Re-initiation of bottom water formation in the East Sea (Japan Sea) in a warming world
The East Sea (Japan Sea), a small marginal sea in the northwestern Pacific, is ventilated deeply down to the bottom and sensitive to changing surface conditions. Addressing the response of this marginal sea to the hydrological cycle and atmospheric forcing would be helpful for better understanding p...
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:5785475 2023-05-15T18:18:25+02:00 Re-initiation of bottom water formation in the East Sea (Japan Sea) in a warming world Yoon, Seung-Tae Chang, Kyung-Il Nam, SungHyun Rho, TaeKeun Kang, Dong-Jin Lee, Tongsup Park, Kyung-Ae Lobanov, Vyacheslav Kaplunenko, Dmitry Tishchenko, Pavel Kim, Kyung-Ryul 2018-01-25 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5785475/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29371648 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-19952-4 en eng Nature Publishing Group UK http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5785475/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29371648 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-19952-4 © The Author(s) 2018 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. CC-BY Article Text 2018 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-19952-4 2018-02-11T01:15:11Z The East Sea (Japan Sea), a small marginal sea in the northwestern Pacific, is ventilated deeply down to the bottom and sensitive to changing surface conditions. Addressing the response of this marginal sea to the hydrological cycle and atmospheric forcing would be helpful for better understanding present and future environmental changes in oceans at the global and regional scales. Here, we present an analysis of observations revealing a slowdown of the long-term deepening in water boundaries associated with changes of water formation rate. Our results indicate that bottom (central) water formation has been enhanced (reduced) with more (less) oxygen supply to the bottom (central) layer since the 2000s. This paper presents a new projection that allows a three-layered deep structure, which retains bottom water, at least until 2040, contrasting previous results. This projection considers recent increase of slope convections mainly due to the salt supply via air-sea freshwater exchange and sea ice formation and decrease of open-ocean convections evidenced by reduced mixed layer depth in the northern East Sea, resulting in more bottom water and less central water formations. Such vigorous changes in water formation and ventilation provide certain implications on future climate changes. Text Sea ice PubMed Central (PMC) Pacific Scientific Reports 8 1 |
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Article Yoon, Seung-Tae Chang, Kyung-Il Nam, SungHyun Rho, TaeKeun Kang, Dong-Jin Lee, Tongsup Park, Kyung-Ae Lobanov, Vyacheslav Kaplunenko, Dmitry Tishchenko, Pavel Kim, Kyung-Ryul Re-initiation of bottom water formation in the East Sea (Japan Sea) in a warming world |
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The East Sea (Japan Sea), a small marginal sea in the northwestern Pacific, is ventilated deeply down to the bottom and sensitive to changing surface conditions. Addressing the response of this marginal sea to the hydrological cycle and atmospheric forcing would be helpful for better understanding present and future environmental changes in oceans at the global and regional scales. Here, we present an analysis of observations revealing a slowdown of the long-term deepening in water boundaries associated with changes of water formation rate. Our results indicate that bottom (central) water formation has been enhanced (reduced) with more (less) oxygen supply to the bottom (central) layer since the 2000s. This paper presents a new projection that allows a three-layered deep structure, which retains bottom water, at least until 2040, contrasting previous results. This projection considers recent increase of slope convections mainly due to the salt supply via air-sea freshwater exchange and sea ice formation and decrease of open-ocean convections evidenced by reduced mixed layer depth in the northern East Sea, resulting in more bottom water and less central water formations. Such vigorous changes in water formation and ventilation provide certain implications on future climate changes. |
format |
Text |
author |
Yoon, Seung-Tae Chang, Kyung-Il Nam, SungHyun Rho, TaeKeun Kang, Dong-Jin Lee, Tongsup Park, Kyung-Ae Lobanov, Vyacheslav Kaplunenko, Dmitry Tishchenko, Pavel Kim, Kyung-Ryul |
author_facet |
Yoon, Seung-Tae Chang, Kyung-Il Nam, SungHyun Rho, TaeKeun Kang, Dong-Jin Lee, Tongsup Park, Kyung-Ae Lobanov, Vyacheslav Kaplunenko, Dmitry Tishchenko, Pavel Kim, Kyung-Ryul |
author_sort |
Yoon, Seung-Tae |
title |
Re-initiation of bottom water formation in the East Sea (Japan Sea) in a warming world |
title_short |
Re-initiation of bottom water formation in the East Sea (Japan Sea) in a warming world |
title_full |
Re-initiation of bottom water formation in the East Sea (Japan Sea) in a warming world |
title_fullStr |
Re-initiation of bottom water formation in the East Sea (Japan Sea) in a warming world |
title_full_unstemmed |
Re-initiation of bottom water formation in the East Sea (Japan Sea) in a warming world |
title_sort |
re-initiation of bottom water formation in the east sea (japan sea) in a warming world |
publisher |
Nature Publishing Group UK |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5785475/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29371648 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-19952-4 |
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Pacific |
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Pacific |
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Sea ice |
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Sea ice |
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5785475/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29371648 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-19952-4 |
op_rights |
© The Author(s) 2018 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. |
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CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-19952-4 |
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Scientific Reports |
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8 |
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1 |
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