Warming and CO2 Enhance Arctic Heterotrophic Microbial Activity
Ocean acidification and warming are two main consequences of climate change that can directly affect biological and ecosystem processes in marine habitats. The Arctic Ocean is the region of the world experiencing climate change at the steepest rate compared with other latitudes. Since marine plankto...
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:6436474 2023-05-15T14:56:36+02:00 Warming and CO2 Enhance Arctic Heterotrophic Microbial Activity Vaqué, Dolors Lara, Elena Arrieta, Jesús M. Holding, Johnna Sà, Elisabet L. Hendriks, Iris E. Coello-Camba, Alexandra Alvarez, Marta Agustí, Susana Wassmann, Paul F. Duarte, Carlos M. 2019-03-20 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6436474/ https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.00494 en eng Frontiers Media S.A. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6436474/ http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.00494 Copyright © 2019 Vaqué, Lara, Arrieta, Holding, Sà, Hendriks, Coello-Camba, Alvarez, Agustí, Wassmann and Duarte. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. CC-BY Microbiology Text 2019 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.00494 2019-04-07T00:42:29Z Ocean acidification and warming are two main consequences of climate change that can directly affect biological and ecosystem processes in marine habitats. The Arctic Ocean is the region of the world experiencing climate change at the steepest rate compared with other latitudes. Since marine planktonic microorganisms play a key role in the biogeochemical cycles in the ocean it is crucial to simultaneously evaluate the effect of warming and increasing CO(2) on marine microbial communities. In 20 L experimental microcosms filled with water from a high-Arctic fjord (Svalbard), we examined changes in phototrophic and heterotrophic microbial abundances and processes [bacterial production (BP) and mortality], and viral activity (lytic and lysogenic) in relation to warming and elevated CO(2). The summer microbial plankton community living at 1.4°C in situ temperature, was exposed to increased CO(2) concentrations (135–2,318 μatm) in three controlled temperature treatments (1, 6, and 10°C) at the UNIS installations in Longyearbyen (Svalbard), in summer 2010. Results showed that chlorophyll a concentration decreased at increasing temperatures, while BP significantly increased with pCO(2) at 6 and 10°C. Lytic viral production was not affected by changes in pCO(2) and temperature, while lysogeny increased significantly at increasing levels of pCO(2), especially at 10°C (R(2) = 0.858, p = 0.02). Moreover, protistan grazing rates showed a positive interaction between pCO(2) and temperature. The averaged percentage of bacteria grazed per day was higher (19.56 ± 2.77% d(-1)) than the averaged percentage of lysed bacteria by virus (7.18 ± 1.50% d(-1)) for all treatments. Furthermore, the relationship among microbial abundances and processes showed that BP was significantly related to phototrophic pico/nanoflagellate abundance in the 1°C and the 6°C treatments, and BP triggered viral activity, mainly lysogeny at 6 and 10°C, while bacterial mortality rates was significantly related to bacterial abundances at 6°C. Consequently, ... Text Arctic Arctic Ocean Climate change Longyearbyen Ocean acidification Svalbard UNIS PubMed Central (PMC) Arctic Arctic Ocean Longyearbyen Svalbard Frontiers in Microbiology 10 |
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PubMed Central (PMC) |
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English |
topic |
Microbiology |
spellingShingle |
Microbiology Vaqué, Dolors Lara, Elena Arrieta, Jesús M. Holding, Johnna Sà, Elisabet L. Hendriks, Iris E. Coello-Camba, Alexandra Alvarez, Marta Agustí, Susana Wassmann, Paul F. Duarte, Carlos M. Warming and CO2 Enhance Arctic Heterotrophic Microbial Activity |
topic_facet |
Microbiology |
description |
Ocean acidification and warming are two main consequences of climate change that can directly affect biological and ecosystem processes in marine habitats. The Arctic Ocean is the region of the world experiencing climate change at the steepest rate compared with other latitudes. Since marine planktonic microorganisms play a key role in the biogeochemical cycles in the ocean it is crucial to simultaneously evaluate the effect of warming and increasing CO(2) on marine microbial communities. In 20 L experimental microcosms filled with water from a high-Arctic fjord (Svalbard), we examined changes in phototrophic and heterotrophic microbial abundances and processes [bacterial production (BP) and mortality], and viral activity (lytic and lysogenic) in relation to warming and elevated CO(2). The summer microbial plankton community living at 1.4°C in situ temperature, was exposed to increased CO(2) concentrations (135–2,318 μatm) in three controlled temperature treatments (1, 6, and 10°C) at the UNIS installations in Longyearbyen (Svalbard), in summer 2010. Results showed that chlorophyll a concentration decreased at increasing temperatures, while BP significantly increased with pCO(2) at 6 and 10°C. Lytic viral production was not affected by changes in pCO(2) and temperature, while lysogeny increased significantly at increasing levels of pCO(2), especially at 10°C (R(2) = 0.858, p = 0.02). Moreover, protistan grazing rates showed a positive interaction between pCO(2) and temperature. The averaged percentage of bacteria grazed per day was higher (19.56 ± 2.77% d(-1)) than the averaged percentage of lysed bacteria by virus (7.18 ± 1.50% d(-1)) for all treatments. Furthermore, the relationship among microbial abundances and processes showed that BP was significantly related to phototrophic pico/nanoflagellate abundance in the 1°C and the 6°C treatments, and BP triggered viral activity, mainly lysogeny at 6 and 10°C, while bacterial mortality rates was significantly related to bacterial abundances at 6°C. Consequently, ... |
format |
Text |
author |
Vaqué, Dolors Lara, Elena Arrieta, Jesús M. Holding, Johnna Sà, Elisabet L. Hendriks, Iris E. Coello-Camba, Alexandra Alvarez, Marta Agustí, Susana Wassmann, Paul F. Duarte, Carlos M. |
author_facet |
Vaqué, Dolors Lara, Elena Arrieta, Jesús M. Holding, Johnna Sà, Elisabet L. Hendriks, Iris E. Coello-Camba, Alexandra Alvarez, Marta Agustí, Susana Wassmann, Paul F. Duarte, Carlos M. |
author_sort |
Vaqué, Dolors |
title |
Warming and CO2 Enhance Arctic Heterotrophic Microbial Activity |
title_short |
Warming and CO2 Enhance Arctic Heterotrophic Microbial Activity |
title_full |
Warming and CO2 Enhance Arctic Heterotrophic Microbial Activity |
title_fullStr |
Warming and CO2 Enhance Arctic Heterotrophic Microbial Activity |
title_full_unstemmed |
Warming and CO2 Enhance Arctic Heterotrophic Microbial Activity |
title_sort |
warming and co2 enhance arctic heterotrophic microbial activity |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6436474/ https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.00494 |
geographic |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Longyearbyen Svalbard |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Longyearbyen Svalbard |
genre |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Climate change Longyearbyen Ocean acidification Svalbard UNIS |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Climate change Longyearbyen Ocean acidification Svalbard UNIS |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6436474/ http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.00494 |
op_rights |
Copyright © 2019 Vaqué, Lara, Arrieta, Holding, Sà, Hendriks, Coello-Camba, Alvarez, Agustí, Wassmann and Duarte. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.00494 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Microbiology |
container_volume |
10 |
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1766328686771961856 |