Ocean acidification reduces induction of coral settlement by crustose coralline algae
Crustose coralline algae (CCA) are a critical component of coral reefs as they accrete carbonate for reef structure and act as settlement substrata for many invertebrates including corals. CCA host a diversity of microorganisms that can also play a role in coral settlement and metamorphosis processe...
Published in: | Global Change Biology |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , |
Format: | Text |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Blackwell Publishing Ltd
2013
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3597258 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23504741 https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12008 |
id |
ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:3597258 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:3597258 2023-05-15T17:50:52+02:00 Ocean acidification reduces induction of coral settlement by crustose coralline algae Webster, Nicole S Uthicke, Sven Botté, Emanuelle S Flores, Florita Negri, Andrew P 2013-01 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3597258 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23504741 https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12008 en eng Blackwell Publishing Ltd http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3597258 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23504741 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12008 Copyright © 2013 Blackwell Publishing Ltd http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ Re-use of this article is permitted in accordance with the Creative Commons Deed, Attribution 2.5, which does not permit commercial exploitation. CC-BY Primary Research Articles Text 2013 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12008 2013-09-04T21:06:40Z Crustose coralline algae (CCA) are a critical component of coral reefs as they accrete carbonate for reef structure and act as settlement substrata for many invertebrates including corals. CCA host a diversity of microorganisms that can also play a role in coral settlement and metamorphosis processes. Although the sensitivity of CCA to ocean acidification (OA) is well established, the response of their associated microbial communities to reduced pH and increased CO2 was previously not known. Here we investigate the sensitivity of CCA-associated microbial biofilms to OA and determine whether or not OA adversely affects the ability of CCA to induce coral larval metamorphosis. We experimentally exposed the CCA Hydrolithon onkodes to four pH/pCO2 conditions consistent with current IPCC predictions for the next few centuries (pH: 8.1, 7.9, 7.7, 7.5, pCO2: 464, 822, 1187, 1638 μatm). Settlement and metamorphosis of coral larvae was reduced on CCA pre-exposed to pH 7.7 (pCO2 = 1187 μatm) and below over a 6-week period. Additional experiments demonstrated that low pH treatments did not directly affect the ability of larvae to settle, but instead most likely altered the biochemistry of the CCA or its microbial associates. Detailed microbial community analysis of the CCA revealed diverse bacterial assemblages that altered significantly between pH 8.1 (pCO2 = 464 μatm) and pH 7.9 (pCO2 = 822 μatm) with this trend continuing at lower pH/higher pCO2 treatments. The shift in microbial community composition primarily comprised changes in the abundance of the dominant microbes between the different pH treatments and the appearance of new (but rare) microbes at pH 7.5. Microbial shifts and the concomitant reduced ability of CCA to induce coral settlement under OA conditions projected to occur by 2100 is a significant concern for the development, maintenance and recovery of reefs globally. Text Ocean acidification PubMed Central (PMC) Global Change Biology 19 1 303 315 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
PubMed Central (PMC) |
op_collection_id |
ftpubmed |
language |
English |
topic |
Primary Research Articles |
spellingShingle |
Primary Research Articles Webster, Nicole S Uthicke, Sven Botté, Emanuelle S Flores, Florita Negri, Andrew P Ocean acidification reduces induction of coral settlement by crustose coralline algae |
topic_facet |
Primary Research Articles |
description |
Crustose coralline algae (CCA) are a critical component of coral reefs as they accrete carbonate for reef structure and act as settlement substrata for many invertebrates including corals. CCA host a diversity of microorganisms that can also play a role in coral settlement and metamorphosis processes. Although the sensitivity of CCA to ocean acidification (OA) is well established, the response of their associated microbial communities to reduced pH and increased CO2 was previously not known. Here we investigate the sensitivity of CCA-associated microbial biofilms to OA and determine whether or not OA adversely affects the ability of CCA to induce coral larval metamorphosis. We experimentally exposed the CCA Hydrolithon onkodes to four pH/pCO2 conditions consistent with current IPCC predictions for the next few centuries (pH: 8.1, 7.9, 7.7, 7.5, pCO2: 464, 822, 1187, 1638 μatm). Settlement and metamorphosis of coral larvae was reduced on CCA pre-exposed to pH 7.7 (pCO2 = 1187 μatm) and below over a 6-week period. Additional experiments demonstrated that low pH treatments did not directly affect the ability of larvae to settle, but instead most likely altered the biochemistry of the CCA or its microbial associates. Detailed microbial community analysis of the CCA revealed diverse bacterial assemblages that altered significantly between pH 8.1 (pCO2 = 464 μatm) and pH 7.9 (pCO2 = 822 μatm) with this trend continuing at lower pH/higher pCO2 treatments. The shift in microbial community composition primarily comprised changes in the abundance of the dominant microbes between the different pH treatments and the appearance of new (but rare) microbes at pH 7.5. Microbial shifts and the concomitant reduced ability of CCA to induce coral settlement under OA conditions projected to occur by 2100 is a significant concern for the development, maintenance and recovery of reefs globally. |
format |
Text |
author |
Webster, Nicole S Uthicke, Sven Botté, Emanuelle S Flores, Florita Negri, Andrew P |
author_facet |
Webster, Nicole S Uthicke, Sven Botté, Emanuelle S Flores, Florita Negri, Andrew P |
author_sort |
Webster, Nicole S |
title |
Ocean acidification reduces induction of coral settlement by crustose coralline algae |
title_short |
Ocean acidification reduces induction of coral settlement by crustose coralline algae |
title_full |
Ocean acidification reduces induction of coral settlement by crustose coralline algae |
title_fullStr |
Ocean acidification reduces induction of coral settlement by crustose coralline algae |
title_full_unstemmed |
Ocean acidification reduces induction of coral settlement by crustose coralline algae |
title_sort |
ocean acidification reduces induction of coral settlement by crustose coralline algae |
publisher |
Blackwell Publishing Ltd |
publishDate |
2013 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3597258 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23504741 https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12008 |
genre |
Ocean acidification |
genre_facet |
Ocean acidification |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3597258 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23504741 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12008 |
op_rights |
Copyright © 2013 Blackwell Publishing Ltd http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ Re-use of this article is permitted in accordance with the Creative Commons Deed, Attribution 2.5, which does not permit commercial exploitation. |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12008 |
container_title |
Global Change Biology |
container_volume |
19 |
container_issue |
1 |
container_start_page |
303 |
op_container_end_page |
315 |
_version_ |
1766157784982749184 |