Volcanic suppression of Nile summer flooding triggers revolt and constrains interstate conflict in ancient Egypt
Volcanic eruptions provide tests of human and natural system sensitivity to abrupt shocks because their repeated occurrence allows the identification of systematic relationships in the presence of random variability. Here we show a suppression of Nile summer flooding via the radiative and dynamical...
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:5645420 2023-05-15T16:39:07+02:00 Volcanic suppression of Nile summer flooding triggers revolt and constrains interstate conflict in ancient Egypt Manning, Joseph G. Ludlow, Francis Stine, Alexander R. Boos, William R. Sigl, Michael Marlon, Jennifer R. 2017-10-17 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5645420/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29042538 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-00957-y en eng Nature Publishing Group UK http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5645420/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29042538 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-00957-y © The Author(s) 2017 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. CC-BY Article Text 2017 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-00957-y 2017-10-22T00:17:34Z Volcanic eruptions provide tests of human and natural system sensitivity to abrupt shocks because their repeated occurrence allows the identification of systematic relationships in the presence of random variability. Here we show a suppression of Nile summer flooding via the radiative and dynamical impacts of explosive volcanism on the African monsoon, using climate model output, ice-core-based volcanic forcing data, Nilometer measurements, and ancient Egyptian writings. We then examine the response of Ptolemaic Egypt (305–30 BCE), one of the best-documented ancient superpowers, to volcanically induced Nile suppression. Eruptions are associated with revolt onset against elite rule, and the cessation of Ptolemaic state warfare with their great rival, the Seleukid Empire. Eruptions are also followed by socioeconomic stress with increased hereditary land sales, and the issuance of priestly decrees to reinforce elite authority. Ptolemaic vulnerability to volcanic eruptions offers a caution for all monsoon-dependent agricultural regions, presently including 70% of world population. Text ice core PubMed Central (PMC) Nature Communications 8 1 |
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Article Manning, Joseph G. Ludlow, Francis Stine, Alexander R. Boos, William R. Sigl, Michael Marlon, Jennifer R. Volcanic suppression of Nile summer flooding triggers revolt and constrains interstate conflict in ancient Egypt |
topic_facet |
Article |
description |
Volcanic eruptions provide tests of human and natural system sensitivity to abrupt shocks because their repeated occurrence allows the identification of systematic relationships in the presence of random variability. Here we show a suppression of Nile summer flooding via the radiative and dynamical impacts of explosive volcanism on the African monsoon, using climate model output, ice-core-based volcanic forcing data, Nilometer measurements, and ancient Egyptian writings. We then examine the response of Ptolemaic Egypt (305–30 BCE), one of the best-documented ancient superpowers, to volcanically induced Nile suppression. Eruptions are associated with revolt onset against elite rule, and the cessation of Ptolemaic state warfare with their great rival, the Seleukid Empire. Eruptions are also followed by socioeconomic stress with increased hereditary land sales, and the issuance of priestly decrees to reinforce elite authority. Ptolemaic vulnerability to volcanic eruptions offers a caution for all monsoon-dependent agricultural regions, presently including 70% of world population. |
format |
Text |
author |
Manning, Joseph G. Ludlow, Francis Stine, Alexander R. Boos, William R. Sigl, Michael Marlon, Jennifer R. |
author_facet |
Manning, Joseph G. Ludlow, Francis Stine, Alexander R. Boos, William R. Sigl, Michael Marlon, Jennifer R. |
author_sort |
Manning, Joseph G. |
title |
Volcanic suppression of Nile summer flooding triggers revolt and constrains interstate conflict in ancient Egypt |
title_short |
Volcanic suppression of Nile summer flooding triggers revolt and constrains interstate conflict in ancient Egypt |
title_full |
Volcanic suppression of Nile summer flooding triggers revolt and constrains interstate conflict in ancient Egypt |
title_fullStr |
Volcanic suppression of Nile summer flooding triggers revolt and constrains interstate conflict in ancient Egypt |
title_full_unstemmed |
Volcanic suppression of Nile summer flooding triggers revolt and constrains interstate conflict in ancient Egypt |
title_sort |
volcanic suppression of nile summer flooding triggers revolt and constrains interstate conflict in ancient egypt |
publisher |
Nature Publishing Group UK |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5645420/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29042538 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-00957-y |
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5645420/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29042538 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-00957-y |
op_rights |
© The Author(s) 2017 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. |
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CC-BY |
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https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-00957-y |
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Nature Communications |
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8 |
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