Latitudinal variation in virus-induced mortality of phytoplankton across the North Atlantic Ocean
Viral lysis of phytoplankton constrains marine primary production, food web dynamics and biogeochemical cycles in the ocean. Yet, little is known about the biogeographical distribution of viral lysis rates across the global ocean. To address this, we investigated phytoplankton group-specific viral l...
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:4737940 2023-05-15T17:27:50+02:00 Latitudinal variation in virus-induced mortality of phytoplankton across the North Atlantic Ocean Mojica, Kristina D A Huisman, Jef Wilhelm, Steven W Brussaard, Corina P D 2016-02 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4737940/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26262815 https://doi.org/10.1038/ismej.2015.130 en eng Nature Publishing Group http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4737940/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26262815 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ismej.2015.130 Copyright © 2016 International Society for Microbial Ecology Original Article Text 2016 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1038/ismej.2015.130 2017-02-05T01:03:14Z Viral lysis of phytoplankton constrains marine primary production, food web dynamics and biogeochemical cycles in the ocean. Yet, little is known about the biogeographical distribution of viral lysis rates across the global ocean. To address this, we investigated phytoplankton group-specific viral lysis rates along a latitudinal gradient within the North Atlantic Ocean. The data show large-scale distribution patterns of different virus groups across the North Atlantic that are associated with the biogeographical distributions of their potential microbial hosts. Average virus-mediated lysis rates of the picocyanobacteria Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus were lower than those of the picoeukaryotic and nanoeukaryotic phytoplankton (that is, 0.14 per day compared with 0.19 and 0.23 per day, respectively). Total phytoplankton mortality (virus plus grazer-mediated) was comparable to the gross growth rate, demonstrating high turnover rates of phytoplankton populations. Virus-induced mortality was an important loss process at low and mid latitudes, whereas phytoplankton mortality was dominated by microzooplankton grazing at higher latitudes (>56°N). This shift from a viral-lysis-dominated to a grazing-dominated phytoplankton community was associated with a decrease in temperature and salinity, and the decrease in viral lysis rates was also associated with increased vertical mixing at higher latitudes. Ocean-climate models predict that surface warming will lead to an expansion of the stratified and oligotrophic regions of the world's oceans. Our findings suggest that these future shifts in the regional climate of the ocean surface layer are likely to increase the contribution of viral lysis to phytoplankton mortality in the higher-latitude waters of the North Atlantic, which may potentially reduce transfer of matter and energy up the food chain and thus affect the capacity of the northern North Atlantic to act as a long-term sink for CO2. Text North Atlantic PubMed Central (PMC) The ISME Journal 10 2 500 513 |
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Original Article Mojica, Kristina D A Huisman, Jef Wilhelm, Steven W Brussaard, Corina P D Latitudinal variation in virus-induced mortality of phytoplankton across the North Atlantic Ocean |
topic_facet |
Original Article |
description |
Viral lysis of phytoplankton constrains marine primary production, food web dynamics and biogeochemical cycles in the ocean. Yet, little is known about the biogeographical distribution of viral lysis rates across the global ocean. To address this, we investigated phytoplankton group-specific viral lysis rates along a latitudinal gradient within the North Atlantic Ocean. The data show large-scale distribution patterns of different virus groups across the North Atlantic that are associated with the biogeographical distributions of their potential microbial hosts. Average virus-mediated lysis rates of the picocyanobacteria Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus were lower than those of the picoeukaryotic and nanoeukaryotic phytoplankton (that is, 0.14 per day compared with 0.19 and 0.23 per day, respectively). Total phytoplankton mortality (virus plus grazer-mediated) was comparable to the gross growth rate, demonstrating high turnover rates of phytoplankton populations. Virus-induced mortality was an important loss process at low and mid latitudes, whereas phytoplankton mortality was dominated by microzooplankton grazing at higher latitudes (>56°N). This shift from a viral-lysis-dominated to a grazing-dominated phytoplankton community was associated with a decrease in temperature and salinity, and the decrease in viral lysis rates was also associated with increased vertical mixing at higher latitudes. Ocean-climate models predict that surface warming will lead to an expansion of the stratified and oligotrophic regions of the world's oceans. Our findings suggest that these future shifts in the regional climate of the ocean surface layer are likely to increase the contribution of viral lysis to phytoplankton mortality in the higher-latitude waters of the North Atlantic, which may potentially reduce transfer of matter and energy up the food chain and thus affect the capacity of the northern North Atlantic to act as a long-term sink for CO2. |
format |
Text |
author |
Mojica, Kristina D A Huisman, Jef Wilhelm, Steven W Brussaard, Corina P D |
author_facet |
Mojica, Kristina D A Huisman, Jef Wilhelm, Steven W Brussaard, Corina P D |
author_sort |
Mojica, Kristina D A |
title |
Latitudinal variation in virus-induced mortality of phytoplankton across the North Atlantic Ocean |
title_short |
Latitudinal variation in virus-induced mortality of phytoplankton across the North Atlantic Ocean |
title_full |
Latitudinal variation in virus-induced mortality of phytoplankton across the North Atlantic Ocean |
title_fullStr |
Latitudinal variation in virus-induced mortality of phytoplankton across the North Atlantic Ocean |
title_full_unstemmed |
Latitudinal variation in virus-induced mortality of phytoplankton across the North Atlantic Ocean |
title_sort |
latitudinal variation in virus-induced mortality of phytoplankton across the north atlantic ocean |
publisher |
Nature Publishing Group |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4737940/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26262815 https://doi.org/10.1038/ismej.2015.130 |
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North Atlantic |
genre_facet |
North Atlantic |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4737940/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26262815 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ismej.2015.130 |
op_rights |
Copyright © 2016 International Society for Microbial Ecology |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1038/ismej.2015.130 |
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The ISME Journal |
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10 |
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2 |
container_start_page |
500 |
op_container_end_page |
513 |
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1766120145360519168 |