Type-IV Antifreeze Proteins are Essential for Epiboly and Convergence in Gastrulation of Zebrafish Embryos
Many organisms in extremely cold environments such as the Antarctic Pole have evolved antifreeze molecules to prevent ice formation. There are four types of antifreeze proteins (AFPs). Type-IV antifreeze proteins (AFP4s) are present also in certain temperate and even tropical fish, which has raised...
Published in: | International Journal of Biological Sciences |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
Format: | Text |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Ivyspring International Publisher
2014
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4081606 https://doi.org/10.7150/ijbs.9126 |
id |
ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:4081606 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:4081606 2023-05-15T13:51:10+02:00 Type-IV Antifreeze Proteins are Essential for Epiboly and Convergence in Gastrulation of Zebrafish Embryos Xiao, Qing Xia, Jian-Hong Zhang, Xiao-Juan Li, Zhi Wang, Yang Zhou, Li Gui, Jian-Fang 2014-06-24 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4081606 https://doi.org/10.7150/ijbs.9126 en eng Ivyspring International Publisher http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC http://dx.doi.org/10.7150/ijbs.9126 © Ivyspring International Publisher. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/). Reproduction is permitted for personal, noncommercial use, provided that the article is in whole, unmodified, and properly cited. CC-BY-NC-ND Research Paper Text 2014 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.7150/ijbs.9126 2014-07-13T00:46:53Z Many organisms in extremely cold environments such as the Antarctic Pole have evolved antifreeze molecules to prevent ice formation. There are four types of antifreeze proteins (AFPs). Type-IV antifreeze proteins (AFP4s) are present also in certain temperate and even tropical fish, which has raised a question as to whether these AFP4s have important functions in addition to antifreeze activity. Here we report the identification and functional analyses of AFP4s in cyprinid fish. Two genes, namely afp4a and afp4b coding for AFP4s, were identified in gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) and zebrafish (Danio rerio). In both species, afp4a and afp4b display a head-to-tail tandem arrangement and share a common 4-exonic gene structure. In zebrafish, both afp4a and afp4b were found to express specifically in the yolk syncytial layer (YSL). Interestingly, afp4a expression continues in YSL and digestive system from early embryos to adults, whereas afp4b expression is restricted to embryogenesis. Importantly, we have shown by using afp4a-specific and afp4b-specifc morpholino knockdown and cell lineage tracing approaches that AFP4a participates in epiboly progression by stabilizing yolk cytoplasmic layer microtubules, and AFP4b is primarily related to convergence movement. Therefore, both AFP4 proteins are essential for gastrulation of zebrafish embryos. Our current results provide first evidence that AFP such as AFP4 has important roles in regulating developmental processes besides its well-known function as antifreeze factors. Text Antarc* Antarctic PubMed Central (PMC) Antarctic The Antarctic International Journal of Biological Sciences 10 7 715 732 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
PubMed Central (PMC) |
op_collection_id |
ftpubmed |
language |
English |
topic |
Research Paper |
spellingShingle |
Research Paper Xiao, Qing Xia, Jian-Hong Zhang, Xiao-Juan Li, Zhi Wang, Yang Zhou, Li Gui, Jian-Fang Type-IV Antifreeze Proteins are Essential for Epiboly and Convergence in Gastrulation of Zebrafish Embryos |
topic_facet |
Research Paper |
description |
Many organisms in extremely cold environments such as the Antarctic Pole have evolved antifreeze molecules to prevent ice formation. There are four types of antifreeze proteins (AFPs). Type-IV antifreeze proteins (AFP4s) are present also in certain temperate and even tropical fish, which has raised a question as to whether these AFP4s have important functions in addition to antifreeze activity. Here we report the identification and functional analyses of AFP4s in cyprinid fish. Two genes, namely afp4a and afp4b coding for AFP4s, were identified in gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) and zebrafish (Danio rerio). In both species, afp4a and afp4b display a head-to-tail tandem arrangement and share a common 4-exonic gene structure. In zebrafish, both afp4a and afp4b were found to express specifically in the yolk syncytial layer (YSL). Interestingly, afp4a expression continues in YSL and digestive system from early embryos to adults, whereas afp4b expression is restricted to embryogenesis. Importantly, we have shown by using afp4a-specific and afp4b-specifc morpholino knockdown and cell lineage tracing approaches that AFP4a participates in epiboly progression by stabilizing yolk cytoplasmic layer microtubules, and AFP4b is primarily related to convergence movement. Therefore, both AFP4 proteins are essential for gastrulation of zebrafish embryos. Our current results provide first evidence that AFP such as AFP4 has important roles in regulating developmental processes besides its well-known function as antifreeze factors. |
format |
Text |
author |
Xiao, Qing Xia, Jian-Hong Zhang, Xiao-Juan Li, Zhi Wang, Yang Zhou, Li Gui, Jian-Fang |
author_facet |
Xiao, Qing Xia, Jian-Hong Zhang, Xiao-Juan Li, Zhi Wang, Yang Zhou, Li Gui, Jian-Fang |
author_sort |
Xiao, Qing |
title |
Type-IV Antifreeze Proteins are Essential for Epiboly and Convergence in Gastrulation of Zebrafish Embryos |
title_short |
Type-IV Antifreeze Proteins are Essential for Epiboly and Convergence in Gastrulation of Zebrafish Embryos |
title_full |
Type-IV Antifreeze Proteins are Essential for Epiboly and Convergence in Gastrulation of Zebrafish Embryos |
title_fullStr |
Type-IV Antifreeze Proteins are Essential for Epiboly and Convergence in Gastrulation of Zebrafish Embryos |
title_full_unstemmed |
Type-IV Antifreeze Proteins are Essential for Epiboly and Convergence in Gastrulation of Zebrafish Embryos |
title_sort |
type-iv antifreeze proteins are essential for epiboly and convergence in gastrulation of zebrafish embryos |
publisher |
Ivyspring International Publisher |
publishDate |
2014 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4081606 https://doi.org/10.7150/ijbs.9126 |
geographic |
Antarctic The Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic The Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC http://dx.doi.org/10.7150/ijbs.9126 |
op_rights |
© Ivyspring International Publisher. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/). Reproduction is permitted for personal, noncommercial use, provided that the article is in whole, unmodified, and properly cited. |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY-NC-ND |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.7150/ijbs.9126 |
container_title |
International Journal of Biological Sciences |
container_volume |
10 |
container_issue |
7 |
container_start_page |
715 |
op_container_end_page |
732 |
_version_ |
1766254773654257664 |