Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar L.) as a Marine Functional Source of Gamma-Tocopherol
Gamma tocopherol (gT) exhibits beneficial cardiovascular effects partly due to its anti-inflammatory activity. Important sources of gT are vegetable oils. However, little is known to what extent gT can be transferred into marine animal species such as Atlantic salmon by feeding. Therefore, in this s...
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:4278211 2023-05-15T15:30:35+02:00 Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar L.) as a Marine Functional Source of Gamma-Tocopherol Menoyo, David Sanz-Bayón, Carmen Nessa, Anna Hesby Esatbeyoglu, Tuba Faizan, Mohammad Pallauf, Kathrin De Diego, Nuria Wagner, Anika Eva Ipharraguerre, Ignacio Stubhaug, Ingunn Rimbach, Gerald 2014-12-09 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4278211 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25501796 https://doi.org/10.3390/md12125944 en eng MDPI http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25501796 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md12125944 © 2014 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). CC-BY Article Text 2014 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.3390/md12125944 2015-01-11T01:02:14Z Gamma tocopherol (gT) exhibits beneficial cardiovascular effects partly due to its anti-inflammatory activity. Important sources of gT are vegetable oils. However, little is known to what extent gT can be transferred into marine animal species such as Atlantic salmon by feeding. Therefore, in this study we have investigated the transfer of dietary gT into salmon. To this end, fish were fed a diet supplemented with 170 ppm gT for 16 weeks whereby alpha tocopherol levels were adjusted to 190 ppm in this and the control diet. Feeding gT-rich diets resulted in a three-fold increase in gT concentrations in the liver and fillet compared to non-gT-supplemented controls. Tissue alpha tocopherol levels were not decreased indicating no antagonistic interaction between gamma- and alpha tocopherol in salmon. The concentration of total omega 3 fatty acids slightly increased in response to dietary gT. Furthermore, dietary gT significantly decreased malondialdehyde in the fillet, determined as a biomarker of lipid peroxidation. In the liver of gT fed salmon we observed an overall down-regulation of genes involved in lipid homeostasis. Additionally, gT improved the antioxidant capacity by up-regulating Gpx4a gene expression in the pyloric caeca. We suggest that Atlantic salmon may provide a marine functional source capable of enriching gT for human consumption. Text Atlantic salmon Salmo salar PubMed Central (PMC) Marine Drugs 12 12 5944 5959 |
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Article Menoyo, David Sanz-Bayón, Carmen Nessa, Anna Hesby Esatbeyoglu, Tuba Faizan, Mohammad Pallauf, Kathrin De Diego, Nuria Wagner, Anika Eva Ipharraguerre, Ignacio Stubhaug, Ingunn Rimbach, Gerald Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar L.) as a Marine Functional Source of Gamma-Tocopherol |
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Article |
description |
Gamma tocopherol (gT) exhibits beneficial cardiovascular effects partly due to its anti-inflammatory activity. Important sources of gT are vegetable oils. However, little is known to what extent gT can be transferred into marine animal species such as Atlantic salmon by feeding. Therefore, in this study we have investigated the transfer of dietary gT into salmon. To this end, fish were fed a diet supplemented with 170 ppm gT for 16 weeks whereby alpha tocopherol levels were adjusted to 190 ppm in this and the control diet. Feeding gT-rich diets resulted in a three-fold increase in gT concentrations in the liver and fillet compared to non-gT-supplemented controls. Tissue alpha tocopherol levels were not decreased indicating no antagonistic interaction between gamma- and alpha tocopherol in salmon. The concentration of total omega 3 fatty acids slightly increased in response to dietary gT. Furthermore, dietary gT significantly decreased malondialdehyde in the fillet, determined as a biomarker of lipid peroxidation. In the liver of gT fed salmon we observed an overall down-regulation of genes involved in lipid homeostasis. Additionally, gT improved the antioxidant capacity by up-regulating Gpx4a gene expression in the pyloric caeca. We suggest that Atlantic salmon may provide a marine functional source capable of enriching gT for human consumption. |
format |
Text |
author |
Menoyo, David Sanz-Bayón, Carmen Nessa, Anna Hesby Esatbeyoglu, Tuba Faizan, Mohammad Pallauf, Kathrin De Diego, Nuria Wagner, Anika Eva Ipharraguerre, Ignacio Stubhaug, Ingunn Rimbach, Gerald |
author_facet |
Menoyo, David Sanz-Bayón, Carmen Nessa, Anna Hesby Esatbeyoglu, Tuba Faizan, Mohammad Pallauf, Kathrin De Diego, Nuria Wagner, Anika Eva Ipharraguerre, Ignacio Stubhaug, Ingunn Rimbach, Gerald |
author_sort |
Menoyo, David |
title |
Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar L.) as a Marine Functional Source of Gamma-Tocopherol |
title_short |
Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar L.) as a Marine Functional Source of Gamma-Tocopherol |
title_full |
Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar L.) as a Marine Functional Source of Gamma-Tocopherol |
title_fullStr |
Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar L.) as a Marine Functional Source of Gamma-Tocopherol |
title_full_unstemmed |
Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar L.) as a Marine Functional Source of Gamma-Tocopherol |
title_sort |
atlantic salmon (salmo salar l.) as a marine functional source of gamma-tocopherol |
publisher |
MDPI |
publishDate |
2014 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4278211 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25501796 https://doi.org/10.3390/md12125944 |
genre |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
genre_facet |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25501796 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md12125944 |
op_rights |
© 2014 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/md12125944 |
container_title |
Marine Drugs |
container_volume |
12 |
container_issue |
12 |
container_start_page |
5944 |
op_container_end_page |
5959 |
_version_ |
1766361044017479680 |