The prevalence of Leptospira among invasive small mammals on Puerto Rican cattle farms
Leptospirosis, an emerging infectious disease caused by bacteria of the genus Leptospira, is thought to be the most widespread zoonotic disease in the world. A first step in preventing the spread of Leptospira is delineating the animal reservoirs that maintain and disperse the bacteria. Quantitative...
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:6544380 2023-05-15T18:05:36+02:00 The prevalence of Leptospira among invasive small mammals on Puerto Rican cattle farms Benavidez, Kathryn M. Guerra, Trina Torres, Madison Rodriguez, David Veech, Joseph A. Hahn, Dittmar Miller, Robert J. Soltero, Fred V. Ramírez, Alejandro E. Pérez Perez de León, Adalberto Castro-Arellano, Iván 2019-05-20 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6544380/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31107872 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0007236 en eng Public Library of Science http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6544380/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31107872 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0007236 https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ This is an open access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. The work is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) public domain dedication. CC0 PDM Research Article Text 2019 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0007236 2019-06-23T00:13:30Z Leptospirosis, an emerging infectious disease caused by bacteria of the genus Leptospira, is thought to be the most widespread zoonotic disease in the world. A first step in preventing the spread of Leptospira is delineating the animal reservoirs that maintain and disperse the bacteria. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) methods targeting the LipL32 gene were used to analyze kidney samples from 124 House mice (Mus musculus), 94 Black rats (Rattus rattus), 5 Norway rats (R. norvegicus), and 89 small Indian mongooses (Herpestes auropunctatus) from five cattle farms in Puerto Rico. Renal carriage of Leptospira was found in 38% of the sampled individuals, with 59% of the sampled mice, 34% of Black rats, 20% of Norway rats, and 13% of the mongooses. A heterogeneous distribution of prevalence was also found among sites, with the highest prevalence of Leptospira-positive samples at 52% and the lowest at 30%. Comparative sequence analysis of the LipL32 gene from positive samples revealed the presence of two species of Leptospira, L. borgpetersenii and L. interrogans in mice, detected in similar percentages in samples from four farms, while samples from the fifth farm almost exclusively harbored L. interrogans. In rats, both Leptospira species were found, while mongooses only harbored L. interrogans. Numbers tested for both animals, however, were too small (n = 7 each) to relate prevalence of Leptospira species to location. Significant associations of Leptospira prevalence with anthropogenic landscape features were observed at farms in Naguabo and Sabana Grande, where infected individuals were closer to human dwellings, milking barns, and ponds than were uninfected individuals. These results show that rural areas of Puerto Rico are in need of management and longitudinal surveillance of Leptospira in order to prevent continued infection of focal susceptible species (i.e. humans and cattle). Text Rattus rattus PubMed Central (PMC) Indian Norway PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 13 5 e0007236 |
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Research Article Benavidez, Kathryn M. Guerra, Trina Torres, Madison Rodriguez, David Veech, Joseph A. Hahn, Dittmar Miller, Robert J. Soltero, Fred V. Ramírez, Alejandro E. Pérez Perez de León, Adalberto Castro-Arellano, Iván The prevalence of Leptospira among invasive small mammals on Puerto Rican cattle farms |
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Research Article |
description |
Leptospirosis, an emerging infectious disease caused by bacteria of the genus Leptospira, is thought to be the most widespread zoonotic disease in the world. A first step in preventing the spread of Leptospira is delineating the animal reservoirs that maintain and disperse the bacteria. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) methods targeting the LipL32 gene were used to analyze kidney samples from 124 House mice (Mus musculus), 94 Black rats (Rattus rattus), 5 Norway rats (R. norvegicus), and 89 small Indian mongooses (Herpestes auropunctatus) from five cattle farms in Puerto Rico. Renal carriage of Leptospira was found in 38% of the sampled individuals, with 59% of the sampled mice, 34% of Black rats, 20% of Norway rats, and 13% of the mongooses. A heterogeneous distribution of prevalence was also found among sites, with the highest prevalence of Leptospira-positive samples at 52% and the lowest at 30%. Comparative sequence analysis of the LipL32 gene from positive samples revealed the presence of two species of Leptospira, L. borgpetersenii and L. interrogans in mice, detected in similar percentages in samples from four farms, while samples from the fifth farm almost exclusively harbored L. interrogans. In rats, both Leptospira species were found, while mongooses only harbored L. interrogans. Numbers tested for both animals, however, were too small (n = 7 each) to relate prevalence of Leptospira species to location. Significant associations of Leptospira prevalence with anthropogenic landscape features were observed at farms in Naguabo and Sabana Grande, where infected individuals were closer to human dwellings, milking barns, and ponds than were uninfected individuals. These results show that rural areas of Puerto Rico are in need of management and longitudinal surveillance of Leptospira in order to prevent continued infection of focal susceptible species (i.e. humans and cattle). |
format |
Text |
author |
Benavidez, Kathryn M. Guerra, Trina Torres, Madison Rodriguez, David Veech, Joseph A. Hahn, Dittmar Miller, Robert J. Soltero, Fred V. Ramírez, Alejandro E. Pérez Perez de León, Adalberto Castro-Arellano, Iván |
author_facet |
Benavidez, Kathryn M. Guerra, Trina Torres, Madison Rodriguez, David Veech, Joseph A. Hahn, Dittmar Miller, Robert J. Soltero, Fred V. Ramírez, Alejandro E. Pérez Perez de León, Adalberto Castro-Arellano, Iván |
author_sort |
Benavidez, Kathryn M. |
title |
The prevalence of Leptospira among invasive small mammals on Puerto Rican cattle farms |
title_short |
The prevalence of Leptospira among invasive small mammals on Puerto Rican cattle farms |
title_full |
The prevalence of Leptospira among invasive small mammals on Puerto Rican cattle farms |
title_fullStr |
The prevalence of Leptospira among invasive small mammals on Puerto Rican cattle farms |
title_full_unstemmed |
The prevalence of Leptospira among invasive small mammals on Puerto Rican cattle farms |
title_sort |
prevalence of leptospira among invasive small mammals on puerto rican cattle farms |
publisher |
Public Library of Science |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6544380/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31107872 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0007236 |
geographic |
Indian Norway |
geographic_facet |
Indian Norway |
genre |
Rattus rattus |
genre_facet |
Rattus rattus |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6544380/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31107872 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0007236 |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ This is an open access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. The work is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) public domain dedication. |
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https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0007236 |
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PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
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13 |
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5 |
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e0007236 |
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