The reef-building coral Siderastrea siderea exhibits parabolic responses to ocean acidification and warming
Anthropogenic increases in atmospheric CO2 over this century are predicted to cause global average surface ocean pH to decline by 0.1–0.3 pH units and sea surface temperature to increase by 1–4°C. We conducted controlled laboratory experiments to investigate the impacts of CO2-induced ocean acidific...
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:4240989 2023-05-15T17:50:33+02:00 The reef-building coral Siderastrea siderea exhibits parabolic responses to ocean acidification and warming Castillo, Karl D. Ries, Justin B. Bruno, John F. Westfield, Isaac T. 2014-12-22 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4240989 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25377455 https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2014.1856 en eng The Royal Society http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25377455 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2014.1856 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ © 2014 The Authors. Published by the Royal Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, which permits unrestricted use, provided the original author and source are credited. CC-BY Research Articles Text 2014 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2014.1856 2014-12-28T00:51:23Z Anthropogenic increases in atmospheric CO2 over this century are predicted to cause global average surface ocean pH to decline by 0.1–0.3 pH units and sea surface temperature to increase by 1–4°C. We conducted controlled laboratory experiments to investigate the impacts of CO2-induced ocean acidification (pCO2 = 324, 477, 604, 2553 µatm) and warming (25, 28, 32°C) on the calcification rate of the zooxanthellate scleractinian coral Siderastrea siderea, a widespread, abundant and keystone reef-builder in the Caribbean Sea. We show that both acidification and warming cause a parabolic response in the calcification rate within this coral species. Moderate increases in pCO2 and warming, relative to near-present-day values, enhanced coral calcification, with calcification rates declining under the highest pCO2 and thermal conditions. Equivalent responses to acidification and warming were exhibited by colonies across reef zones and the parabolic nature of the corals' response to these stressors was evident across all three of the experiment's 30-day observational intervals. Furthermore, the warming projected by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change for the end of the twenty-first century caused a fivefold decrease in the rate of coral calcification, while the acidification projected for the same interval had no statistically significant impact on the calcification rate—suggesting that ocean warming poses a more immediate threat than acidification for this important coral species. Text Ocean acidification PubMed Central (PMC) Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 281 1797 20141856 |
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Research Articles Castillo, Karl D. Ries, Justin B. Bruno, John F. Westfield, Isaac T. The reef-building coral Siderastrea siderea exhibits parabolic responses to ocean acidification and warming |
topic_facet |
Research Articles |
description |
Anthropogenic increases in atmospheric CO2 over this century are predicted to cause global average surface ocean pH to decline by 0.1–0.3 pH units and sea surface temperature to increase by 1–4°C. We conducted controlled laboratory experiments to investigate the impacts of CO2-induced ocean acidification (pCO2 = 324, 477, 604, 2553 µatm) and warming (25, 28, 32°C) on the calcification rate of the zooxanthellate scleractinian coral Siderastrea siderea, a widespread, abundant and keystone reef-builder in the Caribbean Sea. We show that both acidification and warming cause a parabolic response in the calcification rate within this coral species. Moderate increases in pCO2 and warming, relative to near-present-day values, enhanced coral calcification, with calcification rates declining under the highest pCO2 and thermal conditions. Equivalent responses to acidification and warming were exhibited by colonies across reef zones and the parabolic nature of the corals' response to these stressors was evident across all three of the experiment's 30-day observational intervals. Furthermore, the warming projected by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change for the end of the twenty-first century caused a fivefold decrease in the rate of coral calcification, while the acidification projected for the same interval had no statistically significant impact on the calcification rate—suggesting that ocean warming poses a more immediate threat than acidification for this important coral species. |
format |
Text |
author |
Castillo, Karl D. Ries, Justin B. Bruno, John F. Westfield, Isaac T. |
author_facet |
Castillo, Karl D. Ries, Justin B. Bruno, John F. Westfield, Isaac T. |
author_sort |
Castillo, Karl D. |
title |
The reef-building coral Siderastrea siderea exhibits parabolic responses to ocean acidification and warming |
title_short |
The reef-building coral Siderastrea siderea exhibits parabolic responses to ocean acidification and warming |
title_full |
The reef-building coral Siderastrea siderea exhibits parabolic responses to ocean acidification and warming |
title_fullStr |
The reef-building coral Siderastrea siderea exhibits parabolic responses to ocean acidification and warming |
title_full_unstemmed |
The reef-building coral Siderastrea siderea exhibits parabolic responses to ocean acidification and warming |
title_sort |
reef-building coral siderastrea siderea exhibits parabolic responses to ocean acidification and warming |
publisher |
The Royal Society |
publishDate |
2014 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4240989 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25377455 https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2014.1856 |
genre |
Ocean acidification |
genre_facet |
Ocean acidification |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25377455 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2014.1856 |
op_rights |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ © 2014 The Authors. Published by the Royal Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, which permits unrestricted use, provided the original author and source are credited. |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2014.1856 |
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Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences |
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281 |
container_issue |
1797 |
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20141856 |
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