Admixture and Gene Flow from Russia in the Recovering Northern European Brown Bear (Ursus arctos)
Large carnivores were persecuted to near extinction during the last centuries, but have now recovered in some countries. It has been proposed earlier that the recovery of the Northern European brown bear is supported by migration from Russia. We tested this hypothesis by obtaining for the first time...
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:4026324 2023-05-15T17:00:00+02:00 Admixture and Gene Flow from Russia in the Recovering Northern European Brown Bear (Ursus arctos) Kopatz, Alexander Eiken, Hans Geir Aspi, Jouni Kojola, Ilpo Tobiassen, Camilla Tirronen, Konstantin F. Danilov, Pjotr I. Hagen, Snorre B. 2014-05-19 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4026324 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24839968 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0097558 en eng Public Library of Science http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24839968 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0097558 This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. CC-BY Research Article Text 2014 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0097558 2014-05-25T00:49:10Z Large carnivores were persecuted to near extinction during the last centuries, but have now recovered in some countries. It has been proposed earlier that the recovery of the Northern European brown bear is supported by migration from Russia. We tested this hypothesis by obtaining for the first time continuous sampling of the whole Finnish bear population, which is located centrally between the Russian and Scandinavian bear populations. The Finnish population is assumed to experience high gene flow from Russian Karelia. If so, no or a low degree of genetic differentiation between Finnish and Russian bears could be expected. We have genotyped bears extensively from all over Finland using 12 validated microsatellite markers and compared their genetic composition to bears from Russian Karelia, Sweden, and Norway. Our fine masked investigation identified two overlapping genetic clusters structured by isolation-by-distance in Finland (pairwise FST = 0.025). One cluster included Russian bears, and migration analyses showed a high number of migrants from Russia into Finland, providing evidence of eastern gene flow as an important driver during recovery. In comparison, both clusters excluded bears from Sweden and Norway, and we found no migrants from Finland in either country, indicating that eastern gene flow was probably not important for the population recovery in Scandinavia. Our analyses on different spatial scales suggest a continuous bear population in Finland and Russian Karelia, separated from Scandinavia. Text karelia* karelia* Ursus arctos PubMed Central (PMC) Norway PLoS ONE 9 5 e97558 |
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Research Article Kopatz, Alexander Eiken, Hans Geir Aspi, Jouni Kojola, Ilpo Tobiassen, Camilla Tirronen, Konstantin F. Danilov, Pjotr I. Hagen, Snorre B. Admixture and Gene Flow from Russia in the Recovering Northern European Brown Bear (Ursus arctos) |
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Research Article |
description |
Large carnivores were persecuted to near extinction during the last centuries, but have now recovered in some countries. It has been proposed earlier that the recovery of the Northern European brown bear is supported by migration from Russia. We tested this hypothesis by obtaining for the first time continuous sampling of the whole Finnish bear population, which is located centrally between the Russian and Scandinavian bear populations. The Finnish population is assumed to experience high gene flow from Russian Karelia. If so, no or a low degree of genetic differentiation between Finnish and Russian bears could be expected. We have genotyped bears extensively from all over Finland using 12 validated microsatellite markers and compared their genetic composition to bears from Russian Karelia, Sweden, and Norway. Our fine masked investigation identified two overlapping genetic clusters structured by isolation-by-distance in Finland (pairwise FST = 0.025). One cluster included Russian bears, and migration analyses showed a high number of migrants from Russia into Finland, providing evidence of eastern gene flow as an important driver during recovery. In comparison, both clusters excluded bears from Sweden and Norway, and we found no migrants from Finland in either country, indicating that eastern gene flow was probably not important for the population recovery in Scandinavia. Our analyses on different spatial scales suggest a continuous bear population in Finland and Russian Karelia, separated from Scandinavia. |
format |
Text |
author |
Kopatz, Alexander Eiken, Hans Geir Aspi, Jouni Kojola, Ilpo Tobiassen, Camilla Tirronen, Konstantin F. Danilov, Pjotr I. Hagen, Snorre B. |
author_facet |
Kopatz, Alexander Eiken, Hans Geir Aspi, Jouni Kojola, Ilpo Tobiassen, Camilla Tirronen, Konstantin F. Danilov, Pjotr I. Hagen, Snorre B. |
author_sort |
Kopatz, Alexander |
title |
Admixture and Gene Flow from Russia in the Recovering Northern European Brown Bear (Ursus arctos) |
title_short |
Admixture and Gene Flow from Russia in the Recovering Northern European Brown Bear (Ursus arctos) |
title_full |
Admixture and Gene Flow from Russia in the Recovering Northern European Brown Bear (Ursus arctos) |
title_fullStr |
Admixture and Gene Flow from Russia in the Recovering Northern European Brown Bear (Ursus arctos) |
title_full_unstemmed |
Admixture and Gene Flow from Russia in the Recovering Northern European Brown Bear (Ursus arctos) |
title_sort |
admixture and gene flow from russia in the recovering northern european brown bear (ursus arctos) |
publisher |
Public Library of Science |
publishDate |
2014 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4026324 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24839968 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0097558 |
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Norway |
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Norway |
genre |
karelia* karelia* Ursus arctos |
genre_facet |
karelia* karelia* Ursus arctos |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24839968 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0097558 |
op_rights |
This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0097558 |
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PLoS ONE |
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9 |
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5 |
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e97558 |
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