An evolutionary divergent pestivirus lacking the N(pro) gene systemically infects a whale species
Pestiviruses typically infect members of the order Artiodactyla, including ruminants and pigs, although putative rat and bat pestiviruses have also been described. In the present study, we identified and characterized an evolutionary divergent pestivirus in the toothed whale species, harbour porpois...
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:6758615 2023-05-15T16:33:25+02:00 An evolutionary divergent pestivirus lacking the N(pro) gene systemically infects a whale species Jo, Wendy K. van Elk, Cornelis van de Bildt, Marco van Run, Peter Petry, Monique Jesse, Sonja T. Jung, Klaus Ludlow, Martin Kuiken, Thijs Osterhaus, Albert 2019-09-17 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6758615/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31526243 https://doi.org/10.1080/22221751.2019.1664940 en eng Taylor & Francis http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6758615/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31526243 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/22221751.2019.1664940 © 2019 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group, on behalf of Shanghai Shangyixun Cultural Communication Co., Ltd http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. CC-BY Article Text 2019 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1080/22221751.2019.1664940 2019-10-13T00:13:59Z Pestiviruses typically infect members of the order Artiodactyla, including ruminants and pigs, although putative rat and bat pestiviruses have also been described. In the present study, we identified and characterized an evolutionary divergent pestivirus in the toothed whale species, harbour porpoise (Phocoena phocoena). We tentatively named the virus Phocoena pestivirus (PhoPeV). PhoPeV displays a typical pestivirus genome organization except for the unique absence of N(pro), an N-terminal autoprotease that targets the innate host immune response. Evolutionary evidence indicates that PhoPeV emerged following an interspecies transmission event from an ancestral pestivirus that expressed N(pro). We show that 9% (n = 10) of stranded porpoises from the Dutch North Sea coast (n = 112) were positive for PhoPeV and they displayed a systemic infection reminiscent of non-cytopathogenic persistent pestivirus infection. The identification of PhoPeV extends the host range of pestiviruses to cetaceans (dolphins, whales, porpoises), which are considered to have evolved from artiodactyls (even-toed ungulates). Elucidation of the pathophysiology of PhoPeV infection and N(pro) unique absence will add to our understanding of molecular mechanisms governing pestivirus pathogenesis. Text Harbour porpoise Phocoena phocoena toothed whale PubMed Central (PMC) Emerging Microbes & Infections 8 1 1383 1392 |
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Article Jo, Wendy K. van Elk, Cornelis van de Bildt, Marco van Run, Peter Petry, Monique Jesse, Sonja T. Jung, Klaus Ludlow, Martin Kuiken, Thijs Osterhaus, Albert An evolutionary divergent pestivirus lacking the N(pro) gene systemically infects a whale species |
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description |
Pestiviruses typically infect members of the order Artiodactyla, including ruminants and pigs, although putative rat and bat pestiviruses have also been described. In the present study, we identified and characterized an evolutionary divergent pestivirus in the toothed whale species, harbour porpoise (Phocoena phocoena). We tentatively named the virus Phocoena pestivirus (PhoPeV). PhoPeV displays a typical pestivirus genome organization except for the unique absence of N(pro), an N-terminal autoprotease that targets the innate host immune response. Evolutionary evidence indicates that PhoPeV emerged following an interspecies transmission event from an ancestral pestivirus that expressed N(pro). We show that 9% (n = 10) of stranded porpoises from the Dutch North Sea coast (n = 112) were positive for PhoPeV and they displayed a systemic infection reminiscent of non-cytopathogenic persistent pestivirus infection. The identification of PhoPeV extends the host range of pestiviruses to cetaceans (dolphins, whales, porpoises), which are considered to have evolved from artiodactyls (even-toed ungulates). Elucidation of the pathophysiology of PhoPeV infection and N(pro) unique absence will add to our understanding of molecular mechanisms governing pestivirus pathogenesis. |
format |
Text |
author |
Jo, Wendy K. van Elk, Cornelis van de Bildt, Marco van Run, Peter Petry, Monique Jesse, Sonja T. Jung, Klaus Ludlow, Martin Kuiken, Thijs Osterhaus, Albert |
author_facet |
Jo, Wendy K. van Elk, Cornelis van de Bildt, Marco van Run, Peter Petry, Monique Jesse, Sonja T. Jung, Klaus Ludlow, Martin Kuiken, Thijs Osterhaus, Albert |
author_sort |
Jo, Wendy K. |
title |
An evolutionary divergent pestivirus lacking the N(pro) gene systemically infects a whale species |
title_short |
An evolutionary divergent pestivirus lacking the N(pro) gene systemically infects a whale species |
title_full |
An evolutionary divergent pestivirus lacking the N(pro) gene systemically infects a whale species |
title_fullStr |
An evolutionary divergent pestivirus lacking the N(pro) gene systemically infects a whale species |
title_full_unstemmed |
An evolutionary divergent pestivirus lacking the N(pro) gene systemically infects a whale species |
title_sort |
evolutionary divergent pestivirus lacking the n(pro) gene systemically infects a whale species |
publisher |
Taylor & Francis |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6758615/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31526243 https://doi.org/10.1080/22221751.2019.1664940 |
genre |
Harbour porpoise Phocoena phocoena toothed whale |
genre_facet |
Harbour porpoise Phocoena phocoena toothed whale |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6758615/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31526243 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/22221751.2019.1664940 |
op_rights |
© 2019 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group, on behalf of Shanghai Shangyixun Cultural Communication Co., Ltd http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1080/22221751.2019.1664940 |
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Emerging Microbes & Infections |
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8 |
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1 |
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1383 |
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1392 |
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