Paralytic Shellfish Toxins Occurrence in Non-Traditional Invertebrate Vectors from North Atlantic Waters (Azores, Madeira, and Morocco)
Paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs) are potent alkaloids of microalgal and cyanobacterial origin, with worldwide distribution. Over the last 20 years, the number of poisoning incidents has declined as a result of the implementation of legislation and monitoring programs based on bivalves. In the summe...
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:6162766 2023-05-15T17:33:06+02:00 Paralytic Shellfish Toxins Occurrence in Non-Traditional Invertebrate Vectors from North Atlantic Waters (Azores, Madeira, and Morocco) Silva, Marisa Rey, Verónica Barreiro, Aldo Kaufmann, Manfred Neto, Ana Isabel Hassouani, Meryem Sabour, Brahim Botana, Ana Botana, Luis M. Vasconcelos, Vitor 2018-09-06 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6162766/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30200645 https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins10090362 en eng MDPI http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6162766/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30200645 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins10090362 © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). CC-BY Article Text 2018 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins10090362 2018-10-07T00:40:04Z Paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs) are potent alkaloids of microalgal and cyanobacterial origin, with worldwide distribution. Over the last 20 years, the number of poisoning incidents has declined as a result of the implementation of legislation and monitoring programs based on bivalves. In the summer of 2012 and 2013, we collected a total of 98 samples from 23 different species belonging to benthic and subtidal organisms, such as echinoderms, crustaceans, bivalves, and gastropods. The sampling locations were Madeira, São Miguel Island (Azores archipelago), and the northwestern coast of Morocco. The samples were analyzed using post-column oxidation liquid chromatography with a fluorescence detection method. Our main goal was to detect new vectors for these biotoxins. After reporting a total of 59 positive results for PSTs with 14 new vectors identified, we verified that some of the amounts exceeded the limit value established in the EU. These results suggest that routine monitoring of saxitoxin and its analogs should be extended to more potential vectors other than bivalves, including other edible organisms, for a better protection of public health. Text North Atlantic PubMed Central (PMC) Toxins 10 9 362 |
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Article Silva, Marisa Rey, Verónica Barreiro, Aldo Kaufmann, Manfred Neto, Ana Isabel Hassouani, Meryem Sabour, Brahim Botana, Ana Botana, Luis M. Vasconcelos, Vitor Paralytic Shellfish Toxins Occurrence in Non-Traditional Invertebrate Vectors from North Atlantic Waters (Azores, Madeira, and Morocco) |
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description |
Paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs) are potent alkaloids of microalgal and cyanobacterial origin, with worldwide distribution. Over the last 20 years, the number of poisoning incidents has declined as a result of the implementation of legislation and monitoring programs based on bivalves. In the summer of 2012 and 2013, we collected a total of 98 samples from 23 different species belonging to benthic and subtidal organisms, such as echinoderms, crustaceans, bivalves, and gastropods. The sampling locations were Madeira, São Miguel Island (Azores archipelago), and the northwestern coast of Morocco. The samples were analyzed using post-column oxidation liquid chromatography with a fluorescence detection method. Our main goal was to detect new vectors for these biotoxins. After reporting a total of 59 positive results for PSTs with 14 new vectors identified, we verified that some of the amounts exceeded the limit value established in the EU. These results suggest that routine monitoring of saxitoxin and its analogs should be extended to more potential vectors other than bivalves, including other edible organisms, for a better protection of public health. |
format |
Text |
author |
Silva, Marisa Rey, Verónica Barreiro, Aldo Kaufmann, Manfred Neto, Ana Isabel Hassouani, Meryem Sabour, Brahim Botana, Ana Botana, Luis M. Vasconcelos, Vitor |
author_facet |
Silva, Marisa Rey, Verónica Barreiro, Aldo Kaufmann, Manfred Neto, Ana Isabel Hassouani, Meryem Sabour, Brahim Botana, Ana Botana, Luis M. Vasconcelos, Vitor |
author_sort |
Silva, Marisa |
title |
Paralytic Shellfish Toxins Occurrence in Non-Traditional Invertebrate Vectors from North Atlantic Waters (Azores, Madeira, and Morocco) |
title_short |
Paralytic Shellfish Toxins Occurrence in Non-Traditional Invertebrate Vectors from North Atlantic Waters (Azores, Madeira, and Morocco) |
title_full |
Paralytic Shellfish Toxins Occurrence in Non-Traditional Invertebrate Vectors from North Atlantic Waters (Azores, Madeira, and Morocco) |
title_fullStr |
Paralytic Shellfish Toxins Occurrence in Non-Traditional Invertebrate Vectors from North Atlantic Waters (Azores, Madeira, and Morocco) |
title_full_unstemmed |
Paralytic Shellfish Toxins Occurrence in Non-Traditional Invertebrate Vectors from North Atlantic Waters (Azores, Madeira, and Morocco) |
title_sort |
paralytic shellfish toxins occurrence in non-traditional invertebrate vectors from north atlantic waters (azores, madeira, and morocco) |
publisher |
MDPI |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6162766/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30200645 https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins10090362 |
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North Atlantic |
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North Atlantic |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6162766/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30200645 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins10090362 |
op_rights |
© 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
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CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins10090362 |
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Toxins |
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10 |
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362 |
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1766131499201986560 |