Genetic Structure of Avian Influenza Viruses from Ducks of the Atlantic Flyway of North America
Wild birds, including waterfowl such as ducks, are reservoir hosts of influenza A viruses. Despite the increased number of avian influenza virus (AIV) genome sequences available, our understanding of AIV genetic structure and transmission through space and time in waterfowl in North America is still...
Published in: | PLoS ONE |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
Format: | Text |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Public Library of Science
2014
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3907406 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24498009 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0086999 |
id |
ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:3907406 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:3907406 2023-05-15T17:22:52+02:00 Genetic Structure of Avian Influenza Viruses from Ducks of the Atlantic Flyway of North America Huang, Yanyan Wille, Michelle Dobbin, Ashley Walzthöni, Natasha M. Robertson, Gregory J. Ojkic, Davor Whitney, Hugh Lang, Andrew S. 2014-01-30 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3907406 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24498009 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0086999 en eng Public Library of Science http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3907406 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24498009 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0086999 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. CC-BY Research Article Text 2014 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0086999 2014-02-09T01:38:22Z Wild birds, including waterfowl such as ducks, are reservoir hosts of influenza A viruses. Despite the increased number of avian influenza virus (AIV) genome sequences available, our understanding of AIV genetic structure and transmission through space and time in waterfowl in North America is still limited. In particular, AIVs in ducks of the Atlantic flyway of North America have not been thoroughly investigated. To begin to address this gap, we analyzed 109 AIV genome sequences from ducks in the Atlantic flyway to determine their genetic structure and to document the extent of gene flow in the context of sequences from other locations and other avian and mammalian host groups. The analyses included 25 AIVs from ducks from Newfoundland, Canada, from 2008–2011 and 84 available reference duck AIVs from the Atlantic flyway from 2006–2011. A vast diversity of viral genes and genomes was identified in the 109 viruses. The genetic structure differed amongst the 8 viral segments with predominant single lineages found for the PB2, PB1 and M segments, increased diversity found for the PA, NP and NS segments (2, 3 and 3 lineages, respectively), and the highest diversity found for the HA and NA segments (12 and 9 lineages, respectively). Identification of inter-hemispheric transmissions was rare with only 2% of the genes of Eurasian origin. Virus transmission between ducks and other bird groups was investigated, with 57.3% of the genes having highly similar (≥99% nucleotide identity) genes detected in birds other than ducks. Transmission between North American flyways has been frequent and 75.8% of the genes were highly similar to genes found in other North American flyways. However, the duck AIV genes did display spatial distribution bias, which was demonstrated by the different population sizes of specific viral genes in one or two neighbouring flyways compared to more distant flyways. Text Newfoundland PubMed Central (PMC) Canada PLoS ONE 9 1 e86999 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
PubMed Central (PMC) |
op_collection_id |
ftpubmed |
language |
English |
topic |
Research Article |
spellingShingle |
Research Article Huang, Yanyan Wille, Michelle Dobbin, Ashley Walzthöni, Natasha M. Robertson, Gregory J. Ojkic, Davor Whitney, Hugh Lang, Andrew S. Genetic Structure of Avian Influenza Viruses from Ducks of the Atlantic Flyway of North America |
topic_facet |
Research Article |
description |
Wild birds, including waterfowl such as ducks, are reservoir hosts of influenza A viruses. Despite the increased number of avian influenza virus (AIV) genome sequences available, our understanding of AIV genetic structure and transmission through space and time in waterfowl in North America is still limited. In particular, AIVs in ducks of the Atlantic flyway of North America have not been thoroughly investigated. To begin to address this gap, we analyzed 109 AIV genome sequences from ducks in the Atlantic flyway to determine their genetic structure and to document the extent of gene flow in the context of sequences from other locations and other avian and mammalian host groups. The analyses included 25 AIVs from ducks from Newfoundland, Canada, from 2008–2011 and 84 available reference duck AIVs from the Atlantic flyway from 2006–2011. A vast diversity of viral genes and genomes was identified in the 109 viruses. The genetic structure differed amongst the 8 viral segments with predominant single lineages found for the PB2, PB1 and M segments, increased diversity found for the PA, NP and NS segments (2, 3 and 3 lineages, respectively), and the highest diversity found for the HA and NA segments (12 and 9 lineages, respectively). Identification of inter-hemispheric transmissions was rare with only 2% of the genes of Eurasian origin. Virus transmission between ducks and other bird groups was investigated, with 57.3% of the genes having highly similar (≥99% nucleotide identity) genes detected in birds other than ducks. Transmission between North American flyways has been frequent and 75.8% of the genes were highly similar to genes found in other North American flyways. However, the duck AIV genes did display spatial distribution bias, which was demonstrated by the different population sizes of specific viral genes in one or two neighbouring flyways compared to more distant flyways. |
format |
Text |
author |
Huang, Yanyan Wille, Michelle Dobbin, Ashley Walzthöni, Natasha M. Robertson, Gregory J. Ojkic, Davor Whitney, Hugh Lang, Andrew S. |
author_facet |
Huang, Yanyan Wille, Michelle Dobbin, Ashley Walzthöni, Natasha M. Robertson, Gregory J. Ojkic, Davor Whitney, Hugh Lang, Andrew S. |
author_sort |
Huang, Yanyan |
title |
Genetic Structure of Avian Influenza Viruses from Ducks of the Atlantic Flyway of North America |
title_short |
Genetic Structure of Avian Influenza Viruses from Ducks of the Atlantic Flyway of North America |
title_full |
Genetic Structure of Avian Influenza Viruses from Ducks of the Atlantic Flyway of North America |
title_fullStr |
Genetic Structure of Avian Influenza Viruses from Ducks of the Atlantic Flyway of North America |
title_full_unstemmed |
Genetic Structure of Avian Influenza Viruses from Ducks of the Atlantic Flyway of North America |
title_sort |
genetic structure of avian influenza viruses from ducks of the atlantic flyway of north america |
publisher |
Public Library of Science |
publishDate |
2014 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3907406 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24498009 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0086999 |
geographic |
Canada |
geographic_facet |
Canada |
genre |
Newfoundland |
genre_facet |
Newfoundland |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3907406 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24498009 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0086999 |
op_rights |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0086999 |
container_title |
PLoS ONE |
container_volume |
9 |
container_issue |
1 |
container_start_page |
e86999 |
_version_ |
1766109774478311424 |