Changes in North Atlantic Oscillation drove Population Migrations and the Collapse of the Western Roman Empire
Shifts in the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) from 1–2 to 0–1 in four episodes increased droughts on the Roman Empire’s periphery and created push factors for migrations. These climatic events are associated with the movements of the Cimbri and Teutones from 113–101 B.C., the Marcomanni and Quadi f...
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:5430833 2023-05-15T17:30:24+02:00 Changes in North Atlantic Oscillation drove Population Migrations and the Collapse of the Western Roman Empire Drake, B. Lee 2017-04-27 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5430833/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28450746 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-01289-z en eng Nature Publishing Group UK http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5430833/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28450746 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-01289-z © The Author(s) 2017 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. CC-BY Article Text 2017 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-01289-z 2017-05-21T00:22:28Z Shifts in the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) from 1–2 to 0–1 in four episodes increased droughts on the Roman Empire’s periphery and created push factors for migrations. These climatic events are associated with the movements of the Cimbri and Teutones from 113–101 B.C., the Marcomanni and Quadi from 164 to 180 A.D., the Goths in 376 A.D., and the broad population movements of the Migration Period from 500 to 600 A.D. Weakening of the NAO in the instrumental record of the NAO have been associated with a shift to drought in the areas of origin for the Cimbri, Quadi, Visigoths, Ostrogoths, Huns, and Slavs. While other climate indices indicate deteriorating climate after 200 A.D. and cooler conditions after 500 A.D., the NAO may indicate a specific cause for the punctuated history of migrations in Late Antiquity. Periodic weakening of the NAO caused drought in the regions of origin for tribes in antiquity, and may have created a powerful push factor for human migration. While climate change is frequently considered as a threat to sustainability, its role as a conflict amplifier in history may be one of its largest impacts on populations. Text North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation PubMed Central (PMC) Scientific Reports 7 1 |
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Article Drake, B. Lee Changes in North Atlantic Oscillation drove Population Migrations and the Collapse of the Western Roman Empire |
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Shifts in the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) from 1–2 to 0–1 in four episodes increased droughts on the Roman Empire’s periphery and created push factors for migrations. These climatic events are associated with the movements of the Cimbri and Teutones from 113–101 B.C., the Marcomanni and Quadi from 164 to 180 A.D., the Goths in 376 A.D., and the broad population movements of the Migration Period from 500 to 600 A.D. Weakening of the NAO in the instrumental record of the NAO have been associated with a shift to drought in the areas of origin for the Cimbri, Quadi, Visigoths, Ostrogoths, Huns, and Slavs. While other climate indices indicate deteriorating climate after 200 A.D. and cooler conditions after 500 A.D., the NAO may indicate a specific cause for the punctuated history of migrations in Late Antiquity. Periodic weakening of the NAO caused drought in the regions of origin for tribes in antiquity, and may have created a powerful push factor for human migration. While climate change is frequently considered as a threat to sustainability, its role as a conflict amplifier in history may be one of its largest impacts on populations. |
format |
Text |
author |
Drake, B. Lee |
author_facet |
Drake, B. Lee |
author_sort |
Drake, B. Lee |
title |
Changes in North Atlantic Oscillation drove Population Migrations and the Collapse of the Western Roman Empire |
title_short |
Changes in North Atlantic Oscillation drove Population Migrations and the Collapse of the Western Roman Empire |
title_full |
Changes in North Atlantic Oscillation drove Population Migrations and the Collapse of the Western Roman Empire |
title_fullStr |
Changes in North Atlantic Oscillation drove Population Migrations and the Collapse of the Western Roman Empire |
title_full_unstemmed |
Changes in North Atlantic Oscillation drove Population Migrations and the Collapse of the Western Roman Empire |
title_sort |
changes in north atlantic oscillation drove population migrations and the collapse of the western roman empire |
publisher |
Nature Publishing Group UK |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5430833/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28450746 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-01289-z |
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North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation |
genre_facet |
North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5430833/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28450746 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-01289-z |
op_rights |
© The Author(s) 2017 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. |
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CC-BY |
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https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-01289-z |
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