Volcanically Triggered Ocean Warming Near the Antarctic Peninsula
Explosive volcanic eruptions are the largest non-anthropogenic perturbations for Earth’s climate, because of the injection of sulfate aerosols into the stratosphere. This causes significant radiation imbalances, resulting in surface cooling for most of the globe. However, despite its crucial importa...
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:6603043 2023-05-15T13:46:29+02:00 Volcanically Triggered Ocean Warming Near the Antarctic Peninsula Verona, L. S. Wainer, I. Stevenson, S. 2019-07-01 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6603043/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31263174 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-45190-3 en eng Nature Publishing Group UK http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6603043/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31263174 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-45190-3 © The Author(s) 2019 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. CC-BY Article Text 2019 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-45190-3 2019-07-21T00:15:39Z Explosive volcanic eruptions are the largest non-anthropogenic perturbations for Earth’s climate, because of the injection of sulfate aerosols into the stratosphere. This causes significant radiation imbalances, resulting in surface cooling for most of the globe. However, despite its crucial importance for Antarctic ice sheet mass balance, the response of the Southern Ocean to eruptions has yet to be understood. After the eruption of Mt. Pinatubo in 1991, much of the Southern Ocean cooled; however, off the Antarctic Peninsula a warming of up to 0.8 °C is found in the observations. To understand the physical mechanisms associated with this counter-intuitive response, we combine observational analysis from the Mt. Pinatubo eruption with the Last Millennium Ensemble (850–1850) conducted with the Community Earth System Model. These results show not only that the observed warming off the Peninsula following the Mt. Pinatubo eruption is consistent with the forced response to low-latitude eruptions but further, that this warming is a response to roughly 16% weakening of subsurface Weddell Gyre outflow. These changes are triggered by a southward shift of the Southern Hemisphere polar westerlies (∼2°latitude). Our results suggest that warming induced by future volcanic eruptions may further enhance the vulnerability of the ice shelves off the Antarctic Peninsula. Text Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Ice Sheet Ice Shelves Southern Ocean PubMed Central (PMC) Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Southern Ocean The Antarctic Weddell Scientific Reports 9 1 |
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Article Verona, L. S. Wainer, I. Stevenson, S. Volcanically Triggered Ocean Warming Near the Antarctic Peninsula |
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Explosive volcanic eruptions are the largest non-anthropogenic perturbations for Earth’s climate, because of the injection of sulfate aerosols into the stratosphere. This causes significant radiation imbalances, resulting in surface cooling for most of the globe. However, despite its crucial importance for Antarctic ice sheet mass balance, the response of the Southern Ocean to eruptions has yet to be understood. After the eruption of Mt. Pinatubo in 1991, much of the Southern Ocean cooled; however, off the Antarctic Peninsula a warming of up to 0.8 °C is found in the observations. To understand the physical mechanisms associated with this counter-intuitive response, we combine observational analysis from the Mt. Pinatubo eruption with the Last Millennium Ensemble (850–1850) conducted with the Community Earth System Model. These results show not only that the observed warming off the Peninsula following the Mt. Pinatubo eruption is consistent with the forced response to low-latitude eruptions but further, that this warming is a response to roughly 16% weakening of subsurface Weddell Gyre outflow. These changes are triggered by a southward shift of the Southern Hemisphere polar westerlies (∼2°latitude). Our results suggest that warming induced by future volcanic eruptions may further enhance the vulnerability of the ice shelves off the Antarctic Peninsula. |
format |
Text |
author |
Verona, L. S. Wainer, I. Stevenson, S. |
author_facet |
Verona, L. S. Wainer, I. Stevenson, S. |
author_sort |
Verona, L. S. |
title |
Volcanically Triggered Ocean Warming Near the Antarctic Peninsula |
title_short |
Volcanically Triggered Ocean Warming Near the Antarctic Peninsula |
title_full |
Volcanically Triggered Ocean Warming Near the Antarctic Peninsula |
title_fullStr |
Volcanically Triggered Ocean Warming Near the Antarctic Peninsula |
title_full_unstemmed |
Volcanically Triggered Ocean Warming Near the Antarctic Peninsula |
title_sort |
volcanically triggered ocean warming near the antarctic peninsula |
publisher |
Nature Publishing Group UK |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6603043/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31263174 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-45190-3 |
geographic |
Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Southern Ocean The Antarctic Weddell |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Southern Ocean The Antarctic Weddell |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Ice Sheet Ice Shelves Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Ice Sheet Ice Shelves Southern Ocean |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6603043/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31263174 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-45190-3 |
op_rights |
© The Author(s) 2019 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-45190-3 |
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Scientific Reports |
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