A toothless dwarf dolphin (Odontoceti: Xenorophidae) points to explosive feeding diversification of modern whales (Neoceti)
Toothed whales (Odontoceti) are adapted for catching prey underwater and possess some of the most derived feeding specializations of all mammals, including the loss of milk teeth (monophyodonty), high tooth count (polydonty), and the loss of discrete tooth classes (homodonty). Many extant odontocete...
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:5577471 2023-05-15T18:33:31+02:00 A toothless dwarf dolphin (Odontoceti: Xenorophidae) points to explosive feeding diversification of modern whales (Neoceti) Boessenecker, Robert W. Fraser, Danielle Churchill, Morgan Geisler, Jonathan H. 2017-08-30 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5577471/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28835549 https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2017.0531 en eng The Royal Society http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5577471/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28835549 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2017.0531 © 2017 The Author(s) http://royalsocietypublishing.org/licence Published by the Royal Society. All rights reserved. Palaeobiology Text 2017 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2017.0531 2018-09-02T00:19:59Z Toothed whales (Odontoceti) are adapted for catching prey underwater and possess some of the most derived feeding specializations of all mammals, including the loss of milk teeth (monophyodonty), high tooth count (polydonty), and the loss of discrete tooth classes (homodonty). Many extant odontocetes possess some combination of short, broad rostra, reduced tooth counts, fleshy lips, and enlarged hyoid bones—all adaptations for suction feeding upon fishes and squid. We report a new fossil odontocete from the Oligocene (approx. 30 Ma) of South Carolina (Inermorostrum xenops, gen. et sp. nov.) that possesses adaptations for suction feeding: toothlessness and a shortened rostrum (brevirostry). Enlarged foramina on the rostrum suggest the presence of enlarged lips or perhaps vibrissae. Phylogenetic analysis firmly places Inermorostrum within the Xenorophidae, an early diverging odontocete clade typified by long-snouted, heterodont dolphins. Inermorostrum is the earliest obligate suction feeder within the Odontoceti, a feeding mode that independently evolved several times within the clade. Analysis of macroevolutionary trends in rostral shape indicate stabilizing selection around an optimum rostral shape over the course of odontocete evolution, and a post-Eocene explosion in feeding morphology, heralding the diversity of feeding behaviour among modern Odontoceti. Text toothed whales PubMed Central (PMC) Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 284 1861 20170531 |
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Palaeobiology Boessenecker, Robert W. Fraser, Danielle Churchill, Morgan Geisler, Jonathan H. A toothless dwarf dolphin (Odontoceti: Xenorophidae) points to explosive feeding diversification of modern whales (Neoceti) |
topic_facet |
Palaeobiology |
description |
Toothed whales (Odontoceti) are adapted for catching prey underwater and possess some of the most derived feeding specializations of all mammals, including the loss of milk teeth (monophyodonty), high tooth count (polydonty), and the loss of discrete tooth classes (homodonty). Many extant odontocetes possess some combination of short, broad rostra, reduced tooth counts, fleshy lips, and enlarged hyoid bones—all adaptations for suction feeding upon fishes and squid. We report a new fossil odontocete from the Oligocene (approx. 30 Ma) of South Carolina (Inermorostrum xenops, gen. et sp. nov.) that possesses adaptations for suction feeding: toothlessness and a shortened rostrum (brevirostry). Enlarged foramina on the rostrum suggest the presence of enlarged lips or perhaps vibrissae. Phylogenetic analysis firmly places Inermorostrum within the Xenorophidae, an early diverging odontocete clade typified by long-snouted, heterodont dolphins. Inermorostrum is the earliest obligate suction feeder within the Odontoceti, a feeding mode that independently evolved several times within the clade. Analysis of macroevolutionary trends in rostral shape indicate stabilizing selection around an optimum rostral shape over the course of odontocete evolution, and a post-Eocene explosion in feeding morphology, heralding the diversity of feeding behaviour among modern Odontoceti. |
format |
Text |
author |
Boessenecker, Robert W. Fraser, Danielle Churchill, Morgan Geisler, Jonathan H. |
author_facet |
Boessenecker, Robert W. Fraser, Danielle Churchill, Morgan Geisler, Jonathan H. |
author_sort |
Boessenecker, Robert W. |
title |
A toothless dwarf dolphin (Odontoceti: Xenorophidae) points to explosive feeding diversification of modern whales (Neoceti) |
title_short |
A toothless dwarf dolphin (Odontoceti: Xenorophidae) points to explosive feeding diversification of modern whales (Neoceti) |
title_full |
A toothless dwarf dolphin (Odontoceti: Xenorophidae) points to explosive feeding diversification of modern whales (Neoceti) |
title_fullStr |
A toothless dwarf dolphin (Odontoceti: Xenorophidae) points to explosive feeding diversification of modern whales (Neoceti) |
title_full_unstemmed |
A toothless dwarf dolphin (Odontoceti: Xenorophidae) points to explosive feeding diversification of modern whales (Neoceti) |
title_sort |
toothless dwarf dolphin (odontoceti: xenorophidae) points to explosive feeding diversification of modern whales (neoceti) |
publisher |
The Royal Society |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5577471/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28835549 https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2017.0531 |
genre |
toothed whales |
genre_facet |
toothed whales |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5577471/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28835549 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2017.0531 |
op_rights |
© 2017 The Author(s) http://royalsocietypublishing.org/licence Published by the Royal Society. All rights reserved. |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2017.0531 |
container_title |
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences |
container_volume |
284 |
container_issue |
1861 |
container_start_page |
20170531 |
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1766218133254701056 |