Emerging negative Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation index in spite of warm subtropics
Sea surface temperatures in the northern North Atlantic have shown a marked decrease over the past several years. The sea surface in the subpolar gyre is now as cold as it was during the last cold phase of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation index in the 1990s. This climate index is associated wit...
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:5593924 2023-05-15T17:33:14+02:00 Emerging negative Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation index in spite of warm subtropics Frajka-Williams, Eleanor Beaulieu, Claudie Duchez, Aurelie 2017-09-11 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5593924/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28894211 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-11046-x en eng Nature Publishing Group UK http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5593924/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28894211 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-11046-x © The Author(s) 2017 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. CC-BY Article Text 2017 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-11046-x 2017-09-17T01:26:27Z Sea surface temperatures in the northern North Atlantic have shown a marked decrease over the past several years. The sea surface in the subpolar gyre is now as cold as it was during the last cold phase of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation index in the 1990s. This climate index is associated with shifts in hurricane activity, rainfall patterns and intensity, and changes in fish populations. However, unlike the last cold period in the Atlantic, the spatial pattern of sea surface temperature anomalies in the Atlantic is not uniformly cool, but instead has anomalously cold temperatures in the subpolar gyre, warm temperatures in the subtropics and cool anomalies over the tropics. The tripole pattern of anomalies has increased the subpolar to subtropical meridional gradient in SSTs, which are not represented by the AMO index value, but which may lead to increased atmospheric baroclinicity and storminess. Here we show that the recent Atlantic cooling is likely to persist, as predicted by a statistical forecast of subsurface ocean temperatures and consistent with the irreversible nature of watermass changes involved in the recent cooling of the subpolar gyre. Text North Atlantic PubMed Central (PMC) Scientific Reports 7 1 |
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Article Frajka-Williams, Eleanor Beaulieu, Claudie Duchez, Aurelie Emerging negative Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation index in spite of warm subtropics |
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Article |
description |
Sea surface temperatures in the northern North Atlantic have shown a marked decrease over the past several years. The sea surface in the subpolar gyre is now as cold as it was during the last cold phase of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation index in the 1990s. This climate index is associated with shifts in hurricane activity, rainfall patterns and intensity, and changes in fish populations. However, unlike the last cold period in the Atlantic, the spatial pattern of sea surface temperature anomalies in the Atlantic is not uniformly cool, but instead has anomalously cold temperatures in the subpolar gyre, warm temperatures in the subtropics and cool anomalies over the tropics. The tripole pattern of anomalies has increased the subpolar to subtropical meridional gradient in SSTs, which are not represented by the AMO index value, but which may lead to increased atmospheric baroclinicity and storminess. Here we show that the recent Atlantic cooling is likely to persist, as predicted by a statistical forecast of subsurface ocean temperatures and consistent with the irreversible nature of watermass changes involved in the recent cooling of the subpolar gyre. |
format |
Text |
author |
Frajka-Williams, Eleanor Beaulieu, Claudie Duchez, Aurelie |
author_facet |
Frajka-Williams, Eleanor Beaulieu, Claudie Duchez, Aurelie |
author_sort |
Frajka-Williams, Eleanor |
title |
Emerging negative Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation index in spite of warm subtropics |
title_short |
Emerging negative Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation index in spite of warm subtropics |
title_full |
Emerging negative Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation index in spite of warm subtropics |
title_fullStr |
Emerging negative Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation index in spite of warm subtropics |
title_full_unstemmed |
Emerging negative Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation index in spite of warm subtropics |
title_sort |
emerging negative atlantic multidecadal oscillation index in spite of warm subtropics |
publisher |
Nature Publishing Group UK |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5593924/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28894211 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-11046-x |
genre |
North Atlantic |
genre_facet |
North Atlantic |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5593924/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28894211 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-11046-x |
op_rights |
© The Author(s) 2017 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. |
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https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-11046-x |
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