes, we observed free-living and particulate-attached cells that averaged 34.07 µg C m(−3) in sea ice and seawater (11.66 mg C m(−2) in seawater). Summed CARD-FISH and ergosterol values approximate 1.77 mg C m(−3) in sea ice and seawater (456.23 mg C m(−2) in seawater), which is similar to biomass estimates of other marine taxa generally considered integral to marine food webs and ecosystem processes. Using the GeoChip microarray, we detected evidence for fungal viruses within the Partitiviridae in sediment, as well as fungal genes involved in the degradation of biomass and the assimilation of nitrate. To bridge our observations of fungi on particulate and the detection of degradative genes, we germinated fungal conidia in zooplankton fecal pellets and germinated fungal conidia after 8 months incubation in sterile seawater. Ultimately, these data suggest that fungi could be as important in oceanic ecosystems as they are in freshwater environments. Text Arctic Arctic Ocean Sea ice Zooplankton PubMed Central (PMC) Arctic Arctic Ocean The ISME Journal 13 6 1484 1496 |
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Article Hassett, B. T Borrego, E. J. Vonnahme, T. R. Rämä, T. Kolomiets, M. V. Gradinger, R. Arctic marine fungi: biomass, functional genes, and putative ecological roles |
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Article |
description |
Recent molecular evidence suggests a global distribution of marine fungi; however, the ecological relevance and corresponding biological contributions of fungi to marine ecosystems remains largely unknown. We assessed fungal biomass from the open Arctic Ocean by applying novel biomass conversion factors from cultured isolates to environmental sterol and CARD-FISH data. We found an average of 16.54 nmol m(−3) of ergosterol in sea ice and seawater, which corresponds to 1.74 mg C m(−3) (444.56 mg C m(−2) in seawater). Using Chytridiomycota-specific probes, we observed free-living and particulate-attached cells that averaged 34.07 µg C m(−3) in sea ice and seawater (11.66 mg C m(−2) in seawater). Summed CARD-FISH and ergosterol values approximate 1.77 mg C m(−3) in sea ice and seawater (456.23 mg C m(−2) in seawater), which is similar to biomass estimates of other marine taxa generally considered integral to marine food webs and ecosystem processes. Using the GeoChip microarray, we detected evidence for fungal viruses within the Partitiviridae in sediment, as well as fungal genes involved in the degradation of biomass and the assimilation of nitrate. To bridge our observations of fungi on particulate and the detection of degradative genes, we germinated fungal conidia in zooplankton fecal pellets and germinated fungal conidia after 8 months incubation in sterile seawater. Ultimately, these data suggest that fungi could be as important in oceanic ecosystems as they are in freshwater environments. |
format |
Text |
author |
Hassett, B. T Borrego, E. J. Vonnahme, T. R. Rämä, T. Kolomiets, M. V. Gradinger, R. |
author_facet |
Hassett, B. T Borrego, E. J. Vonnahme, T. R. Rämä, T. Kolomiets, M. V. Gradinger, R. |
author_sort |
Hassett, B. T |
title |
Arctic marine fungi: biomass, functional genes, and putative ecological roles |
title_short |
Arctic marine fungi: biomass, functional genes, and putative ecological roles |
title_full |
Arctic marine fungi: biomass, functional genes, and putative ecological roles |
title_fullStr |
Arctic marine fungi: biomass, functional genes, and putative ecological roles |
title_full_unstemmed |
Arctic marine fungi: biomass, functional genes, and putative ecological roles |
title_sort |
arctic marine fungi: biomass, functional genes, and putative ecological roles |
publisher |
Nature Publishing Group UK |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6775997/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30745572 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41396-019-0368-1 |
geographic |
Arctic Arctic Ocean |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean |
genre |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Sea ice Zooplankton |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Sea ice Zooplankton |
op_source |
ISME J |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6775997/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30745572 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41396-019-0368-1 |
op_rights |
© International Society for Microbial Ecology 2019 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41396-019-0368-1 |
container_title |
The ISME Journal |
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13 |
container_issue |
6 |
container_start_page |
1484 |
op_container_end_page |
1496 |
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1766331351120740352 |