Constructing Illness: How the Public in Eight Western Nations Respond to a Clinical Description of “Schizophrenia”
According to classic and contemporary social theory, the community is crucial to how individuals respond to the onset of health problems. Cultural response to symptoms provides the foundation for lay diagnosis; offers a gauge for marking individual and societal health literacy; and reflects the cult...
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Online Access: | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3767137 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21802185 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2011.06.029 |
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:3767137 2023-05-15T16:51:38+02:00 Constructing Illness: How the Public in Eight Western Nations Respond to a Clinical Description of “Schizophrenia” Olafsdottir, Sigrun Pescosolido, Bernice A. 2011-07-13 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3767137 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21802185 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2011.06.029 en eng http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3767137 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21802185 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2011.06.029 © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Article Text 2011 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2011.06.029 2013-09-15T00:57:05Z According to classic and contemporary social theory, the community is crucial to how individuals respond to the onset of health problems. Cultural response to symptoms provides the foundation for lay diagnosis; offers a gauge for marking individual and societal health literacy; and reflects the cultural embeddedness of modern medical knowledge. Using data collected between 2004 and 2007 from the Stigma in Global Context – Mental Health Study (SGC-MHS) on the recognition of schizophrenia from vignettes describing individuals meeting DSM-IV criteria, we examine the nature and correlates of lay diagnosis. Focusing on Western societies in the SGC-MHS, we ask three questions regarding problem recognition in Bulgaria (N=255), Cyprus (N=253), Germany (N=382), Hungary (N=352), Iceland (N=291), Spain (N=327), Great Britain (N=289), and the United States (N=449). What is the cross-national variation in recognition of schizophrenia as a mental illness? Is lay diagnosis associated with individuals’ socio-demographic characteristics and/or their evaluation of underlying causes? Are lay diagnoses likely to shape the nature and direction of the illness career? We find lay diagnosis of “mental illness” to be high across these Western nations with some, though modest, difference across countries. Variation for the more specific diagnosis of “schizophrenia” is greater, though fairly consistent in country ordering. Lay diagnoses are shaped most consistently by attributions, inconsistently by socio-demographics, and generally associated with respondents’ treatment recommendations and expected outcomes. In light of assumptions about public beliefs and knowledge that often underlie research, community efforts, clinical programs, and health policy, these findings suggest that a greater understanding of the complexities of lay diagnosis is warranted. Text Iceland PubMed Central (PMC) Social Science & Medicine 73 6 929 938 |
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Article Olafsdottir, Sigrun Pescosolido, Bernice A. Constructing Illness: How the Public in Eight Western Nations Respond to a Clinical Description of “Schizophrenia” |
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Article |
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According to classic and contemporary social theory, the community is crucial to how individuals respond to the onset of health problems. Cultural response to symptoms provides the foundation for lay diagnosis; offers a gauge for marking individual and societal health literacy; and reflects the cultural embeddedness of modern medical knowledge. Using data collected between 2004 and 2007 from the Stigma in Global Context – Mental Health Study (SGC-MHS) on the recognition of schizophrenia from vignettes describing individuals meeting DSM-IV criteria, we examine the nature and correlates of lay diagnosis. Focusing on Western societies in the SGC-MHS, we ask three questions regarding problem recognition in Bulgaria (N=255), Cyprus (N=253), Germany (N=382), Hungary (N=352), Iceland (N=291), Spain (N=327), Great Britain (N=289), and the United States (N=449). What is the cross-national variation in recognition of schizophrenia as a mental illness? Is lay diagnosis associated with individuals’ socio-demographic characteristics and/or their evaluation of underlying causes? Are lay diagnoses likely to shape the nature and direction of the illness career? We find lay diagnosis of “mental illness” to be high across these Western nations with some, though modest, difference across countries. Variation for the more specific diagnosis of “schizophrenia” is greater, though fairly consistent in country ordering. Lay diagnoses are shaped most consistently by attributions, inconsistently by socio-demographics, and generally associated with respondents’ treatment recommendations and expected outcomes. In light of assumptions about public beliefs and knowledge that often underlie research, community efforts, clinical programs, and health policy, these findings suggest that a greater understanding of the complexities of lay diagnosis is warranted. |
format |
Text |
author |
Olafsdottir, Sigrun Pescosolido, Bernice A. |
author_facet |
Olafsdottir, Sigrun Pescosolido, Bernice A. |
author_sort |
Olafsdottir, Sigrun |
title |
Constructing Illness: How the Public in Eight Western Nations Respond to a Clinical Description of “Schizophrenia” |
title_short |
Constructing Illness: How the Public in Eight Western Nations Respond to a Clinical Description of “Schizophrenia” |
title_full |
Constructing Illness: How the Public in Eight Western Nations Respond to a Clinical Description of “Schizophrenia” |
title_fullStr |
Constructing Illness: How the Public in Eight Western Nations Respond to a Clinical Description of “Schizophrenia” |
title_full_unstemmed |
Constructing Illness: How the Public in Eight Western Nations Respond to a Clinical Description of “Schizophrenia” |
title_sort |
constructing illness: how the public in eight western nations respond to a clinical description of “schizophrenia” |
publishDate |
2011 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3767137 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21802185 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2011.06.029 |
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Iceland |
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Iceland |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3767137 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21802185 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2011.06.029 |
op_rights |
© 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2011.06.029 |
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Social Science & Medicine |
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73 |
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6 |
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929 |
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938 |
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1766041753638404096 |