Non‐trophic impacts from white sharks complicate population recovery for sea otters
Complex interactions between protected populations may challenge the recovery of whole ecosystems. In California, white sharks (Carcharodon carcharias) mistargeting southern sea otters (Enhydra lutris nereis) are an emergent impact to sea otter recovery, inhibiting the broader ecosystem restoration...
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:6580303 2023-05-15T16:05:17+02:00 Non‐trophic impacts from white sharks complicate population recovery for sea otters Moxley, Jerry H. Nicholson, Teri E. Van Houtan, Kyle S. Jorgensen, Salvador J. 2019-04-30 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6580303/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31236228 https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.5209 en eng John Wiley and Sons Inc. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6580303/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31236228 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.5209 © 2019 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. CC-BY Original Research Text 2019 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.5209 2019-06-30T01:00:45Z Complex interactions between protected populations may challenge the recovery of whole ecosystems. In California, white sharks (Carcharodon carcharias) mistargeting southern sea otters (Enhydra lutris nereis) are an emergent impact to sea otter recovery, inhibiting the broader ecosystem restoration sea otters might provide. Here, we integrate and analyze tracking and stranding data to compare the phenology of interactions between white sharks and their targeted prey (elephant seals, Mirounga angustirostris) with those of mistargeted prey (sea otters, humans). Pronounced seasonal peaks in shark bites to otters and humans overlap in the late boreal summer, immediately before the annual adult white shark migration to elephant seal rookeries. From 1997 to 2017, the seasonal period when sharks bite otters expanded from 2 to 8 months of the year and occurred primarily in regions where kelp cover declined. Immature and male otters, demographics most associated with range expansion, were disproportionately impacted. While sea otters are understood to play a keystone role in kelp forests, recent ecosystem shifts are revealing unprecedented bottom‐up and top‐down interactions. Such shifts challenge ecosystem management programs that rely on static models of species interactions. Text Elephant Seal Elephant Seals PubMed Central (PMC) Ecology and Evolution 9 11 6378 6388 |
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Original Research Moxley, Jerry H. Nicholson, Teri E. Van Houtan, Kyle S. Jorgensen, Salvador J. Non‐trophic impacts from white sharks complicate population recovery for sea otters |
topic_facet |
Original Research |
description |
Complex interactions between protected populations may challenge the recovery of whole ecosystems. In California, white sharks (Carcharodon carcharias) mistargeting southern sea otters (Enhydra lutris nereis) are an emergent impact to sea otter recovery, inhibiting the broader ecosystem restoration sea otters might provide. Here, we integrate and analyze tracking and stranding data to compare the phenology of interactions between white sharks and their targeted prey (elephant seals, Mirounga angustirostris) with those of mistargeted prey (sea otters, humans). Pronounced seasonal peaks in shark bites to otters and humans overlap in the late boreal summer, immediately before the annual adult white shark migration to elephant seal rookeries. From 1997 to 2017, the seasonal period when sharks bite otters expanded from 2 to 8 months of the year and occurred primarily in regions where kelp cover declined. Immature and male otters, demographics most associated with range expansion, were disproportionately impacted. While sea otters are understood to play a keystone role in kelp forests, recent ecosystem shifts are revealing unprecedented bottom‐up and top‐down interactions. Such shifts challenge ecosystem management programs that rely on static models of species interactions. |
format |
Text |
author |
Moxley, Jerry H. Nicholson, Teri E. Van Houtan, Kyle S. Jorgensen, Salvador J. |
author_facet |
Moxley, Jerry H. Nicholson, Teri E. Van Houtan, Kyle S. Jorgensen, Salvador J. |
author_sort |
Moxley, Jerry H. |
title |
Non‐trophic impacts from white sharks complicate population recovery for sea otters |
title_short |
Non‐trophic impacts from white sharks complicate population recovery for sea otters |
title_full |
Non‐trophic impacts from white sharks complicate population recovery for sea otters |
title_fullStr |
Non‐trophic impacts from white sharks complicate population recovery for sea otters |
title_full_unstemmed |
Non‐trophic impacts from white sharks complicate population recovery for sea otters |
title_sort |
non‐trophic impacts from white sharks complicate population recovery for sea otters |
publisher |
John Wiley and Sons Inc. |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6580303/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31236228 https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.5209 |
genre |
Elephant Seal Elephant Seals |
genre_facet |
Elephant Seal Elephant Seals |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6580303/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31236228 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.5209 |
op_rights |
© 2019 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.5209 |
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Ecology and Evolution |
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9 |
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11 |
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6378 |
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6388 |
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1766401192248737792 |