Suicide and Suicide Prevention among Inuit in Canada

• Published in: The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry
• Main Author: Kral, Michael J.
• Format: Text
• Language: English
• Published: SAGE Publications 2016
• Subjects: In Review Series; Canada; inuit
• Online Access: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5066555/; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27738249; https://doi.org/10.1177/0706743716661329

Inuit in Canada have among the highest suicide rates in the world, and it is primarily among their youth. Risk factors include known ones such as depression, substance use, a history of abuse, and knowing others who have made attempts or have killed themselves, however of importance are the negative effects of colonialism. This took place for Inuit primarily during the government era starting in the 1950s, when Inuit were moved from their family-based land camps to crowded settlements run by white men, and children were removed from their parents and placed into residential or day schools. This caused more disorganization than reorganization. The most negative effect of this colonialism/imperialism for Inuit has been on their family and sexual relationships. Many Inuit youth feel alone and rejected. Suicide prevention has been taking place, the most successful being community-driven programs developed and run by Inuit. Mental health factors for Indigenous peoples are often cultural. It is recommended that practitioners work with the community and with Inuit organizations. Empowered communities can be healing.