Warming and CO2 Enhance Arctic Heterotrophic Microbial Activity

Ocean acidification and warming are two main consequences of climate change that can directly affect biological and ecosystem processes in marine habitats. The Arctic Ocean is the region of the world experiencing climate change at the steepest rate compared with other latitudes. Since marine plankto...

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Published in:Frontiers in Microbiology
Main Authors: Vaqué, Dolors, Lara, Elena, Arrieta, Jesús M., Holding, Johnna, Sà, Elisabet L., Hendriks, Iris E., Coello-Camba, Alexandra, Alvarez, Marta, Agustí, Susana, Wassmann, Paul F., Duarte, Carlos M.
Format: Text
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2019
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Online Access:http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6436474/
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.00494
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spelling ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:6436474 2023-05-15T14:56:36+02:00 Warming and CO2 Enhance Arctic Heterotrophic Microbial Activity Vaqué, Dolors Lara, Elena Arrieta, Jesús M. Holding, Johnna Sà, Elisabet L. Hendriks, Iris E. Coello-Camba, Alexandra Alvarez, Marta Agustí, Susana Wassmann, Paul F. Duarte, Carlos M. 2019-03-20 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6436474/ https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.00494 en eng Frontiers Media S.A. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6436474/ http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.00494 Copyright © 2019 Vaqué, Lara, Arrieta, Holding, Sà, Hendriks, Coello-Camba, Alvarez, Agustí, Wassmann and Duarte. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. CC-BY Microbiology Text 2019 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.00494 2019-04-07T00:42:29Z Ocean acidification and warming are two main consequences of climate change that can directly affect biological and ecosystem processes in marine habitats. The Arctic Ocean is the region of the world experiencing climate change at the steepest rate compared with other latitudes. Since marine planktonic microorganisms play a key role in the biogeochemical cycles in the ocean it is crucial to simultaneously evaluate the effect of warming and increasing CO(2) on marine microbial communities. In 20 L experimental microcosms filled with water from a high-Arctic fjord (Svalbard), we examined changes in phototrophic and heterotrophic microbial abundances and processes [bacterial production (BP) and mortality], and viral activity (lytic and lysogenic) in relation to warming and elevated CO(2). The summer microbial plankton community living at 1.4°C in situ temperature, was exposed to increased CO(2) concentrations (135–2,318 μatm) in three controlled temperature treatments (1, 6, and 10°C) at the UNIS installations in Longyearbyen (Svalbard), in summer 2010. Results showed that chlorophyll a concentration decreased at increasing temperatures, while BP significantly increased with pCO(2) at 6 and 10°C. Lytic viral production was not affected by changes in pCO(2) and temperature, while lysogeny increased significantly at increasing levels of pCO(2), especially at 10°C (R(2) = 0.858, p = 0.02). Moreover, protistan grazing rates showed a positive interaction between pCO(2) and temperature. The averaged percentage of bacteria grazed per day was higher (19.56 ± 2.77% d(-1)) than the averaged percentage of lysed bacteria by virus (7.18 ± 1.50% d(-1)) for all treatments. Furthermore, the relationship among microbial abundances and processes showed that BP was significantly related to phototrophic pico/nanoflagellate abundance in the 1°C and the 6°C treatments, and BP triggered viral activity, mainly lysogeny at 6 and 10°C, while bacterial mortality rates was significantly related to bacterial abundances at 6°C. Consequently, ... Text Arctic Arctic Ocean Climate change Longyearbyen Ocean acidification Svalbard UNIS PubMed Central (PMC) Arctic Arctic Ocean Longyearbyen Svalbard Frontiers in Microbiology 10
institution Open Polar
collection PubMed Central (PMC)
op_collection_id ftpubmed
language English
topic Microbiology
spellingShingle Microbiology
Vaqué, Dolors
Lara, Elena
Arrieta, Jesús M.
Holding, Johnna
Sà, Elisabet L.
Hendriks, Iris E.
Coello-Camba, Alexandra
Alvarez, Marta
Agustí, Susana
Wassmann, Paul F.
