Multilocus Detection of Wolf x Dog Hybridization in Italy, and Guidelines for Marker Selection
Hybridization and introgression can impact the evolution of natural populations. Several wild canid species hybridize in nature, sometimes originating new taxa. However, hybridization with free-ranging dogs is threatening the genetic integrity of grey wolf populations (Canis lupus), or even the surv...
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:3899229 2023-05-15T15:51:14+02:00 Multilocus Detection of Wolf x Dog Hybridization in Italy, and Guidelines for Marker Selection Randi, Ettore Hulva, Pavel Fabbri, Elena Galaverni, Marco Galov, Ana Kusak, Josip Bigi, Daniele Bolfíková, Barbora Černá Smetanová, Milena Caniglia, Romolo 2014-01-22 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3899229 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0086409 en eng Public Library of Science http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3899229 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0086409 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. CC-BY Research Article Text 2014 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0086409 2014-01-26T01:52:05Z Hybridization and introgression can impact the evolution of natural populations. Several wild canid species hybridize in nature, sometimes originating new taxa. However, hybridization with free-ranging dogs is threatening the genetic integrity of grey wolf populations (Canis lupus), or even the survival of endangered species (e.g., the Ethiopian wolf C. simensis). Efficient molecular tools to assess hybridization rates are essential in wolf conservation strategies. We evaluated the power of biparental and uniparental markers (39 autosomal and 4 Y-linked microsatellites, a melanistic deletion at the β-defensin CBD103 gene, the hypervariable domain of the mtDNA control-region) to identify the multilocus admixture patterns in wolf x dog hybrids. We used empirical data from 2 hybrid groups with different histories: 30 presumptive natural hybrids from Italy and 73 Czechoslovakian wolfdogs of known hybrid origin, as well as simulated data. We assessed the efficiency of various marker combinations and reference samples in admixture analyses using 69 dogs of different breeds and 99 wolves from Italy, Balkans and Carpathian Mountains. Results confirmed the occurrence of hybrids in Italy, some of them showing anomalous phenotypic traits and exogenous mtDNA or Y-chromosome introgression. Hybridization was mostly attributable to village dogs and not strictly patrilineal. The melanistic β-defensin deletion was found only in Italian dogs and in putative hybrids. The 24 most divergent microsatellites (largest wolf-dog FST values) were equally or more informative than the entire panel of 39 loci. A smaller panel of 12 microsatellites increased risks to identify false admixed individuals. The frequency of F1 and F2 was lower than backcrosses or introgressed individuals, suggesting hybridization already occurred some generations in the past, during early phases of wolf expansion from their historical core areas. Empirical and simulated data indicated the identification of the past generation backcrosses is always uncertain, and a ... Text Canis lupus PubMed Central (PMC) PLoS ONE 9 1 e86409 |
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Research Article Randi, Ettore Hulva, Pavel Fabbri, Elena Galaverni, Marco Galov, Ana Kusak, Josip Bigi, Daniele Bolfíková, Barbora Černá Smetanová, Milena Caniglia, Romolo Multilocus Detection of Wolf x Dog Hybridization in Italy, and Guidelines for Marker Selection |
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Research Article |
description |
Hybridization and introgression can impact the evolution of natural populations. Several wild canid species hybridize in nature, sometimes originating new taxa. However, hybridization with free-ranging dogs is threatening the genetic integrity of grey wolf populations (Canis lupus), or even the survival of endangered species (e.g., the Ethiopian wolf C. simensis). Efficient molecular tools to assess hybridization rates are essential in wolf conservation strategies. We evaluated the power of biparental and uniparental markers (39 autosomal and 4 Y-linked microsatellites, a melanistic deletion at the β-defensin CBD103 gene, the hypervariable domain of the mtDNA control-region) to identify the multilocus admixture patterns in wolf x dog hybrids. We used empirical data from 2 hybrid groups with different histories: 30 presumptive natural hybrids from Italy and 73 Czechoslovakian wolfdogs of known hybrid origin, as well as simulated data. We assessed the efficiency of various marker combinations and reference samples in admixture analyses using 69 dogs of different breeds and 99 wolves from Italy, Balkans and Carpathian Mountains. Results confirmed the occurrence of hybrids in Italy, some of them showing anomalous phenotypic traits and exogenous mtDNA or Y-chromosome introgression. Hybridization was mostly attributable to village dogs and not strictly patrilineal. The melanistic β-defensin deletion was found only in Italian dogs and in putative hybrids. The 24 most divergent microsatellites (largest wolf-dog FST values) were equally or more informative than the entire panel of 39 loci. A smaller panel of 12 microsatellites increased risks to identify false admixed individuals. The frequency of F1 and F2 was lower than backcrosses or introgressed individuals, suggesting hybridization already occurred some generations in the past, during early phases of wolf expansion from their historical core areas. Empirical and simulated data indicated the identification of the past generation backcrosses is always uncertain, and a ... |
format |
Text |
author |
Randi, Ettore Hulva, Pavel Fabbri, Elena Galaverni, Marco Galov, Ana Kusak, Josip Bigi, Daniele Bolfíková, Barbora Černá Smetanová, Milena Caniglia, Romolo |
author_facet |
Randi, Ettore Hulva, Pavel Fabbri, Elena Galaverni, Marco Galov, Ana Kusak, Josip Bigi, Daniele Bolfíková, Barbora Černá Smetanová, Milena Caniglia, Romolo |
author_sort |
Randi, Ettore |
title |
Multilocus Detection of Wolf x Dog Hybridization in Italy, and Guidelines for Marker Selection |
title_short |
Multilocus Detection of Wolf x Dog Hybridization in Italy, and Guidelines for Marker Selection |
title_full |
Multilocus Detection of Wolf x Dog Hybridization in Italy, and Guidelines for Marker Selection |
title_fullStr |
Multilocus Detection of Wolf x Dog Hybridization in Italy, and Guidelines for Marker Selection |
title_full_unstemmed |
Multilocus Detection of Wolf x Dog Hybridization in Italy, and Guidelines for Marker Selection |
title_sort |
multilocus detection of wolf x dog hybridization in italy, and guidelines for marker selection |
publisher |
Public Library of Science |
publishDate |
2014 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3899229 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0086409 |
genre |
Canis lupus |
genre_facet |
Canis lupus |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3899229 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0086409 |
op_rights |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0086409 |
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PLoS ONE |
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9 |
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1 |
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e86409 |
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