Multiple sex chromosome system in penguins (Pygoscelis, Spheniscidae)
Penguins are classified in the order Sphenisciformes into a single family, Spheniscidae. The genus Pygoscelis Wagler, 1832, is composed of three species, Pygoscelis antarcticus Forster, 1781, P. papua Forster, 1781 and P. adeliae Hombron & Jacquinot, 1841. In this work, the objective was to desc...
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:5646662 2023-05-15T13:55:55+02:00 Multiple sex chromosome system in penguins (Pygoscelis, Spheniscidae) Gunski, Ricardo José Cañedo, Andrés Delgado Garnero, Analía Del Valle Ledesma, Mario Angel Coria, Nestor Montalti, Diego Degrandi, Tiago Marafiga 2017-08-16 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5646662/ https://doi.org/10.3897/CompCytogen.v11i3.13795 en eng Pensoft Publishers http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5646662/ http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/CompCytogen.v11i3.13795 Ricardo José Gunski, Andrés Delgado Cañedo, Analía Del Valle Garnero, Mario Angel Ledesma, Nestor Coria, Diego Montalti, Tiago Marafiga Degrandi http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. CC-BY Research Article Text 2017 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.3897/CompCytogen.v11i3.13795 2017-11-05T01:25:12Z Penguins are classified in the order Sphenisciformes into a single family, Spheniscidae. The genus Pygoscelis Wagler, 1832, is composed of three species, Pygoscelis antarcticus Forster, 1781, P. papua Forster, 1781 and P. adeliae Hombron & Jacquinot, 1841. In this work, the objective was to describe and to compare the karyotypes of Pygoscelis penguins contributing genetic information to Sphenisciformes. The metaphases were obtained by lymphocyte culture, and the diploid number and the C-banding pattern were determined. P. antarcticus has 2n = 92, P. papua 2n = 94 and P. adeliae exhibited 2n = 96 in males and 2n = 95 in females. The difference of diploid number in P. adeliae was identified as a multiple sex chromosome system where males have Z1Z1Z2Z2 and females Z1Z2W. The C-banding showed the presence of a heterochromatic block in the long arm of W chromosome and Z2 was almost entirely heterochromatic. The probable origin of a multiple system in P. adeliae was a translocation involving the W chromosome and the chromosome ancestral to Z2. The comparison made possible the identification of a high karyotype homology in Sphenisciformes which can be seen in the conservation of macrochromosomes and in the Z chromosome. The karyotypic divergences in Pygoscelis are restricted to the number of microchromosomes and W, which proved to be highly variable in size and morphology. The data presented in this work corroborate molecular phylogenetic proposals, supporting the monophyletic origin of penguins and intraspecific relations. Text Antarc* antarcticus PubMed Central (PMC) Hombron ENVELOPE(-58.650,-58.650,-63.450,-63.450) Jacquinot ENVELOPE(-57.867,-57.867,-63.350,-63.350) Long Arm ENVELOPE(-55.648,-55.648,49.517,49.517) Comparative Cytogenetics 11 3 541 552 |
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Research Article |
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Research Article Gunski, Ricardo José Cañedo, Andrés Delgado Garnero, Analía Del Valle Ledesma, Mario Angel Coria, Nestor Montalti, Diego Degrandi, Tiago Marafiga Multiple sex chromosome system in penguins (Pygoscelis, Spheniscidae) |
topic_facet |
Research Article |
description |
Penguins are classified in the order Sphenisciformes into a single family, Spheniscidae. The genus Pygoscelis Wagler, 1832, is composed of three species, Pygoscelis antarcticus Forster, 1781, P. papua Forster, 1781 and P. adeliae Hombron & Jacquinot, 1841. In this work, the objective was to describe and to compare the karyotypes of Pygoscelis penguins contributing genetic information to Sphenisciformes. The metaphases were obtained by lymphocyte culture, and the diploid number and the C-banding pattern were determined. P. antarcticus has 2n = 92, P. papua 2n = 94 and P. adeliae exhibited 2n = 96 in males and 2n = 95 in females. The difference of diploid number in P. adeliae was identified as a multiple sex chromosome system where males have Z1Z1Z2Z2 and females Z1Z2W. The C-banding showed the presence of a heterochromatic block in the long arm of W chromosome and Z2 was almost entirely heterochromatic. The probable origin of a multiple system in P. adeliae was a translocation involving the W chromosome and the chromosome ancestral to Z2. The comparison made possible the identification of a high karyotype homology in Sphenisciformes which can be seen in the conservation of macrochromosomes and in the Z chromosome. The karyotypic divergences in Pygoscelis are restricted to the number of microchromosomes and W, which proved to be highly variable in size and morphology. The data presented in this work corroborate molecular phylogenetic proposals, supporting the monophyletic origin of penguins and intraspecific relations. |
format |
Text |
author |
Gunski, Ricardo José Cañedo, Andrés Delgado Garnero, Analía Del Valle Ledesma, Mario Angel Coria, Nestor Montalti, Diego Degrandi, Tiago Marafiga |
author_facet |
Gunski, Ricardo José Cañedo, Andrés Delgado Garnero, Analía Del Valle Ledesma, Mario Angel Coria, Nestor Montalti, Diego Degrandi, Tiago Marafiga |
author_sort |
Gunski, Ricardo José |
title |
Multiple sex chromosome system in penguins (Pygoscelis, Spheniscidae) |
title_short |
Multiple sex chromosome system in penguins (Pygoscelis, Spheniscidae) |
title_full |
Multiple sex chromosome system in penguins (Pygoscelis, Spheniscidae) |
title_fullStr |
Multiple sex chromosome system in penguins (Pygoscelis, Spheniscidae) |
title_full_unstemmed |
Multiple sex chromosome system in penguins (Pygoscelis, Spheniscidae) |
title_sort |
multiple sex chromosome system in penguins (pygoscelis, spheniscidae) |
publisher |
Pensoft Publishers |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5646662/ https://doi.org/10.3897/CompCytogen.v11i3.13795 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-58.650,-58.650,-63.450,-63.450) ENVELOPE(-57.867,-57.867,-63.350,-63.350) ENVELOPE(-55.648,-55.648,49.517,49.517) |
geographic |
Hombron Jacquinot Long Arm |
geographic_facet |
Hombron Jacquinot Long Arm |
genre |
Antarc* antarcticus |
genre_facet |
Antarc* antarcticus |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5646662/ http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/CompCytogen.v11i3.13795 |
op_rights |
Ricardo José Gunski, Andrés Delgado Cañedo, Analía Del Valle Garnero, Mario Angel Ledesma, Nestor Coria, Diego Montalti, Tiago Marafiga Degrandi http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3897/CompCytogen.v11i3.13795 |
container_title |
Comparative Cytogenetics |
container_volume |
11 |
container_issue |
3 |
container_start_page |
541 |
op_container_end_page |
552 |
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1766262893774372864 |