Duarte, Carlos M.
Warming and CO2 Enhance Arctic Heterotrophic Microbial Activity
topic_facet Microbiology
description Ocean acidification and warming are two main consequences of climate change that can directly affect biological and ecosystem processes in marine habitats. The Arctic Ocean is the region of the world experiencing climate change at the steepest rate compared with other latitudes. Since marine planktonic microorganisms play a key role in the biogeochemical cycles in the ocean it is crucial to simultaneously evaluate the effect of warming and increasing CO(2) on marine microbial communities. In 20 L experimental microcosms filled with water from a high-Arctic fjord (Svalbard), we examined changes in phototrophic and heterotrophic microbial abundances and processes [bacterial production (BP) and mortality], and viral activity (lytic and lysogenic) in relation to warming and elevated CO(2). The summer microbial plankton community living at 1.4°C in situ temperature, was exposed to increased CO(2) concentrations (135–2,318 μatm) in three controlled temperature treatments (1, 6, and 10°C) at the UNIS installations in Longyearbyen (Svalbard), in summer 2010. Results showed that chlorophyll a concentration decreased at increasing temperatures, while BP significantly increased with pCO(2) at 6 and 10°C. Lytic viral production was not affected by changes in pCO(2) and temperature, while lysogeny increased significantly at increasing levels of pCO(2), especially at 10°C (R(2) = 0.858, p = 0.02). Moreover, protistan grazing rates showed a positive interaction between pCO(2) and temperature. The averaged percentage of bacteria grazed per day was higher (19.56 ± 2.77% d(-1)) than the averaged percentage of lysed bacteria by virus (7.18 ± 1.50% d(-1)) for all treatments. Furthermore, the relationship among microbial abundances and processes showed that BP was significantly related to phototrophic pico/nanoflagellate abundance in the 1°C and the 6°C treatments, and BP triggered viral activity, mainly lysogeny at 6 and 10°C, while bacterial mortality rates was significantly related to bacterial abundances at 6°C. Consequently, ...
format Text
author Vaqué, Dolors
Lara, Elena
Arrieta, Jesús M.
Holding, Johnna
Sà, Elisabet L.
Hendriks, Iris E.
Coello-Camba, Alexandra
Alvarez, Marta
Agustí, Susana
Wassmann, Paul F.
Duarte, Carlos M.
author_facet Vaqué, Dolors
Lara, Elena
Arrieta, Jesús M.
Holding, Johnna
Sà, Elisabet L.
Hendriks, Iris E.
Coello-Camba, Alexandra
Alvarez, Marta
Agustí, Susana
Wassmann, Paul F.
Duarte, Carlos M.
author_sort Vaqué, Dolors
title Warming and CO2 Enhance Arctic Heterotrophic Microbial Activity
title_short Warming and CO2 Enhance Arctic Heterotrophic Microbial Activity
title_full Warming and CO2 Enhance Arctic Heterotrophic Microbial Activity
title_fullStr Warming and CO2 Enhance Arctic Heterotrophic Microbial Activity
title_full_unstemmed Warming and CO2 Enhance Arctic Heterotrophic Microbial Activity
title_sort warming and co2 enhance arctic heterotrophic microbial activity
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate 2019
url http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6436474/
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.00494
geographic Arctic
Arctic Ocean
Longyearbyen
Svalbard
geographic_facet Arctic
Arctic Ocean
Longyearbyen
Svalbard
genre Arctic
Arctic Ocean
Climate change
Longyearbyen
Ocean acidification
Svalbard
UNIS
genre_facet Arctic
Arctic Ocean
Climate change
Longyearbyen
Ocean acidification
Svalbard
UNIS
op_relation http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6436474/
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.00494
op_rights Copyright © 2019 Vaqué, Lara, Arrieta, Holding, Sà, Hendriks, Coello-Camba, Alvarez, Agustí, Wassmann and Duarte.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
op_rightsnorm CC-BY
op_doi https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.00494
container_title Frontiers in Microbiology
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