Direct and indirect effects of elevated CO2 are revealed through shifts in phytoplankton, copepod development, and fatty acid accumulation
Change in the nutritional quality of phytoplankton is a key mechanism through which ocean acidification can affect the function of marine ecosystems. Copepods play an important role transferring energy from phytoplankton to higher trophic levels, including fatty acids (FA)—essential macronutrients s...
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:6417711 2023-05-15T17:50:47+02:00 Direct and indirect effects of elevated CO2 are revealed through shifts in phytoplankton, copepod development, and fatty acid accumulation McLaskey, Anna K. Keister, Julie E. Schoo, Katherina L. Olson, M. Brady Love, Brooke A. 2019-03-14 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6417711/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30870509 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0213931 en eng Public Library of Science http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6417711/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30870509 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0213931 © 2019 McLaskey et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. CC-BY Research Article Text 2019 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0213931 2019-04-07T00:31:05Z Change in the nutritional quality of phytoplankton is a key mechanism through which ocean acidification can affect the function of marine ecosystems. Copepods play an important role transferring energy from phytoplankton to higher trophic levels, including fatty acids (FA)—essential macronutrients synthesized by primary producers that can limit zooplankton and fisheries production. We investigated the direct effects of pCO(2) on phytoplankton and copepods in the laboratory, as well as the trophic transfer of effects of pCO(2) on food quality. The marine cryptophyte Rhodomonas salina was cultured at 400, 800, and 1200 μatm pCO(2) and fed to adult Acartia hudsonica acclimated to the same pCO(2) levels. We examined changes in phytoplankton growth rate, cell size, carbon content, and FA content, and copepod FA content, grazing, respiration, egg production, hatching, and naupliar development. This single-factor experiment was repeated at 12°C and at 17°C. At 17°C, the FA content of R. salina responded non-linearly to elevated pCO(2) with the greatest FA content at intermediate levels, which was mirrored in A. hudsonica; however, differences in ingestion rate indicate that copepods accumulated FA less efficiently at elevated pCO(2). A. hudsonica nauplii developed faster at elevated pCO(2) at 12°C in the absence of strong food quality effects, but not at 17°C when food quality varied among treatments. Our results demonstrate that changes to the nutritional quality of phytoplankton are not directly translated to their grazers, and that studies that include trophic links are key to unraveling how ocean acidification will drive changes in marine food webs. Text Ocean acidification Copepods PubMed Central (PMC) PLOS ONE 14 3 e0213931 |
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Research Article McLaskey, Anna K. Keister, Julie E. Schoo, Katherina L. Olson, M. Brady Love, Brooke A. Direct and indirect effects of elevated CO2 are revealed through shifts in phytoplankton, copepod development, and fatty acid accumulation |
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Research Article |
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Change in the nutritional quality of phytoplankton is a key mechanism through which ocean acidification can affect the function of marine ecosystems. Copepods play an important role transferring energy from phytoplankton to higher trophic levels, including fatty acids (FA)—essential macronutrients synthesized by primary producers that can limit zooplankton and fisheries production. We investigated the direct effects of pCO(2) on phytoplankton and copepods in the laboratory, as well as the trophic transfer of effects of pCO(2) on food quality. The marine cryptophyte Rhodomonas salina was cultured at 400, 800, and 1200 μatm pCO(2) and fed to adult Acartia hudsonica acclimated to the same pCO(2) levels. We examined changes in phytoplankton growth rate, cell size, carbon content, and FA content, and copepod FA content, grazing, respiration, egg production, hatching, and naupliar development. This single-factor experiment was repeated at 12°C and at 17°C. At 17°C, the FA content of R. salina responded non-linearly to elevated pCO(2) with the greatest FA content at intermediate levels, which was mirrored in A. hudsonica; however, differences in ingestion rate indicate that copepods accumulated FA less efficiently at elevated pCO(2). A. hudsonica nauplii developed faster at elevated pCO(2) at 12°C in the absence of strong food quality effects, but not at 17°C when food quality varied among treatments. Our results demonstrate that changes to the nutritional quality of phytoplankton are not directly translated to their grazers, and that studies that include trophic links are key to unraveling how ocean acidification will drive changes in marine food webs. |
format |
Text |
author |
McLaskey, Anna K. Keister, Julie E. Schoo, Katherina L. Olson, M. Brady Love, Brooke A. |
author_facet |
McLaskey, Anna K. Keister, Julie E. Schoo, Katherina L. Olson, M. Brady Love, Brooke A. |
author_sort |
McLaskey, Anna K. |
title |
Direct and indirect effects of elevated CO2 are revealed through shifts in phytoplankton, copepod development, and fatty acid accumulation |
title_short |
Direct and indirect effects of elevated CO2 are revealed through shifts in phytoplankton, copepod development, and fatty acid accumulation |
title_full |
Direct and indirect effects of elevated CO2 are revealed through shifts in phytoplankton, copepod development, and fatty acid accumulation |
title_fullStr |
Direct and indirect effects of elevated CO2 are revealed through shifts in phytoplankton, copepod development, and fatty acid accumulation |
title_full_unstemmed |
Direct and indirect effects of elevated CO2 are revealed through shifts in phytoplankton, copepod development, and fatty acid accumulation |
title_sort |
direct and indirect effects of elevated co2 are revealed through shifts in phytoplankton, copepod development, and fatty acid accumulation |
publisher |
Public Library of Science |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6417711/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30870509 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0213931 |
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Ocean acidification Copepods |
genre_facet |
Ocean acidification Copepods |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6417711/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30870509 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0213931 |
op_rights |
© 2019 McLaskey et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
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CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0213931 |
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PLOS ONE |
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14 |
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e0213931 |
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