Survival in macaroni penguins and the relative importance of different drivers: individual traits, predation pressure and environmental variability
Understanding the demographic response of free-living animal populations to different drivers is the first step towards reliable prediction of population trends.Penguins have exhibited dramatic declines in population size, and many studies have linked this to bottom-up processes altering the abundan...
Published in: | Journal of Animal Ecology |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Text |
Language: | English |
Published: |
BlackWell Publishing Ltd
2014
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4284017 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24846695 https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2656.12229 |
id |
ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:4284017 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:4284017 2023-05-15T16:08:23+02:00 Survival in macaroni penguins and the relative importance of different drivers: individual traits, predation pressure and environmental variability Horswill, Catharine Matthiopoulos, Jason Green, Jonathan A Meredith, Michael P Forcada, Jaume Peat, Helen Preston, Mark Trathan, Phil N Ratcliffe, Norman 2014-09 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4284017 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24846695 https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2656.12229 en eng BlackWell Publishing Ltd http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24846695 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2656.12229 © 2014 The Authors. Journal of Animal Ecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of British Ecological Society. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. CC-BY Demography Text 2014 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2656.12229 2015-01-18T01:15:46Z Understanding the demographic response of free-living animal populations to different drivers is the first step towards reliable prediction of population trends.Penguins have exhibited dramatic declines in population size, and many studies have linked this to bottom-up processes altering the abundance of prey species. The effects of individual traits have been considered to a lesser extent, and top-down regulation through predation has been largely overlooked due to the difficulties in empirically measuring this at sea where it usually occurs.For 10 years (2003–2012), macaroni penguins (Eudyptes chrysolophus) were marked with subcutaneous electronic transponder tags and re-encountered using an automated gateway system fitted at the entrance to the colony. We used multistate mark–recapture modelling to identify the different drivers influencing survival rates and a sensitivity analysis to assess their relative importance across different life stages.Survival rates were low and variable during the fledging year (mean = 0·33), increasing to much higher levels from age 1 onwards (mean = 0·89). We show that survival of macaroni penguins is driven by a combination of individual quality, top-down predation pressure and bottom-up environmental forces. The relative importance of these covariates was age specific. During the fledging year, survival rates were most sensitive to top-down predation pressure, followed by individual fledging mass, and finally bottom-up environmental effects. In contrast, birds older than 1 year showed a similar response to bottom-up environmental effects and top-down predation pressure.We infer from our results that macaroni penguins will most likely be negatively impacted by an increase in the local population size of giant petrels. Furthermore, this population is, at least in the short term, likely to be positively influenced by local warming. More broadly, our results highlight the importance of considering multiple causal effects across different life stages when examining the survival ... Text Eudyptes chrysolophus Giant Petrels PubMed Central (PMC) Journal of Animal Ecology 83 5 1057 1067 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
PubMed Central (PMC) |
op_collection_id |
ftpubmed |
language |
English |
topic |
Demography |
spellingShingle |
Demography Horswill, Catharine Matthiopoulos, Jason Green, Jonathan A Meredith, Michael P Forcada, Jaume Peat, Helen Preston, Mark Trathan, Phil N Ratcliffe, Norman Survival in macaroni penguins and the relative importance of different drivers: individual traits, predation pressure and environmental variability |
topic_facet |
Demography |
description |
Understanding the demographic response of free-living animal populations to different drivers is the first step towards reliable prediction of population trends.Penguins have exhibited dramatic declines in population size, and many studies have linked this to bottom-up processes altering the abundance of prey species. The effects of individual traits have been considered to a lesser extent, and top-down regulation through predation has been largely overlooked due to the difficulties in empirically measuring this at sea where it usually occurs.For 10 years (2003–2012), macaroni penguins (Eudyptes chrysolophus) were marked with subcutaneous electronic transponder tags and re-encountered using an automated gateway system fitted at the entrance to the colony. We used multistate mark–recapture modelling to identify the different drivers influencing survival rates and a sensitivity analysis to assess their relative importance across different life stages.Survival rates were low and variable during the fledging year (mean = 0·33), increasing to much higher levels from age 1 onwards (mean = 0·89). We show that survival of macaroni penguins is driven by a combination of individual quality, top-down predation pressure and bottom-up environmental forces. The relative importance of these covariates was age specific. During the fledging year, survival rates were most sensitive to top-down predation pressure, followed by individual fledging mass, and finally bottom-up environmental effects. In contrast, birds older than 1 year showed a similar response to bottom-up environmental effects and top-down predation pressure.We infer from our results that macaroni penguins will most likely be negatively impacted by an increase in the local population size of giant petrels. Furthermore, this population is, at least in the short term, likely to be positively influenced by local warming. More broadly, our results highlight the importance of considering multiple causal effects across different life stages when examining the survival ... |
format |
Text |
author |
Horswill, Catharine Matthiopoulos, Jason Green, Jonathan A Meredith, Michael P Forcada, Jaume Peat, Helen Preston, Mark Trathan, Phil N Ratcliffe, Norman |
author_facet |
Horswill, Catharine Matthiopoulos, Jason Green, Jonathan A Meredith, Michael P Forcada, Jaume Peat, Helen Preston, Mark Trathan, Phil N Ratcliffe, Norman |
author_sort |
Horswill, Catharine |
title |
Survival in macaroni penguins and the relative importance of different drivers: individual traits, predation pressure and environmental variability |
title_short |
Survival in macaroni penguins and the relative importance of different drivers: individual traits, predation pressure and environmental variability |
title_full |
Survival in macaroni penguins and the relative importance of different drivers: individual traits, predation pressure and environmental variability |
title_fullStr |
Survival in macaroni penguins and the relative importance of different drivers: individual traits, predation pressure and environmental variability |
title_full_unstemmed |
Survival in macaroni penguins and the relative importance of different drivers: individual traits, predation pressure and environmental variability |
title_sort |
survival in macaroni penguins and the relative importance of different drivers: individual traits, predation pressure and environmental variability |
publisher |
BlackWell Publishing Ltd |
publishDate |
2014 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4284017 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24846695 https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2656.12229 |
genre |
Eudyptes chrysolophus Giant Petrels |
genre_facet |
Eudyptes chrysolophus Giant Petrels |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24846695 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2656.12229 |
op_rights |
© 2014 The Authors. Journal of Animal Ecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of British Ecological Society. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2656.12229 |
container_title |
Journal of Animal Ecology |
container_volume |
83 |
container_issue |
5 |
container_start_page |
1057 |
op_container_end_page |
1067 |
_version_ |
1766404437522251776 |