Place of upbringing in early childhood as related to inflammatory bowel diseases in adulthood: a population-based cohort study in Northern Europe
Background The two inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, has increased rapidly during the twentieth century, but the aetiology is still poorly understood. Impaired immunological competence due to decreasing biodiversity and altered microbial stimulation is a...
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:4065648 2023-05-15T16:51:39+02:00 Place of upbringing in early childhood as related to inflammatory bowel diseases in adulthood: a population-based cohort study in Northern Europe Timm, Signe Svanes, Cecilie Janson, Christer Sigsgaard, Torben Johannessen, Ane Gislason, Thorarinn Jogi, Rain Omenaas, Ernst Forsberg, Bertil Torén, Kjell Holm, Mathias Bråbäck, Lennart Schlünssen, Vivi 2014-06-11 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4065648 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24916994 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10654-014-9922-3 en eng Springer Netherlands http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24916994 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10654-014-9922-3 © The Author(s) 2014 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits any use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and the source are credited. CC-BY Gastro-Enterology Text 2014 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1007/s10654-014-9922-3 2014-06-29T00:50:02Z Background The two inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, has increased rapidly during the twentieth century, but the aetiology is still poorly understood. Impaired immunological competence due to decreasing biodiversity and altered microbial stimulation is a suggested explanation. Objective Place of upbringing was used as a proxy for the level and diversity of microbial stimulation to investigate the effects on the prevalence of IBD in adulthood. Methods Respiratory Health in Northern Europe (RHINE) III is a postal follow-up questionnaire of the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS) cohorts established in 1989–1992. The study population was 10,864 subjects born 1945–1971 in Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Iceland and Estonia, who responded to questionnaires in 2000–2002 and 2010–2012. Data were analysed in logistic and Cox regression models taking age, sex, smoking and body mass index into consideration. Results Being born and raised on a livestock farm the first 5 years of life was associated with a lower risk of IBD compared to city living in logistic (OR 0.54, 95 % CI 0.31; 0.94) and Cox regression models (HR 0.55, 95 % CI 0.31; 0.98). Random-effect meta-analysis did not identify geographical difference in this association. Furthermore, there was a significant trend comparing livestock farm living, village and city living (p < 0.01). Sub-analyses showed that the protective effect was only present among subjects born after 1952 (OR 0.25, 95 % CI 0.11; 0.61). Conclusion This study suggests a protective effect from livestock farm living in early childhood on the occurrence of IBD in adulthood, however only among subjects born after 1952. We speculate that lower microbial diversity is an explanation for the findings. Text Iceland PubMed Central (PMC) Norway European Journal of Epidemiology 29 6 429 437 |
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Gastro-Enterology |
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Gastro-Enterology Timm, Signe Svanes, Cecilie Janson, Christer Sigsgaard, Torben Johannessen, Ane Gislason, Thorarinn Jogi, Rain Omenaas, Ernst Forsberg, Bertil Torén, Kjell Holm, Mathias Bråbäck, Lennart Schlünssen, Vivi Place of upbringing in early childhood as related to inflammatory bowel diseases in adulthood: a population-based cohort study in Northern Europe |
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Gastro-Enterology |
description |
Background The two inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, has increased rapidly during the twentieth century, but the aetiology is still poorly understood. Impaired immunological competence due to decreasing biodiversity and altered microbial stimulation is a suggested explanation. Objective Place of upbringing was used as a proxy for the level and diversity of microbial stimulation to investigate the effects on the prevalence of IBD in adulthood. Methods Respiratory Health in Northern Europe (RHINE) III is a postal follow-up questionnaire of the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS) cohorts established in 1989–1992. The study population was 10,864 subjects born 1945–1971 in Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Iceland and Estonia, who responded to questionnaires in 2000–2002 and 2010–2012. Data were analysed in logistic and Cox regression models taking age, sex, smoking and body mass index into consideration. Results Being born and raised on a livestock farm the first 5 years of life was associated with a lower risk of IBD compared to city living in logistic (OR 0.54, 95 % CI 0.31; 0.94) and Cox regression models (HR 0.55, 95 % CI 0.31; 0.98). Random-effect meta-analysis did not identify geographical difference in this association. Furthermore, there was a significant trend comparing livestock farm living, village and city living (p < 0.01). Sub-analyses showed that the protective effect was only present among subjects born after 1952 (OR 0.25, 95 % CI 0.11; 0.61). Conclusion This study suggests a protective effect from livestock farm living in early childhood on the occurrence of IBD in adulthood, however only among subjects born after 1952. We speculate that lower microbial diversity is an explanation for the findings. |
format |
Text |
author |
Timm, Signe Svanes, Cecilie Janson, Christer Sigsgaard, Torben Johannessen, Ane Gislason, Thorarinn Jogi, Rain Omenaas, Ernst Forsberg, Bertil Torén, Kjell Holm, Mathias Bråbäck, Lennart Schlünssen, Vivi |
author_facet |
Timm, Signe Svanes, Cecilie Janson, Christer Sigsgaard, Torben Johannessen, Ane Gislason, Thorarinn Jogi, Rain Omenaas, Ernst Forsberg, Bertil Torén, Kjell Holm, Mathias Bråbäck, Lennart Schlünssen, Vivi |
author_sort |
Timm, Signe |
title |
Place of upbringing in early childhood as related to inflammatory bowel diseases in adulthood: a population-based cohort study in Northern Europe |
title_short |
Place of upbringing in early childhood as related to inflammatory bowel diseases in adulthood: a population-based cohort study in Northern Europe |
title_full |
Place of upbringing in early childhood as related to inflammatory bowel diseases in adulthood: a population-based cohort study in Northern Europe |
title_fullStr |
Place of upbringing in early childhood as related to inflammatory bowel diseases in adulthood: a population-based cohort study in Northern Europe |
title_full_unstemmed |
Place of upbringing in early childhood as related to inflammatory bowel diseases in adulthood: a population-based cohort study in Northern Europe |
title_sort |
place of upbringing in early childhood as related to inflammatory bowel diseases in adulthood: a population-based cohort study in northern europe |
publisher |
Springer Netherlands |
publishDate |
2014 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4065648 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24916994 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10654-014-9922-3 |
geographic |
Norway |
geographic_facet |
Norway |
genre |
Iceland |
genre_facet |
Iceland |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24916994 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10654-014-9922-3 |
op_rights |
© The Author(s) 2014 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits any use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and the source are credited. |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10654-014-9922-3 |
container_title |
European Journal of Epidemiology |
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29 |
container_issue |
6 |
container_start_page |
429 |
op_container_end_page |
437 |
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1766041770333831168 |