Major decline in marine and terrestrial animal consumption by brown bears (Ursus arctos)
Human activities have had the strongest impacts on natural ecosystems since the last glacial period, including the alteration of interspecific relationships such as food webs. In this paper, we present a historical record of major alterations of trophic structure by revealing millennium-scale dietar...
Published in: | Scientific Reports |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
Format: | Text |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Nature Publishing Group
2015
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4361857 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25776994 https://doi.org/10.1038/srep09203 |
id |
ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:4361857 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:4361857 2023-05-15T18:41:52+02:00 Major decline in marine and terrestrial animal consumption by brown bears (Ursus arctos) Matsubayashi, Jun Morimoto, Junko O. Tayasu, Ichiro Mano, Tsutomu Nakajima, Miyuki Takahashi, Osamu Kobayashi, Kyoko Nakamura, Futoshi 2015-03-17 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4361857 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25776994 https://doi.org/10.1038/srep09203 en eng Nature Publishing Group http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25776994 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep09203 Copyright © 2015, Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder in order to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ CC-BY Article Text 2015 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1038/srep09203 2015-03-22T01:07:18Z Human activities have had the strongest impacts on natural ecosystems since the last glacial period, including the alteration of interspecific relationships such as food webs. In this paper, we present a historical record of major alterations of trophic structure by revealing millennium-scale dietary shifts of brown bears (Ursus arctos) on the Hokkaido islands, Japan, using carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur stable isotope analysis. Dietary analysis of brown bears revealed that salmon consumption by bears in the eastern region of Hokkaido significantly decreased from 19% to 8%. In addition, consumption of terrestrial animals decreased from 56% to 5% in western region, and 64% to 8% in eastern region. These dietary shifts are likely to have occurred in the last approximately 100–200 years, which coincides with the beginning of modernisation in this region. Our results suggest that human activities have caused an alteration in the trophic structure of brown bears in the Hokkaido islands. This alteration includes a major decline in the marine-terrestrial linkage in eastern region, and a loss of indirect-interactions between bears and wolves, because the interactions potentially enhanced deer predation by brown bears. Text Ursus arctos PubMed Central (PMC) Scientific Reports 5 1 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
PubMed Central (PMC) |
op_collection_id |
ftpubmed |
language |
English |
topic |
Article |
spellingShingle |
Article Matsubayashi, Jun Morimoto, Junko O. Tayasu, Ichiro Mano, Tsutomu Nakajima, Miyuki Takahashi, Osamu Kobayashi, Kyoko Nakamura, Futoshi Major decline in marine and terrestrial animal consumption by brown bears (Ursus arctos) |
topic_facet |
Article |
description |
Human activities have had the strongest impacts on natural ecosystems since the last glacial period, including the alteration of interspecific relationships such as food webs. In this paper, we present a historical record of major alterations of trophic structure by revealing millennium-scale dietary shifts of brown bears (Ursus arctos) on the Hokkaido islands, Japan, using carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur stable isotope analysis. Dietary analysis of brown bears revealed that salmon consumption by bears in the eastern region of Hokkaido significantly decreased from 19% to 8%. In addition, consumption of terrestrial animals decreased from 56% to 5% in western region, and 64% to 8% in eastern region. These dietary shifts are likely to have occurred in the last approximately 100–200 years, which coincides with the beginning of modernisation in this region. Our results suggest that human activities have caused an alteration in the trophic structure of brown bears in the Hokkaido islands. This alteration includes a major decline in the marine-terrestrial linkage in eastern region, and a loss of indirect-interactions between bears and wolves, because the interactions potentially enhanced deer predation by brown bears. |
format |
Text |
author |
Matsubayashi, Jun Morimoto, Junko O. Tayasu, Ichiro Mano, Tsutomu Nakajima, Miyuki Takahashi, Osamu Kobayashi, Kyoko Nakamura, Futoshi |
author_facet |
Matsubayashi, Jun Morimoto, Junko O. Tayasu, Ichiro Mano, Tsutomu Nakajima, Miyuki Takahashi, Osamu Kobayashi, Kyoko Nakamura, Futoshi |
author_sort |
Matsubayashi, Jun |
title |
Major decline in marine and terrestrial animal consumption by brown bears (Ursus arctos) |
title_short |
Major decline in marine and terrestrial animal consumption by brown bears (Ursus arctos) |
title_full |
Major decline in marine and terrestrial animal consumption by brown bears (Ursus arctos) |
title_fullStr |
Major decline in marine and terrestrial animal consumption by brown bears (Ursus arctos) |
title_full_unstemmed |
Major decline in marine and terrestrial animal consumption by brown bears (Ursus arctos) |
title_sort |
major decline in marine and terrestrial animal consumption by brown bears (ursus arctos) |
publisher |
Nature Publishing Group |
publishDate |
2015 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4361857 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25776994 https://doi.org/10.1038/srep09203 |
genre |
Ursus arctos |
genre_facet |
Ursus arctos |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25776994 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep09203 |
op_rights |
Copyright © 2015, Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder in order to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1038/srep09203 |
container_title |
Scientific Reports |
container_volume |
5 |
container_issue |
1 |
_version_ |
1766231433320333312 |