Relationship of Bacterial Richness to Organic Degradation Rate and Sediment Age in Subseafloor Sediment
Subseafloor sediment hosts a large, taxonomically rich, and metabolically diverse microbial ecosystem. However, the factors that control microbial diversity in subseafloor sediment have rarely been explored. Here, we show that bacterial richness varies with organic degradation rate and sediment age....
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American Society for Microbiology
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:4968545 2023-05-15T15:43:49+02:00 Relationship of Bacterial Richness to Organic Degradation Rate and Sediment Age in Subseafloor Sediment Walsh, Emily A. Kirkpatrick, John B. Pockalny, Robert Sauvage, Justine Spivack, Arthur J. Murray, Richard W. Sogin, Mitchell L. D'Hondt, Steven 2016-07-29 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4968545/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27287321 https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00809-16 en eng American Society for Microbiology http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4968545/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27287321 http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00809-16 Copyright © 2016 Walsh et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . CC-BY Microbial Ecology Text 2016 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00809-16 2016-08-14T00:12:13Z Subseafloor sediment hosts a large, taxonomically rich, and metabolically diverse microbial ecosystem. However, the factors that control microbial diversity in subseafloor sediment have rarely been explored. Here, we show that bacterial richness varies with organic degradation rate and sediment age. At three open-ocean sites (in the Bering Sea and equatorial Pacific) and one continental margin site (Indian Ocean), richness decreases exponentially with increasing sediment depth. The rate of decrease in richness with increasing depth varies from site to site. The vertical succession of predominant terminal electron acceptors correlates with abundance-weighted community composition but does not drive the vertical decrease in richness. Vertical patterns of richness at the open-ocean sites closely match organic degradation rates; both properties are highest near the seafloor and decline together as sediment depth increases. This relationship suggests that (i) total catabolic activity and/or electron donor diversity exerts a primary influence on bacterial richness in marine sediment and (ii) many bacterial taxa that are poorly adapted for subseafloor sedimentary conditions are degraded in the geologically young sediment, where respiration rates are high. Richness consistently takes a few hundred thousand years to decline from near-seafloor values to much lower values in deep anoxic subseafloor sediment, regardless of sedimentation rate, predominant terminal electron acceptor, or oceanographic context. Text Bering Sea PubMed Central (PMC) Bering Sea Indian Pacific Applied and Environmental Microbiology 82 16 4994 4999 |
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English |
topic |
Microbial Ecology |
spellingShingle |
Microbial Ecology Walsh, Emily A. Kirkpatrick, John B. Pockalny, Robert Sauvage, Justine Spivack, Arthur J. Murray, Richard W. Sogin, Mitchell L. D'Hondt, Steven Relationship of Bacterial Richness to Organic Degradation Rate and Sediment Age in Subseafloor Sediment |
topic_facet |
Microbial Ecology |
description |
Subseafloor sediment hosts a large, taxonomically rich, and metabolically diverse microbial ecosystem. However, the factors that control microbial diversity in subseafloor sediment have rarely been explored. Here, we show that bacterial richness varies with organic degradation rate and sediment age. At three open-ocean sites (in the Bering Sea and equatorial Pacific) and one continental margin site (Indian Ocean), richness decreases exponentially with increasing sediment depth. The rate of decrease in richness with increasing depth varies from site to site. The vertical succession of predominant terminal electron acceptors correlates with abundance-weighted community composition but does not drive the vertical decrease in richness. Vertical patterns of richness at the open-ocean sites closely match organic degradation rates; both properties are highest near the seafloor and decline together as sediment depth increases. This relationship suggests that (i) total catabolic activity and/or electron donor diversity exerts a primary influence on bacterial richness in marine sediment and (ii) many bacterial taxa that are poorly adapted for subseafloor sedimentary conditions are degraded in the geologically young sediment, where respiration rates are high. Richness consistently takes a few hundred thousand years to decline from near-seafloor values to much lower values in deep anoxic subseafloor sediment, regardless of sedimentation rate, predominant terminal electron acceptor, or oceanographic context. |
format |
Text |
author |
Walsh, Emily A. Kirkpatrick, John B. Pockalny, Robert Sauvage, Justine Spivack, Arthur J. Murray, Richard W. Sogin, Mitchell L. D'Hondt, Steven |
author_facet |
Walsh, Emily A. Kirkpatrick, John B. Pockalny, Robert Sauvage, Justine Spivack, Arthur J. Murray, Richard W. Sogin, Mitchell L. D'Hondt, Steven |
author_sort |
Walsh, Emily A. |
title |
Relationship of Bacterial Richness to Organic Degradation Rate and Sediment Age in Subseafloor Sediment |
title_short |
Relationship of Bacterial Richness to Organic Degradation Rate and Sediment Age in Subseafloor Sediment |
title_full |
Relationship of Bacterial Richness to Organic Degradation Rate and Sediment Age in Subseafloor Sediment |
title_fullStr |
Relationship of Bacterial Richness to Organic Degradation Rate and Sediment Age in Subseafloor Sediment |
title_full_unstemmed |
Relationship of Bacterial Richness to Organic Degradation Rate and Sediment Age in Subseafloor Sediment |
title_sort |
relationship of bacterial richness to organic degradation rate and sediment age in subseafloor sediment |
publisher |
American Society for Microbiology |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4968545/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27287321 https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00809-16 |
geographic |
Bering Sea Indian Pacific |
geographic_facet |
Bering Sea Indian Pacific |
genre |
Bering Sea |
genre_facet |
Bering Sea |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4968545/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27287321 http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00809-16 |
op_rights |
Copyright © 2016 Walsh et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00809-16 |
container_title |
Applied and Environmental Microbiology |
container_volume |
82 |
container_issue |
16 |
container_start_page |
4994 |
op_container_end_page |
4999 |
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1766378019200434176 |