A unique ~12 ka subaerial record of rift-transform triple-junction tectonics, NE Iceland
In northern Iceland the European-North American plate boundary is broad and complex but includes a remarkable subaerial triple-junction intersection between the Husavik-Flatey Fault (HFF) dextral transform and rifting in the Northern Volcanic Zone. Fortuitously, the triple junction occurs in a sheet...
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:6609723 2023-05-15T16:47:58+02:00 A unique ~12 ka subaerial record of rift-transform triple-junction tectonics, NE Iceland Rust, Derek Whitworth, Malcolm 2019-07-04 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6609723/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31273240 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-45903-8 en eng Nature Publishing Group UK http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6609723/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31273240 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-45903-8 © The Author(s) 2019 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. CC-BY Article Text 2019 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-45903-8 2019-07-21T00:18:56Z In northern Iceland the European-North American plate boundary is broad and complex but includes a remarkable subaerial triple-junction intersection between the Husavik-Flatey Fault (HFF) dextral transform and rifting in the Northern Volcanic Zone. Fortuitously, the triple junction occurs in a sheet of ~12 ka pahoehoe lavas; a tabula rasa recording innumerable fault features displayed in exquisite detail. High-resolution drone imagery, coupled with 120 field measurements of fault slip directions and opening amounts, made possible the mapping and analysis of this detail and, importantly, enabled recognition and exclusion of potentially misleading primary deformation features associated with emplacement of the lavas. Rift-transform interactions in this natural laboratory have remained spatially stable throughout post-glacial time, although with transform-affinity faults reactivated to accommodate rift extension and transform ‘encroachment’ into the rift domain. First-order en-echelon Riedel fault complexes are recognised, linked by transpressional faulting and compressional strike-slip relay ramps, as well as second-order R shears, R’ and P shears, and previously undescribed R’ Riedel-in-Riedel relationships. A pahoehoe flow front offset along a first-order Riedel fault complex records slip at ~3.8 mm a(−1), which may be consistent with the published GPS-based current slip-rate estimate of ~6.8 mm a(−1) across the HFF as a whole. Text Iceland Flatey PubMed Central (PMC) Husavik ENVELOPE(-17.345,-17.345,66.046,66.046) Scientific Reports 9 1 |
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Article Rust, Derek Whitworth, Malcolm A unique ~12 ka subaerial record of rift-transform triple-junction tectonics, NE Iceland |
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description |
In northern Iceland the European-North American plate boundary is broad and complex but includes a remarkable subaerial triple-junction intersection between the Husavik-Flatey Fault (HFF) dextral transform and rifting in the Northern Volcanic Zone. Fortuitously, the triple junction occurs in a sheet of ~12 ka pahoehoe lavas; a tabula rasa recording innumerable fault features displayed in exquisite detail. High-resolution drone imagery, coupled with 120 field measurements of fault slip directions and opening amounts, made possible the mapping and analysis of this detail and, importantly, enabled recognition and exclusion of potentially misleading primary deformation features associated with emplacement of the lavas. Rift-transform interactions in this natural laboratory have remained spatially stable throughout post-glacial time, although with transform-affinity faults reactivated to accommodate rift extension and transform ‘encroachment’ into the rift domain. First-order en-echelon Riedel fault complexes are recognised, linked by transpressional faulting and compressional strike-slip relay ramps, as well as second-order R shears, R’ and P shears, and previously undescribed R’ Riedel-in-Riedel relationships. A pahoehoe flow front offset along a first-order Riedel fault complex records slip at ~3.8 mm a(−1), which may be consistent with the published GPS-based current slip-rate estimate of ~6.8 mm a(−1) across the HFF as a whole. |
format |
Text |
author |
Rust, Derek Whitworth, Malcolm |
author_facet |
Rust, Derek Whitworth, Malcolm |
author_sort |
Rust, Derek |
title |
A unique ~12 ka subaerial record of rift-transform triple-junction tectonics, NE Iceland |
title_short |
A unique ~12 ka subaerial record of rift-transform triple-junction tectonics, NE Iceland |
title_full |
A unique ~12 ka subaerial record of rift-transform triple-junction tectonics, NE Iceland |
title_fullStr |
A unique ~12 ka subaerial record of rift-transform triple-junction tectonics, NE Iceland |
title_full_unstemmed |
A unique ~12 ka subaerial record of rift-transform triple-junction tectonics, NE Iceland |
title_sort |
unique ~12 ka subaerial record of rift-transform triple-junction tectonics, ne iceland |
publisher |
Nature Publishing Group UK |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6609723/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31273240 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-45903-8 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-17.345,-17.345,66.046,66.046) |
geographic |
Husavik |
geographic_facet |
Husavik |
genre |
Iceland Flatey |
genre_facet |
Iceland Flatey |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6609723/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31273240 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-45903-8 |
op_rights |
© The Author(s) 2019 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-45903-8 |
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Scientific Reports |
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