Control of Diapause by Acidic pH and Ammonium Accumulation in the Hemolymph of Antarctic Copepods
Life-cycles of polar herbivorous copepods are characterised by seasonal/ontogenetic vertical migrations and diapause to survive periods of food shortage during the long winter season. However, the triggers of vertical migration and diapause are still far from being understood. In this study, we test...
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:3797083 2023-05-15T13:46:21+02:00 Control of Diapause by Acidic pH and Ammonium Accumulation in the Hemolymph of Antarctic Copepods Schründer, Sabine Schnack-Schiel, Sigrid B. Auel, Holger Sartoris, Franz Josef 2013-10-15 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3797083 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0077498 en eng Public Library of Science http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3797083 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0077498 This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. CC-BY Research Article Text 2013 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0077498 2013-10-20T00:40:55Z Life-cycles of polar herbivorous copepods are characterised by seasonal/ontogenetic vertical migrations and diapause to survive periods of food shortage during the long winter season. However, the triggers of vertical migration and diapause are still far from being understood. In this study, we test the hypothesis that acidic pH and the accumulation of ammonium (NH4+) in the hemolymph contribute to the control of diapause in certain Antarctic copepod species. In a recent study, it was already hypothesized that the replacement of heavy ions by ammonium is necessary for diapausing copepods to achieve neutral buoyancy at overwintering depth. The current article extends the hypothesis of ammonium-aided buoyancy by highlighting recent findings of low pH values in the hemolymph of diapausing copepods with elevated ammonium concentrations. Since ammonia (NH3) is toxic to most organisms, a low hemolymph pH is required to maintain ammonium in the less toxic ionized form (NH4+). Recognizing that low pH values are a relevant factor reducing metabolic rate in other marine invertebrates, the low pH values found in overwintering copepods might not only be a precondition for ammonium accumulation, but in addition, it may insure metabolic depression throughout diapause. Text Antarc* Antarctic Copepods PubMed Central (PMC) Antarctic PLoS ONE 8 10 e77498 |
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English |
topic |
Research Article |
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Research Article Schründer, Sabine Schnack-Schiel, Sigrid B. Auel, Holger Sartoris, Franz Josef Control of Diapause by Acidic pH and Ammonium Accumulation in the Hemolymph of Antarctic Copepods |
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Research Article |
description |
Life-cycles of polar herbivorous copepods are characterised by seasonal/ontogenetic vertical migrations and diapause to survive periods of food shortage during the long winter season. However, the triggers of vertical migration and diapause are still far from being understood. In this study, we test the hypothesis that acidic pH and the accumulation of ammonium (NH4+) in the hemolymph contribute to the control of diapause in certain Antarctic copepod species. In a recent study, it was already hypothesized that the replacement of heavy ions by ammonium is necessary for diapausing copepods to achieve neutral buoyancy at overwintering depth. The current article extends the hypothesis of ammonium-aided buoyancy by highlighting recent findings of low pH values in the hemolymph of diapausing copepods with elevated ammonium concentrations. Since ammonia (NH3) is toxic to most organisms, a low hemolymph pH is required to maintain ammonium in the less toxic ionized form (NH4+). Recognizing that low pH values are a relevant factor reducing metabolic rate in other marine invertebrates, the low pH values found in overwintering copepods might not only be a precondition for ammonium accumulation, but in addition, it may insure metabolic depression throughout diapause. |
format |
Text |
author |
Schründer, Sabine Schnack-Schiel, Sigrid B. Auel, Holger Sartoris, Franz Josef |
author_facet |
Schründer, Sabine Schnack-Schiel, Sigrid B. Auel, Holger Sartoris, Franz Josef |
author_sort |
Schründer, Sabine |
title |
Control of Diapause by Acidic pH and Ammonium Accumulation in the Hemolymph of Antarctic Copepods |
title_short |
Control of Diapause by Acidic pH and Ammonium Accumulation in the Hemolymph of Antarctic Copepods |
title_full |
Control of Diapause by Acidic pH and Ammonium Accumulation in the Hemolymph of Antarctic Copepods |
title_fullStr |
Control of Diapause by Acidic pH and Ammonium Accumulation in the Hemolymph of Antarctic Copepods |
title_full_unstemmed |
Control of Diapause by Acidic pH and Ammonium Accumulation in the Hemolymph of Antarctic Copepods |
title_sort |
control of diapause by acidic ph and ammonium accumulation in the hemolymph of antarctic copepods |
publisher |
Public Library of Science |
publishDate |
2013 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3797083 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0077498 |
geographic |
Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Copepods |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Copepods |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3797083 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0077498 |
op_rights |
This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0077498 |
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PLoS ONE |
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8 |
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10 |
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e77498 |
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