A newly discovered radiation of endoparasitic gastropods and their coevolution with asteroid hosts in Antarctica
BACKGROUND: Marine invertebrates are abundant and diverse on the continental shelf in Antarctica, but little is known about their parasitic counterparts. Endoparasites are especially understudied because they often possess highly modified body plans that pose problems for their identification. Aster...
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:6749685 2023-05-15T13:38:01+02:00 A newly discovered radiation of endoparasitic gastropods and their coevolution with asteroid hosts in Antarctica Layton, Kara K. S. Rouse, Greg W. Wilson, Nerida G. 2019-09-18 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6749685/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31533610 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12862-019-1499-8 en eng BioMed Central http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6749685/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31533610 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12862-019-1499-8 © The Author(s). 2019 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. CC0 PDM CC-BY Research Article Text 2019 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1186/s12862-019-1499-8 2019-09-29T00:19:37Z BACKGROUND: Marine invertebrates are abundant and diverse on the continental shelf in Antarctica, but little is known about their parasitic counterparts. Endoparasites are especially understudied because they often possess highly modified body plans that pose problems for their identification. Asterophila, a genus of endoparasitic gastropod in the family Eulimidae, forms cysts in the arms and central discs of asteroid sea stars. There are currently four known species in this genus, one of which has been described from the Antarctic Peninsula (A. perknasteri). This study employs molecular and morphological data to investigate the diversity of Asterophila in Antarctica and explore cophylogenetic patterns between host and parasite. RESULTS: A maximum-likelihood phylogeny of Asterophila and subsequent species-delimitation analysis uncovered nine well-supported putative species, eight of which are new to science. Most Asterophila species were found on a single host species, but four species were found on multiple hosts from one or two closely related genera, showing phylogenetic conservatism of host use. Both distance-based and event-based cophylogenetic analyses uncovered a strong signal of coevolution in this system, but most associations were explained by non-cospeciation events. DISCUSSION: The prevalence of duplication and host-switching events in Asterophila and its asteroid hosts suggests that synchronous evolution may be rare even in obligate endoparasitic systems. The apparent restricted distribution of Asterophila from around the Scotia Arc may be an artefact of concentrated sampling in the area and a low obvious prevalence of infection. Given the richness of parasites on a global scale, their role in promoting host diversification, and the threat of their loss through coextinction, future work should continue to investigate parasite diversity and coevolution in vulnerable ecosystems. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (10.1186/s12862-019-1499-8) contains supplementary ... Text Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Antarctica PubMed Central (PMC) Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula The Antarctic BMC Evolutionary Biology 19 1 |
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Research Article Layton, Kara K. S. Rouse, Greg W. Wilson, Nerida G. A newly discovered radiation of endoparasitic gastropods and their coevolution with asteroid hosts in Antarctica |
topic_facet |
Research Article |
description |
BACKGROUND: Marine invertebrates are abundant and diverse on the continental shelf in Antarctica, but little is known about their parasitic counterparts. Endoparasites are especially understudied because they often possess highly modified body plans that pose problems for their identification. Asterophila, a genus of endoparasitic gastropod in the family Eulimidae, forms cysts in the arms and central discs of asteroid sea stars. There are currently four known species in this genus, one of which has been described from the Antarctic Peninsula (A. perknasteri). This study employs molecular and morphological data to investigate the diversity of Asterophila in Antarctica and explore cophylogenetic patterns between host and parasite. RESULTS: A maximum-likelihood phylogeny of Asterophila and subsequent species-delimitation analysis uncovered nine well-supported putative species, eight of which are new to science. Most Asterophila species were found on a single host species, but four species were found on multiple hosts from one or two closely related genera, showing phylogenetic conservatism of host use. Both distance-based and event-based cophylogenetic analyses uncovered a strong signal of coevolution in this system, but most associations were explained by non-cospeciation events. DISCUSSION: The prevalence of duplication and host-switching events in Asterophila and its asteroid hosts suggests that synchronous evolution may be rare even in obligate endoparasitic systems. The apparent restricted distribution of Asterophila from around the Scotia Arc may be an artefact of concentrated sampling in the area and a low obvious prevalence of infection. Given the richness of parasites on a global scale, their role in promoting host diversification, and the threat of their loss through coextinction, future work should continue to investigate parasite diversity and coevolution in vulnerable ecosystems. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (10.1186/s12862-019-1499-8) contains supplementary ... |
format |
Text |
author |
Layton, Kara K. S. Rouse, Greg W. Wilson, Nerida G. |
author_facet |
Layton, Kara K. S. Rouse, Greg W. Wilson, Nerida G. |
author_sort |
Layton, Kara K. S. |
title |
A newly discovered radiation of endoparasitic gastropods and their coevolution with asteroid hosts in Antarctica |
title_short |
A newly discovered radiation of endoparasitic gastropods and their coevolution with asteroid hosts in Antarctica |
title_full |
A newly discovered radiation of endoparasitic gastropods and their coevolution with asteroid hosts in Antarctica |
title_fullStr |
A newly discovered radiation of endoparasitic gastropods and their coevolution with asteroid hosts in Antarctica |
title_full_unstemmed |
A newly discovered radiation of endoparasitic gastropods and their coevolution with asteroid hosts in Antarctica |
title_sort |
newly discovered radiation of endoparasitic gastropods and their coevolution with asteroid hosts in antarctica |
publisher |
BioMed Central |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6749685/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31533610 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12862-019-1499-8 |
geographic |
Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula The Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula The Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Antarctica |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Antarctica |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6749685/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31533610 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12862-019-1499-8 |
op_rights |
© The Author(s). 2019 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
op_rightsnorm |
CC0 PDM CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12862-019-1499-8 |
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BMC Evolutionary Biology |
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19 |
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1 |
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1766100591335964672 |