Mobility of moose—comparing the effects of wolf predation risk, reproductive status, and seasonality
In a predator–prey system, prey species may adapt to the presence of predators with behavioral changes such as increased vigilance, shifting habitats, or changes in their mobility. In North America, moose (Alces alces) have shown behavioral adaptations to presence of predators, but such antipredator...
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:5192942 2023-05-15T13:13:20+02:00 Mobility of moose—comparing the effects of wolf predation risk, reproductive status, and seasonality Wikenros, Camilla Balogh, Gyöngyvér Sand, Håkan Nicholson, Kerry L. Månsson, Johan 2016-11-21 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5192942/ https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.2598 en eng John Wiley and Sons Inc. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5192942/ http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.2598 © 2016 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. CC-BY Original Research Text 2016 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.2598 2017-01-01T01:08:54Z In a predator–prey system, prey species may adapt to the presence of predators with behavioral changes such as increased vigilance, shifting habitats, or changes in their mobility. In North America, moose (Alces alces) have shown behavioral adaptations to presence of predators, but such antipredator behavioral responses have not yet been found in Scandinavian moose in response to the recolonization of wolves (Canis lupus). We studied travel speed and direction of movement of GPS‐collared female moose (n = 26) in relation to spatiotemporal differences in wolf predation risk, reproductive status, and time of year. Travel speed was highest during the calving (May–July) and postcalving (August–October) seasons and was lower for females with calves than females without calves. Similarly, time of year and reproductive status affected the direction of movement, as more concentrated movement was observed for females with calves at heel, during the calving season. We did not find support for that wolf predation risk was an important factor affecting moose travel speed or direction of movement. Likely causal factors for the weak effect of wolf predation risk on mobility of moose include high moose‐to‐wolf ratio and intensive hunter harvest of the moose population during the past century. Text Alces alces Canis lupus PubMed Central (PMC) Ecology and Evolution 6 24 8870 8880 |
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Original Research Wikenros, Camilla Balogh, Gyöngyvér Sand, Håkan Nicholson, Kerry L. Månsson, Johan Mobility of moose—comparing the effects of wolf predation risk, reproductive status, and seasonality |
topic_facet |
Original Research |
description |
In a predator–prey system, prey species may adapt to the presence of predators with behavioral changes such as increased vigilance, shifting habitats, or changes in their mobility. In North America, moose (Alces alces) have shown behavioral adaptations to presence of predators, but such antipredator behavioral responses have not yet been found in Scandinavian moose in response to the recolonization of wolves (Canis lupus). We studied travel speed and direction of movement of GPS‐collared female moose (n = 26) in relation to spatiotemporal differences in wolf predation risk, reproductive status, and time of year. Travel speed was highest during the calving (May–July) and postcalving (August–October) seasons and was lower for females with calves than females without calves. Similarly, time of year and reproductive status affected the direction of movement, as more concentrated movement was observed for females with calves at heel, during the calving season. We did not find support for that wolf predation risk was an important factor affecting moose travel speed or direction of movement. Likely causal factors for the weak effect of wolf predation risk on mobility of moose include high moose‐to‐wolf ratio and intensive hunter harvest of the moose population during the past century. |
format |
Text |
author |
Wikenros, Camilla Balogh, Gyöngyvér Sand, Håkan Nicholson, Kerry L. Månsson, Johan |
author_facet |
Wikenros, Camilla Balogh, Gyöngyvér Sand, Håkan Nicholson, Kerry L. Månsson, Johan |
author_sort |
Wikenros, Camilla |
title |
Mobility of moose—comparing the effects of wolf predation risk, reproductive status, and seasonality |
title_short |
Mobility of moose—comparing the effects of wolf predation risk, reproductive status, and seasonality |
title_full |
Mobility of moose—comparing the effects of wolf predation risk, reproductive status, and seasonality |
title_fullStr |
Mobility of moose—comparing the effects of wolf predation risk, reproductive status, and seasonality |
title_full_unstemmed |
Mobility of moose—comparing the effects of wolf predation risk, reproductive status, and seasonality |
title_sort |
mobility of moose—comparing the effects of wolf predation risk, reproductive status, and seasonality |
publisher |
John Wiley and Sons Inc. |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5192942/ https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.2598 |
genre |
Alces alces Canis lupus |
genre_facet |
Alces alces Canis lupus |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5192942/ http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.2598 |
op_rights |
© 2016 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.2598 |
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Ecology and Evolution |
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6 |
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24 |
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8870 |
op_container_end_page |
8880 |
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1766257688362090496 |