Nucleated Teleost Erythrocytes Play an Nk-Lysin- and Autophagy-Dependent Role in Antiviral Immunity
With the exception of mammals, vertebrate erythrocytes are nucleated. Nevertheless, these cells are usually considered as mere carriers of hemoglobin. In this work, however, we describe for the first time an unrecognized role of teleost red blood cells (RBCs). We found that Nk-lysin (Nkl), an antimi...
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:5673852 2023-05-15T18:15:51+02:00 Nucleated Teleost Erythrocytes Play an Nk-Lysin- and Autophagy-Dependent Role in Antiviral Immunity Pereiro, Patricia Romero, Alejandro Díaz-Rosales, Patricia Estepa, Amparo Figueras, Antonio Novoa, Beatriz 2017-11-02 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5673852/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29163526 https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2017.01458 en eng Frontiers Media S.A. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5673852/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29163526 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2017.01458 Copyright © 2017 Pereiro, Romero, Díaz-Rosales, Estepa, Figueras and Novoa. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. CC-BY Immunology Text 2017 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2017.01458 2017-11-26T01:07:12Z With the exception of mammals, vertebrate erythrocytes are nucleated. Nevertheless, these cells are usually considered as mere carriers of hemoglobin. In this work, however, we describe for the first time an unrecognized role of teleost red blood cells (RBCs). We found that Nk-lysin (Nkl), an antimicrobial peptide produced by NK-cells and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes, was also expressed in flatfish turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) erythrocytes. Although the antiviral role of Nkl remains to be elucidated, we found a positive correlation between the transcription of nkl and the resistance to an infection with Rhabdovirus in a teleost fish. Surprisingly, Nkl was found to be present in the autophagolysosomes of erythrocytes, and therefore this higher resistance provided by Nkl could be related to autophagy. The organelles of RBCs are degraded through autophagy during the maturation process of these cells. In this work, we observed that the blockage of autophagy increased the replication of viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus in nucleated teleost erythrocytes, which suggests that this mechanism may also be a key process in the defense against viruses in these cells. Nkl, which possesses membrane-perturbing ability and was affected by this modulation of RBC autophagy, could also participate in this process. For the first time, autophagy has been described not only as a life cycle event during the maturation of erythrocytes but also as a pivotal antiviral mechanism in nucleated erythrocytes. These results suggest a role of erythrocytes and Nkl in the antiviral immunity of fish and other vertebrates with nucleated RBCs. Text Scophthalmus maximus Turbot PubMed Central (PMC) Frontiers in Immunology 8 |
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Immunology Pereiro, Patricia Romero, Alejandro Díaz-Rosales, Patricia Estepa, Amparo Figueras, Antonio Novoa, Beatriz Nucleated Teleost Erythrocytes Play an Nk-Lysin- and Autophagy-Dependent Role in Antiviral Immunity |
topic_facet |
Immunology |
description |
With the exception of mammals, vertebrate erythrocytes are nucleated. Nevertheless, these cells are usually considered as mere carriers of hemoglobin. In this work, however, we describe for the first time an unrecognized role of teleost red blood cells (RBCs). We found that Nk-lysin (Nkl), an antimicrobial peptide produced by NK-cells and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes, was also expressed in flatfish turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) erythrocytes. Although the antiviral role of Nkl remains to be elucidated, we found a positive correlation between the transcription of nkl and the resistance to an infection with Rhabdovirus in a teleost fish. Surprisingly, Nkl was found to be present in the autophagolysosomes of erythrocytes, and therefore this higher resistance provided by Nkl could be related to autophagy. The organelles of RBCs are degraded through autophagy during the maturation process of these cells. In this work, we observed that the blockage of autophagy increased the replication of viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus in nucleated teleost erythrocytes, which suggests that this mechanism may also be a key process in the defense against viruses in these cells. Nkl, which possesses membrane-perturbing ability and was affected by this modulation of RBC autophagy, could also participate in this process. For the first time, autophagy has been described not only as a life cycle event during the maturation of erythrocytes but also as a pivotal antiviral mechanism in nucleated erythrocytes. These results suggest a role of erythrocytes and Nkl in the antiviral immunity of fish and other vertebrates with nucleated RBCs. |
format |
Text |
author |
Pereiro, Patricia Romero, Alejandro Díaz-Rosales, Patricia Estepa, Amparo Figueras, Antonio Novoa, Beatriz |
author_facet |
Pereiro, Patricia Romero, Alejandro Díaz-Rosales, Patricia Estepa, Amparo Figueras, Antonio Novoa, Beatriz |
author_sort |
Pereiro, Patricia |
title |
Nucleated Teleost Erythrocytes Play an Nk-Lysin- and Autophagy-Dependent Role in Antiviral Immunity |
title_short |
Nucleated Teleost Erythrocytes Play an Nk-Lysin- and Autophagy-Dependent Role in Antiviral Immunity |
title_full |
Nucleated Teleost Erythrocytes Play an Nk-Lysin- and Autophagy-Dependent Role in Antiviral Immunity |
title_fullStr |
Nucleated Teleost Erythrocytes Play an Nk-Lysin- and Autophagy-Dependent Role in Antiviral Immunity |
title_full_unstemmed |
Nucleated Teleost Erythrocytes Play an Nk-Lysin- and Autophagy-Dependent Role in Antiviral Immunity |
title_sort |
nucleated teleost erythrocytes play an nk-lysin- and autophagy-dependent role in antiviral immunity |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5673852/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29163526 https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2017.01458 |
genre |
Scophthalmus maximus Turbot |
genre_facet |
Scophthalmus maximus Turbot |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5673852/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29163526 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2017.01458 |
op_rights |
Copyright © 2017 Pereiro, Romero, Díaz-Rosales, Estepa, Figueras and Novoa. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2017.01458 |
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Frontiers in Immunology |
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8 |
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1766189080783093760 |